This study was design to examine the acute toxicity of the 80% -ethanolic extract of CP Men capsules in healthy male and female Sprague-Dawley rats and phytochemical screening of the product. Six samples of the product were submitted to the Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Heath Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra for the analysis and others. The investigators at the University declared in their research report that the study was conducted at the Animal Experimentation Unit of the School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences (SBAHS). College of Health Sciences, university of Ghana. On clinical Observation, the study conducted reports that the animals treated by the ethanolic extract of CP Men capsules (5000 mg/kg) did not show any observable abnormality in movement, salivation, sleep, lethargy, there was no signs of piloerection and mortality in comparison to the control group within the first 48 hours, and daily during the 14 days of the study. With regards to Lethal Dose Fifty (LD50), the study found that per monitoring the animals for 24, 48 hours and throughout the remaining 12 days, the group of rats treated by the ethanolic extract of CP Men capsules did not record any deaths. Hence, the LD50 of the ethanolic extract of CP Men capsules, when administered orally, is greater than 5000mg/kg. In conclusion, further studies involving long term administration of aqueous extract of CP Men capsules in different experimental rodents, including mice, will be needed to assess its safety for trial and use in humans. More renal function markers such as creatinine should be analyzed. The phytochemical screening also demonstrates that the herbal drug is of plant origin.

Introduction: Disturbances in lipid profile are very common in hemodialysis patients. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) has been proposed as a good predictor of atherogenic potential in the general population, but there is little data on this parameter in hemodialysis patients. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of lipid abnormalities in a series of hemodialysis patients and to appreciate the contribution of non-HDL-c in the identification of non-traditional risk factors related to lipoprotein subclasses. Materials and methods: we performed a case-control study which included 100 chronic hemodialysis patients, from October 2014 to February 2015. We evaluated anthropometric markers and lipids parameters in HD patients and control patients, and the correlation between them was investigated. Results: One hundred chronic hemodialysis patients with a mean age of 48 ± 17 years participated in this study. The most common lipid abnormality was a decrease in HDL-c (47%), followed by an increase in HDL-c (27%) and hypertriglyceridemia (20%). Total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, and CT/HDL-C ratio are significantly higher in the group of patients with high non-HDL-c compared to the low non-HDL-c group. In addition, a significant correlation was demonstrated between the levels of non-HDL-c and either LDL-C (r = 0.917, p = 0.000) or TC (r = 0.941, p = 0.000). Conclusion: Our study suggests that non-HDL cholesterol is an indicator valuable in the diagnosis, monitoring of dyslipidemia and assessment of cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis patients. It amply deserves to be included in the parameters of the lipid balance within the framework of the follow-up of hemodialysis patients.

This paper was motivated as a student of the Business Law and ethics module as part of the generic Master of Business Administration (MBA) program. The paper therefore discusses the legal question “To What Extent Does the Law Provide Sufficient Protection for Those Who Enter into A Contract with A Person Who, Through Age, Mental Illness, Or Intoxication, May Be Said to Lack the Capacity to Make a Binding Agreement”? Indeed, every Contract is an agreement, but it is Not Every Agreement That Qualifies to Be Called a Contract.

There were two new water sources were identified in Greater Cairo. Ain Alhaya is one of the most common springs that are subjected to continuous increase in the ground water level. Ain El-Khiala is a greenish brown spring located to the south of Ain El-Sira. During the present study, samples were collected from these regions and compared to quality of water collected from River Nile, Ismailia Canal and tap water (chlorinated treated water). The physicochemical parameters, disinfection by-products (DBPs) were measured in the collected samples in addition to microbiological examination. It was showed that quality of water was the same in River Nile and Ismailia Canal. The disinfection by chlorination is effective in water treatment and enhanced the water quality as compared to the other different sourced water although it gives various by-products. As regard to the springs, it was noticed that water quality is highly better in Ain Alhaya than Ain El-Khiala. The study concluded that there were statistical correlations among the physico-chemical, microbiological and organic measurements in different sourced water as compared to river nile and the most significant correlations were noticed among microbiological and organic measurements.

