Toxic Megacolon with Colonic Ischemia Masquerading as Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case Report
F. Mansouri
Page Numbers : 58-63
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2020.v06i01.010
A previously healthy 12-year-old boy presented with abdominal pain and clinical and laboratory features highly suggestive of diabetic ketoacidosis. When his blood glucose plummeted and his urinary ketones disappeared within the first hour of insulin therapy, while his abdominal pain, acidosis and hemodynamic status failed to improve despite vigorous fluid resuscitation, the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis was questioned. At laparotomy, gangrenous, hugely dilated large bowel was found, requiring a subtotal colectomy from the cecum to the sigmoid colon; leaving the patient with an ileostomy. The child survived a complicated postoperative course and is currently doing well.
Review Article
Jan. 19, 2020
Insights into Epigenetics Mechanisms in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Loulwah Alothman, May Alsenani, Reem Alrabiah, Amjad Abu Ras, Ethar Abulhassan, Rana Aldayel, Rania Almutairi, Rawan Alsaif
Page Numbers : 30-35
DOI : 10.36348/sjodr.2020.v05i01.005
Temporomandibular joint reconstruction (TMJR) is often required for patients with severe and/or refractory TMJ disease who have failed conservative treatment. TMJR helps improve masticatory function and is linked to improved quality of life outcomes. Alloplastic reconstruction is currently considered the treatment of choice for most serious TMJ disorders due to its many advantages, including but not limited to early recovery, consistent long-term outcomes and significant improvements in the function of the jaw. Two types of TMJR prostheses are available for reconstruction, broadly speaking: 1) inventory, and 2) custom-made prostheses. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief overview of TMJR's fundamental principles and concepts to the reader while referring to applicable existing literature.
Review Article
Jan. 18, 2020
Insights into Epigenetics Mechanisms in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Loulwah Alothman, May Alsenani, Reem Alrabiah, Amjad Abu Ras, Ethar Abulhassan, Rana Aldayel, Rania Almutairi, Rawan Alsaif
Page Numbers : 30-35
DOI : 10.36348/sjodr.2020.v05i01.005
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common oral cancers accounting for 96% of all head and neck cancers. Beside the different endogenous and environmental risk factors, epigenetics play an important role in causing OSCC. Epigenetics shed light on the presence of inherited changes in the phenotype of a gene with the absence of an alteration in the DNA sequence. The epigenetic modifications can result in the emersion of cancer, autoimmune diseases, aging and other diseases. Under several circumstances, DNA undergoes methylation. This methylation might be related to normal development or serious diseases like cancer. DNA methylation is a heritable biochemical modification occurs predominantly by transferal of a methyl group to C- 5 position of the cytosine ring (CpGs) which may cause epigenetic disturbances. This review aims toward investigating the genetics in literature to help in diagnosing OSCC with new modalities that are less invasive compared to histopathology. Studied genes including ECAD, DAPK, MGMT and P53 has different methylation frequencies in relation to OSCC which may be related to their significant role in early diagnosis and prognosis. Since genetics has a major role in OSCC, we searched most recently reported genes and technologies seeking early detection and treatment of OSCC results in a better prognosis and more conservative treatment.
Original Research Article
Jan. 17, 2020
Prevalence of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension among the Pregnant Women: A Study in Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh
Muhammad Mahmudul Haque, Nitai Chandra Sarkar
Page Numbers : 53-57
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2020.v06i01.009
Background: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy is one of the major causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity, mortality, premature birth, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and low birth weight and solely maternal mortality is account for 10-15% of maternal deaths in developing countries. Each year, an estimated 2.9 million babies die during the neonatal period and 2.6 million babies are stillborn around the world due to presence of PIH in pregnancy. According to WHO 2018, the rate of stillbirth is 21.9 per 1000 births in women with a pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). The objectives of the study is to estimate the prevalence of pregnancy induced hypertension during pregnancy in a selected rural health center in Bangladesh. Methods & Materials: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out and a semi-structured questionnaire was used to capture demographic data, obstetric history and on PIH status. The study was conducted from June 2019 to November, 2019. The 80 pregnant women with on or above 20 weeks of gestation admitted in the Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh or who sought outdoor service were enrolled in the study through purposive sampling technique who met the inclusion criteria. Data on PIH was extracted based on hypertension with on or above systolic and diastolic blood pressure140 mmHg and 90 mmHg respectively and presence of anemia, oedema, vertigo, sudden weight gain, insomnia and oliguria throughclinical examination and measuring blood pressure (BP) using predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the women was found to have24.72 (±SD). The prevalence of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) was found 7/80×100 = 8.75%. More than 57% of PIH was mild, followed by around 29% and 14% of PIH were moderate and severe respectively. History of hypertension, LUCS (The lower uterine segment cesarean section), abortion and stillbirth were found 5 (6.25%), 17 (21.25%), 21 (26.25%) and 13 (16.25%)
Original Research Article
Jan. 16, 2020
Statistical Hypothesis Test on the Vessel Arrival Pattern at Hong Kong Port with Peak Time
Dao-zheng Huang
Page Numbers : 19-25
DOI : 10.36348/sjbms.2020.v05i01.003
The vessel arrival pattern is the basis of research on the port management including berth assignment, quay crane assignment and yard operations. The hypothesis that vessel arrival pattern follows the Poisson distribution (or the inter-arrival time of two consecutive vessel arrivals follows the exponential distribution) is regularly adopted by many researchers. This paper focuses on the vessel arrival pattern at the Hong Kong Port and examines the hypothesis mentioned above based on the real data. The chi-square test method is employed to check the hypothesis under the parameter the result shows the vessel arrival pattern does not follow the Poisson distribution. Researching into the arrival data, we find that there is peak time from 8 to 9 o’clock. Considering the peak time and normal time, respectively, we find that the vessel arrival pattern at both times follows the Poisson distribution. The conclusion is tested in different data set using the chi-square test.
