Aim: This review aims to assess the effect of quality improvement initiatives on reducing the rate of CLABSI. Method: This study used Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) method to enable researchers to systematically and organize a search for studies. Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) integrative approach structure consists of five stages (problem recognition, literature search, data assessment, data interpretation, and presentation). The empirical literature on quality improvement projects and initiatives on reducing the rate of CLABSI was reviewed and analyzed based on Whittemore and Knafl's framework to draw an overall conclusion about what is effective over the quality improvement projects in the infection rate. Finding: Nine articles fit the study inclusion criteria 7 were Q.I., and two were a mixed method. The nine articles' findings were classified into two themes: (1) Central line bundle care and (2) Education on CLBSAI insertion and maintenance. Conclusion: This review found quality improvement projects decrease the incidence of CLABSI, improve patients’ mortality, and reduce hospitalization days. Therefore, care bundles should be performed as a routine protocol. To be more successful, bundles of care should concentrate on these risks. During the catheter insertion, compliance with barrier precautions is desirable to minimize the probability of infections. Staff education and training positively impact the prevalence rate, utilizing maximal sterile obstacle safety measures that include sterile full-body drapes, sterile gloves, sterile gowns, masks, and caps, all central venous catheters are placed.

In this study, the researcher discusses the translation strategies of metaphors in the Holy Quran; Surah Al Imran as a sample using the translated version into English by Yusuf Ali. Metaphor is an expression of figurative languages that gives cognition and makes the language looks more aesthetic. This expression is frequently found in the Quran that must be understood carefully because the Quran's meanings are sometimes stated explicitly and sometimes implicitly with a figurative language especially it is the speech of God (Allah). The researcher used the descriptive qualitative method to analyze some strategies that are used to translate these metaphors. The data which have been categorized as metaphor was taken from Surah Al Imran. Moreover, this study had been done through several steps, starting from choosing words, phrases, or sentences that were categorized as metaphor, then providing the verse as well as each translation, then followed by analyzing them, and lastly, gathering them as the discussion. The result of this study showed that there are ten metaphor expressions in the above mentioned Surah. There are two metaphor translation strategies applied in English. English translators utilize translating the metaphor by producing the same image in the target language and converting the metaphor to its sense.

Introduction: Annually physical inactivity attributes to 1.6 million deaths. Physical inactivity in college students is higher in developing countries compared to developed countries. There is a decline in physical activity as the age increases, this increases risk of NCDs like cardiovascular disease, Type 2 Diabetes, stroke. Aim: The present student was done with the objective of finding the level of physical activity among the university students in urban Chidambaram. Study setting and design: This is a cross-sectional study done among students studying in university. Materials and Methods: A total of 454 participants were included in the study, the level of physical activity was assessed using IPAQ-SF. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive and Analytical statistics were used. Analytical statistics was done using Chi-square test and binominal logistic regression. Results: Out of 454 participants, 108 (23.8 %) were physically active and 346 (76.2 %) were physically inactive. Among physically inactive, 107 (30.9 %) were males and 239 (69.1 %) were females. Females were 3 times physically inactive compared to males [odd’s ratio - 3.011 (95% CI 1.931 - 4.695)]. Binary logistic regression between levels of physical activity and significant factors showed females were 2.9 [95% CI (1.84 – 4.58)] physically inactive compared to males and this difference is statistically significant (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: The study shows that majority of college students lack physical activity, males are physically active compared to females. Females are less engaged in Vigorous physical activity compared to males.

This research was conducted at PT. Agung Solusi Trans with the aim to analyze the influence of leadership, work motivation, and compensation on employee job satisfaction. Data collection was obtained through direct questionnaires using a total population of 101 saturated samples, while the data analysis method used Partial Lease Square analysis. The results of data analysis show that: (i) Leadership has a positive and significant impact on employee job satisfaction, (ii) work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction and (iii) compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction. The three independent variables, leadership, work motivation, and compensation each have a positive and significant effect; it can be proven by all the results of the hypotheses and declared proven.

Objectives: Dexamethasone is a steroid that has been widely used during third molar surgery to reduce acute complication associated with mandibular third molar surgery. This study compared the effect of preoperative versus postoperative oral dexamethasone on swelling, pain and trismus following impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 138 subjects with impacted mandibular third molar referred for surgical extraction at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja were enrolled for the study and randomised into two groups. Group A subjects had 8mg of oral dexamethasone tablets one hour before surgical extraction while group B subjects had 8mg of oral dexamethasone tablets immediately after surgery. Pain, swelling and trismus were evaluated in both groups at days 2, 5 and 7. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS (IBM version 23). P-value was set at <0.05. Results: There were 61 males and 76 females with an age range of 21-57 years and an average age of 30.7 years and 29.6 years for groups A and B respectively. The results of the study indicated that there was no statistical difference in the reduction of pain, swelling, and trismus after mandibular third molar surgeries in both groups. Conclusion: Therefore, dexamethasone can be used either pre-operatively or postoperatively in minimising postoperative swelling, pain and trismus following mandibular third molar surgery provided there are no contraindications to its use.