Ascariasis is an infection of the small intestine caused by Ascaris lumbricoides. The aim of this study was to evaluate the medicinal potency of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) juice and ogogoro (Local gin) mixture on ascariasis as well as assessing its effects on hepato-renal and inflammatory biomarkers. Thirty primary school children whose stool samples upon microscopical examination at x40 were found to have 2+ ova of Ascaris lumbricoides (experimental group) and another thirty whose stool samples had no ova of Ascaris lumbricoides (control group) were recruited for this study. Each of the subjects in the experimental group was administered orally with ten milliliters of the mixture twice daily for five consecutive days. Two weeks after the completion of this oral administration, their stool samples were re-examined microscopically using x40 objective and it revealed 70% significant therapeutic response to Ascaris lumbricoides i.e. zero ova. Thereafter, five milliliters of blood specimens were collected into lithium heparin anti-coagulated bottles from each subject in the control and experimental groups respectively. These specimens were spun and the obtained plasma used for the quantitative measurement of hepato-renal and inflammatory biomarkers which revealed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) when compared. In conclusion, this study has given an insight on the medicinal potency of this mixture in the treatment of ascariasis and its use is therefore recommended.

This study is based on POA, absorbing its beneficial elements to academic English vocabulary teaching. This research has some pedagogical implications for academic English study and teaching of college English. By using the "beneficial elements" of POA, it intends to avoid the disadvantages of traditional vocabulary teaching, then continuously improving the efficiency of teaching, thus effectively improving the quality of academic English vocabulary teaching and students' academic English vocabulary level, so as to improve its scientific research ability and academic exchange level.

The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze weaknesses in the application of criminal penalties in current tax crimes and to reconstruct criminal penalties in the field of value-based taxation. justice using the constructivism paradigm in empirical legal research using the Sociological juridical approach. The Source of research data consisted of primary data sources and secondary data sources, the research analysis used qualitative descriptive analysis.The research shows that the weaknesses of the application of fines in tax criminal cases as stipulated in Law Number 6 of 1983 is that the obligation to pay a fine is automatically annulled if the convict is serving a sentence of imprisonment, however, in a criminal case in the field of taxation, the amount of the penalty decided by the Court is still considered as "Tax Payable". this is not fair because it has not regulated subsidies in lieu of fines so that the Court's decision on fines cannot be implemented because the convict does not want to pay. The reconstruction of the law, according to the author, is basically not a form of revenge against perpetrators who are not cooperative and in order to pay their taxes, but as a means of increasing public awareness and obedience as taxpayers, so that in the end it is able to increase state revenue in the taxation sector. Therefore, The Law on General Provisions and Tax Procedures need to be reconstructed by adding new norms listed in Article 41 D.

Angiogenesis is a complex, sophisticated process, subjected to many different conditions. A number of basic mechanisms of angiogenesis have been deciphered and several targets for therapeutic intervention have been identified. In recent decades, numerous pro and antiangiogenic molecules, as well as their ligands and intracellular signaling pathways, have been identified for treating numerous diseases. For the past decades angiogenesis has been a field under extensive investigation. Tumours depend on the growth of a vascular network, which is stimulated by a variety of angiogenic mediators, providing them with blood and oxygen. Inhibition of these factors and its pathways, there by reducing the growth of blood vessels was major breakthrough in treatment of cancer. Even though anti-angiogenic therapy has gained a lot of progression in the past decade, combination of conventional methods like chemotherapy and radiotherapy along with the antiangiogenic therapy would be more beneficial to the patient. This is a review article to understand the mechanism of action and clinical significance of angiogenesis.