Original Research Article
Jan. 15, 2020
Assessment of Oral Bacterial Profile and Antibiogram of Patients Attending Dental Clinic of a Private Tertiary Hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria
Seyi Samson Enitan, Adeolu Sunday Oluremi, John Okeleke Ochei, Richard Yomi Akele, Stanley Osahon Usiobeigbe, Ileoma Emmanuel, Comfort Bosede Enitan, Rukayah Oluwapelumi Tajudeen
Page Numbers : 11-23
DOI : 10.36348/sjodr.2020.v05i01.003
Background: Oral and dental problem is common among many Nigerian populace. The human oral cavity is one of the most dynamic habitats for numerous bacterial species where they undergo intense interspecies competition to form multispecies biofilm structure. Aim: The present study was designed to assess the oral bacterial profile and antibiogram of Adult Patients receiving dental care at Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ilishan-Remo Ogun State. Methods: A total of 200 oral swab samples were collected from 200 consenting participants (100 males and 100 females). The oral swab samples were cultured on Blood agar, MacConkey agar and Mannitol salt agar and incubated at 37oC. Gram staining, motility test and routine biochemical tests were done for the identification and characterization of the bacterial isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using the disc diffusion method. Data obtained were analysed using SPSS Statistics software package (version 18.0). Results: The bacterial species isolated include: Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter spp, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus feacalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Out of the 288 bacterial isolates obtained, 139 (65.5%) of the oral bacteria isolates were non-pathogenic in nature, while 69 (34.5%) were pathogenic. The pathogenic organism with the highest percentage occurrence was Enterobacter spp (37.7%), followed by Streptococcus pyogenes (24.6%), Enterococcus feacalis (19.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (4.9%) and the least being Escherichia coli (3.3%). Most of the Gram positive bacteria were sensitive to Augmentin, Sulbactomas, Cefroxime, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Erythromycin and Azithromycin; while most of the Gram negative bacteria were sensitive to Augumentin, Cefotaxime, Nalidixic acid, Nitrofurantoin and Gentamycin. Conclusion: Pathogenic bacteria capable of causing oral and dental pr
Original Research Article
Jan. 11, 2020
An Analysis of Citizenship Education Teachers’ Competence Based on Clinical Supervision
Zulaecha Ngiu, Rasmon Baideng
Page Numbers : 1-8
DOI : 10.36348/sjhss.2020.v05i01.001
This study aims to analyze (1) the implementation of clinical supervision in developing competence of citizenship education teachers in a democratic perspective in junior high schools of Bulagi district, Banggai Islands Regency, Province of Central Sulawesi; (2) the contributing factors to the competence of citizenship education teachers by clinical supervision program for the school principals; and (3) the efforts undertaken in developing the teachers’ competence. This study employs qualitative approach through case study. The data are generated from observation, interview, and documentation. The research comprises interactive data analysis to examine the data. The results show that (1) from the three phases of clinical supervision (the pre-observation meeting, observation of teaching process, and the evaluation), the effort of developing citizenship education teachers’ competence was not optimally implemented; (2) there are three factors (teachers’ educational background, teaching experience, and work ethic) which contributed to the non-optimal implementation of competence development of the teachers; (3) the school principals undertook stakeholder training, intensive lesson study, and classroom action research to improve the application of clinical supervision in developing competence of citizenship education teachers. It is for the teachers to achieve better competence.
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