Advances in molecular biology techniques have been made due to biomedical engineering approaches for synthesis of new machineries and biomaterials. There are different molecular techniques that have been used for detection of microbes in order to distinguish their cells on the basis of their characteristics and structural differences of the same group’s organism. These molecular techniques are PCR, electrophoresis, DNA fingerprinting, Pulse electrophoresis. Besides these techniques for detection of DNA, PCR demand has become most during pandemic of Covid-19. Real time PCR is the most advanced form of PCR that detection the nucleic acid testing in short time with greater chances of accuracy as compared to the other kit based traditional methods for detection of nuclear segments. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is used for viral detection through nucleic acid testing with high accuracy and has become popular technique during pandemic of Covid-19. Bacteria can be utilized for human benefits especially for industrial applications such Viruses infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria. As treatment of many diseases, food industry, pharmaceutical industries and medical industry.

Moderate mitral stenosis, associated to left atrium enlargement and atrial fibrillation, can accelerate thrombo embolic formation. If not found quickly, medical treatment may not be enough. We report a case of 64 years-old women with dyspnea and palpitation related to a moderate mitral valve stenosis, atrial fibrillation and enlargement of left atrium containing a large thrombus. Despite a well conduced anticoagulation treatment, she presented an episode of syncope with a thrombus that was more developed than previously. She underwent mitral prothesis, thrombectomy and reduction of left atrium with good outcome.

Nanotechnology playing important role for the synthesis of chemical compounds by emphasizes on their applications in different fields due to their physical and chemical properties. ICP-OES is the most advanced technique with modifications in their instrumental working leads to effective analysis of chemicals compounds, nanoparticles characterization, trace elements in water and other geographical applications. Failure to achieve the calibration leads to ineffective characterization through ICP-OES that especially functioned in high recoveries of Au NPs when using such a special macerating enzyme that appeared to release the NPs from plant tissue without changing the size distribution of the NPs. ICP-OES is used for capturing the toxins and heavy metals in environment as the biological pollutants. Its efficiency to remove the nearby metals and other portents deliberately increased due to advances in the fields of the biomedical engineering in conjugation with the environment sciences. ICP-OES is widely used in mining processes, mining purity control, rocks analysis, etc.

The In-Kingdom Total Value Add (IKTVA) Program, launched in December 2015, is an initiative of Saudi Aramco to drive additional domestic value creation in Saudi Arabia. This was launched in order to support the rapidly changing economic environment and promote future prosperity. It is the bedrock of the strategy at Saudi Aramco, A Saudi Arabian Petroleum and Natural Gas Company that is based in Dhahran. According to Al-Ghalayni, Chairman and CEO of BMG Financial Group, “Made in Saudi Arabia” as a slogan carries the vision and will be crucial to the long-term economic growth of the Kingdom. To date, Saudi Aramco has held 5 Annual IKTVA forums and exhibitions. The 2-day 2020 forum attracted more than 70 exhibitors, 14 government bodies, and 8 international energy players in the industry. This alone was a significant boost to the efforts made locally towards localization of the Kingdom’s economy.

Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the clinical and laboratory profile of patients with ovarian tumor. Method: This cross-sectional observational study was done at different tertiary hospitals from 2018 to 2020. Total 100 post-menopausal women with ovarian cysts aged 50-65 years were enrolled for this study. In each case, information about the patient was collected in a prescribed questionnaire after getting written consent from the patients in a preformed consent form. Results: During the study, (50%) of the patients belong to 54-57 years age group. 18% had family history of cancer, followed by 33.3% were nulliparas, 20.4% used barrier contraceptive method. According to histopathology report of the patients 27.9% cases mucinous cyst abdenomia were found followed by 18.7% cases endometrioma, in 17.5% cases serous cyst adenoma, 5.1% cases mucinous adenocarcinomas 5.6% cases papillary adenocarcinoma, 2.5% cases paraovarian cysts and benign cystic lesion and area of hemorrhagic infract were reported. Rt. Ovarian cyst about (10x6.6)cm cases were found 23.2% cases, followed by Rt. Adenexal mass about (12x9)cm found in 21.1% cases,11.6% cases Large complex mass about (13.9X12.8)cm were found, 6.3% cases cystic mass about (13x10)cm in the Lt. abdenexa were found, 5.3% cases Malignant ovarian tumor and complex pelvic mass about (9.3X7)cm were found. 26.6% cases mucinous cyst abdenomia were found followed by 17.7% cases endometrioma, in 16.5% cases serous cyst adenoma, 5.1% cases Mucinous adenocarcinoma and Papillary adenocarcinoma, 2.5% cases Peravarian cyst and Benign cystic lesion and area of hemorrhagic infract were reported. 32.4% cases were benign tumor and 16.2% cases were malignant.