The last global pandemic was Spanish flu in 2018 that lasted till April 2020 and Homoeopathy was used in the treatment of the Spanish flu [1]. With two consecutive subdued celebrations of World Homoeopathy Day on 10th April 2020 and 2021 due to the on-going COVID (Corona Virus Disease) 19epidemic or pandemic, it is time to re-reflect what Homoeopathy can offer at this stage as a therapeutic system. Currently in the second wave, Homoeopathy has been tried on COVID 19 patients but officially there is no standardized treatment plan unlike the modern medicine which has a treatment plan based on the hit and trial medicines. The current situation reflects that there is no cure to COVID 19 yet. It can be emphatically stated that Homoeopathy has proved its effectiveness in multiple viral diseases since its discovery in 1790. However, officially the AYUSH ministry through CCRH in January 2020 i.e., more than a year ago had offered the Homoeopathic medicine Arsenic Album- 30CH as a preventive medicine for COVID 19. The doses and frequency of the medicine are also clearly mentioned [7, 8]. The related press release of AYUSH ministry mentions that health advisory of AYUSH ministry includes Arsenic Album-30 as a possible preventive for flu like illness such as corona virus infection [7, 8]. India also confirmed its first Corona virus case in January 2020 [2].Unfortunately, when there is an actual need for the nation, there has been no official word from CCRH in 2021 regarding a treatment protocol when the pandemic has not only struck urban India but also rural India. Instead, two broad guidelines are issued for the Homoeopathic fraternity that suggests a group of remedies that are suggestive in nature [13, 14]. The current article focuses on the curative approach through a treatment protocol for the second and the upcoming third wave that Homoeopathy has the potential to offer in COVID 19 second and third wave. The cost effectiveness coupled with the therapeutic effectiveness of Homoeopathy can be applied to cover masses especially in rural India. Currently, COVID-19 has spread to rural India. Studies have indicated that the initial symptoms of COVID 19 disease leads to anosmia followed by fever, dry cough, respiratory distress through dry pneumonia respectively. The approach of treatment through the various stages has been dealt with in the article through application of multiple Homoeopathic medicines. The selected medicines are based on the principles of Homoeopathy using the text books of Homoeopathic Materia Medica. The article offers a treatment package/protocol for the second and upcoming third wave both for the urban and rural areas. Such strategies will not only offer to reduce hospitalization but also mortality and complications. Cases can be easily dealt at home where the Homoeopathic medicine does not allow the infection to spread to lungs while keeping the bowels in perfect shape thus enhancing the gut immunity.

The lack of treatment options for COVID-19 has led to many attempts to find alternative options to prevent the transmission of the disease or to control the progression of the infection. In this situation, there is a search for the remedies across the globe and has raised many concerns among the common people. In India, the world’s ancient medicinal system, Ayurveda has enough potential and possibilities to be employed both for the prevention and treatment of COVID19. This article presents the use of natural products and herbal extracts to increase immunity and decrease the probability of getting infected, as being practised by Anadayya.

For killing viruses such as coronaviruses (CoVs), researchers suggested disinfection chains of ultraviolet (UV)-C lamps supported by holding stands. Such chains can be folded easily for carrying purpose, and the length of the system could be changed following the need. Such uncomplicated device could be utilized for cheap, reusable and chemical free disinfection of public places; such setup is as well appropriate to neutralize the airborne viruses, even if the application of disinfection should be realized in absence of humans to avert the hazardous influence of UV rays on skin. On the other hand, chemical disinfectants are largely utilized on common touch surfaces in public settings, as a means of controlling the Cov propagation. Nonetheless, the continuous introduction of such dangerous chemicals can exacerbate the growth of biocide-tolerant and antibiotic-resistant bacteria on those surfaces and allow their direct transfers to humans. For these reasons, UV disinfection technology may be promising for dealing with such CoVs.