This study examined the dynamic impact of sovereign debt and sovereign debt service on economic growth in Nigeria using annual time series data spanning 1981 to 2019. The study employed the error correction model, vector error correction model and the granger causality test to explain the impact of the relationships. The results revealed that an increase in external debt will lead to an increase in the growth of the Nigerian economy in the short run and a decrease in the economy in long run. The estimated results also revealed that there is an existence of a high significant and positive relationship between domestic debts and the Nigerian economy both in short and long run, while an increase in sovereign debt servicing will reduce the Nigerian GDP in both short and long run. The study found that there is a unidirectional causality running from external debt, domestic debt and sovereign debt servicing to the Nigerian economy. The study recommended that the government of Nigeria should encourage sustainable domestic borrowing and utilize the funds in productive economic activities and minimize external borrowings since it impacts on the economy in the short run is less significant and in the long run, is negatively significant.

Cotton is the most important crop that growing all around the world due to its immense applications for the synthesis of agricultural based products, textile and branded products. Genome of cotton arises have been sequenced but some varieties are in process of completion of genome under the genome sequencing technology. The first sequence of the D-genome wild relative of cultivated cotton of G. raimondii has been sequenced that laid foundation the sequencing for other varieties. Cotton demand increased all around the world as compared to other fibers and polyester based fibers. Low or high temperature affected the crops rotation cycles. Soil and water has to be our number one limiting factor and our greatest challenge to improve the yield of all crops so that economy of agricultural farming can be improved. When cotton seeds are crushed by cotton then three distinct compounds are produced: oil, meal and hull that can be used in fertilizers to enrich agricultural soil. Diseases in cotton can be controlled under the splicing and modification through molecular techniques.

The radish is also cultivated for oil purposes, as the oil is being take out from its seeds. The characteristics and the economic importance of radish vary among the East & West of world. Radish has the anti-diabetic, anti-turmeric and the anti-mutagenic properties. Different metals affected the radish plant by reducing the growth factors. There is need to control the level of toxic metals accumulation in radish. Ni is extensively utilized in the silver plants, alloy, zinc casting, storage batteries and in pigment electroplating. The growing Ni 2+ concentration has been investigated and it inhibits germination of seed and growth of seedlings in many plants. In normal rats R. sativus rises the HDL of serum. Some radish varieties designated for the experimental purpose of molecular investigations. Bioremediation is an inexpensive remediation method as compared to others remediation methods. Next generation sequencing technology provides a new technique both for the transcriptome analyses and genes mapping.

Lippia adoensis var. koseret is a well- known medicinal plant endemic to Ethiopia. It has been traditionally used to treat different infectious diseases and also in food preparation as condiment. The focuse of the present paper was to evaluate antibacterial activities of methanol, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous extracts of leave of L. adoensis var. koseret against S. aureus E.coli and P. aeruginosa at two concentration level (5 and 10mg/ml) and Phytochemical and Thin Layer Chromatography analysis of the extracts showed antibacterial activity. The antibacterial assay was carried out using agar well diffusion method. Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using the standard phytochemical assays. Thin Layer Chromatography analysis of the methanol, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves was carried out using the solvent system Hexane: Ethyl acetate (in 7:3 ratios). The results of antibacterial assay revealed that methanol, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts active against E.coli and P. aeruginosa. Among the tested microorganism S. aureus, was resistant to all extracts. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various chemical compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and tannins. While, carbohydrate and amino acid were absent. Thin Layer Chromatography analysis of the methanol, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves of Lippia adoensis var. koseret revealed bands indicating the presence of various compounds that could act as potential antimicrobial agents.

Along with advantages in LO there existed many other disadvantages for LO. Variation in the morphology of the lingual surfaces especially on the maxillary anterior teeth is commonly seen. Wide range of labial-lingual thickness of the teeth and the smaller inter bracket distance in the anterior region requires numerous in-out bends which are difficult. Tissue irritation, speech difficulties, difficulty in oral hygiene has been also seen in many conditions. The problems traditionally associated with lingual orthodontics cannot be solved with conventional manufacturing processes; instead, complete individualization of all appliance components is needed. Lingual Matrix (LMX) is such a system that involves a fully digital process. As LMX is a new concept, this study was carried out to assess the efficacy of lingual matrix in initial leveling and aligning.