Introduction: Ovary is one of the commonest organs to be involved in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions in females for all age groups. Most of the ovarian tumours have similar clinical, radiological and morphological presentation,thus making diagnostic modality challenging. The histopathological examinations play a major role in both diagnostic as well as in therapeutic interventions. Objective: In the semiurban population attending the tertiary care centre to determine the following characteristics of ovarian lesions a)The agewise distribution b) Histomorphological patterns.c) Frequency of occurence. Materials and Methods: The present study is a retrospective study done at Trichy SRM medical college hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 and includes 640 cases of ovarian lesions. Clinical and Histopathological details were recorded, analysed and compiled. Results: Total gynaecological specimens received in the Department of pathology, during this period of study was 1200.Out of these ovarian specimen were 640.Among 640 cases, 345 cases(54.1%) were Non-neoplastic and 295 cases(46.1) were neoplastic. The age group ranges from 10 to 70 yrs with 4th decade being the commonest age group involved.Among the Non-neoplastic lesions, follicular cysts (42.7%) were the commonest and found frequently being unilateral with left side involvement. Among the neoplastic lesions, serous cystadenoma (80 cases) is the commonest benign neoplasm and serous cystadenocarcinoma (16 cases) is the commonest malignant neoplasm. Conclusion: Histopathological evaluation is mandatry to validate the clinical and radiological diagnosis and categorization of ovarian lesions for effective treatment and patient care.

Removal of heavy metals from water presents a lingering challenge. Inorganic pollutants are persistent and non-biodegradable, hence are retained in polluted sites for a very long time. Due to their poisoning nature, it becomes imperative to develop cost-effective methods for their removal. In this study, a local clay mineral was collected and mildly treated for the adsorption of lead from an aqueous solution. The applicability of the pulverized clay from the Akoko region of Ondo state Nigeria, for removal of lead from aqueous solution, was evaluated using the batch sorption process. The role of pH, initial lead concentration, agitation time, and temperature were analyzed to get optimum conditions for maximum removal of lead. Experimental data were best fitted to Freundlich adsorption isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 0.49 mg/g at correlation coefficient > 0.99. It was found that 80 minutes of contact, basic pH, and ambient temperature were optimum conditions for the removal of lead using pulverized clay. These findings further buttress that readily available geochemical substance can be harnessed for the decontamination of metal pollution in water/wastewater.

This study is an examination of the life and work of the Kuwaiti dramatist Saad al-Faraj (1938-). al-Faraj‟s name is virtually unknown in the West – particularly in the English-speaking West, although he is well known in Arab World. Only one academic study of any significance has appeared in Arabic on this eminent and fascinating dramatist, who was honoured by NCCAL and the Arab Theatre Institute at the end of his life. This study do not attempt to be comprehensive but focus on particular stages of al-Faraj‟s career. This study is, therefore, the only one to attempt to see al-Faraj whole. To do so it combines an account of his life which seeks to comprehend the various forces that shaped his thinking with an analysis of one of his main dramatic work. The study concentrates on the years following the trauma inflicted on the Arab world by the catastrophe of the defeat of June 1967. Al-Faraj‟s career can be divided into two phases: the immature plays of his young manhood; his late period – the „Epic theatre‟, when his Nasrism politics were the main factor shaping his drama. The study places al-Faraj in his historical and sociocultural context and provides a brief background explaining the literary and theatrical traditions of the Arab world that influenced his activity as a dramatist. His late work is then examined in turn and his play Custom is Second Nature is analysed in accordance with the focus of the study. This means given to the late period, but no significant work is neglected. The study aims to trace the trajectory of al-Faraj‟s development using a variety of sources: the plays themselves, al-Faraj‟s own journalism and critical writings, interviews with him, and his close friends and colleagues, in addition to a number of journals, books and articles, some of which contain important interviews with al-Faraj that shed light on his thought and ways of working. Conclusions will be drawn but, more importantly, questions will be raised, and it is hoped that scholars will consider this playwright and his work a subject meriting further research.

In recent years, Chinese consumers' buying behavior in the international luxury consumer market has greatly risen due to China's rising economic strength. In this case, the imported cosmetics market has been strongly stimulated. Even in the context of the global economic downturn, the consumption of imported cosmetics by Chinese consumers has improved. Therefore, some key factors affecting purchasing behavior is necessary to be researched. There are four factors including celebrity influence, comparative advantage, appearance and brand culture in this empirical research. The results of the study show that the four factors all have positive impacts on women's purchase intention. This article aims to provide some inspiration for marketing in imported cosmetics industry.