A disaster is an incident that can causes massive damage and destruption. Disasters are common worldwide event now a days. Nurses role are very important in disaster management and its recovery. The purpose of this study was to assess the nurses' knowledge and practices Regarding disaster management and emergency preparedness. The objectives of this study was To assess the knowledge and determined the current practices of nurses in the emergency department and to identify the hospital specific plans regarding the disasters management. The Quantitative cross sectional study design was used in this study. semi stracture Questionnaire was used to collect the data. The questionnaires were administered by using convenient sampling. Data were statistically analyzed by descriptive criteria such as number, percentage, mean, median and standard deviation on SPSS version 21 and inferential statistics. Chi square test was used to check the relationship between the variable. The results of this study showed that Participant nurses have a good knowledge on disaster and its management. Overall good knowledge was 65.4%. However the practices were poor and overall poor practices were 83.3% so therefore it should be still need to do work on it. The conclusion of this study include that nurses knowledge about the disasters were good but practices were poor in the hospital setting. There is need to work on the practice and knowledge as well in these two hospital. The study revealed that hospitals currently have deficiencies in practices and management. Further, follow up research are necessary for maximizing nursing education and nursing quality.

Clinical practice guideline having much importance to improve the patient care outcomes and safety from complications. Nurses depend on multi-disciplinary knowledge and skills to use of clinical practice guidelines to promote their nursing practices. Nursing staff adherence to clinical practices guidelines is help in improving patient safety in hospital. The purpose of study is exploring the factors that promotes and inhibit adherence to clinical practices. This study considers the public hospital due to poor health care services. The population is comprised of registered nurses who are working in Jinnah hospital Lahore is included except critical areas, head nurses and other health care professionals. Sample size consists of 175 registered nurses of Jinnah hospital. According to analysis by using SPSS 21, results show that the organizational factors like development of guidelines, resources to carry out the skills, and support from hospital administration are the major promoters to adhere the clinical practice guidelines. Moreover, the results of this study depict that the personal factors including nurses have not enough knowledge about clinical practice guidelines, leadership and peer support, skill development, lack of communication, lack of resources and other facilities are major barriers to adherence the clinical practice guidelines. Finally, as a result of the research, multifaceted recommendation to assist the policy makers of health care organization and nursing managers to updating the guidelines, conduct educational and training session for nurses in a manner to up gradation of knowledge and improve the overall care and safety of patients

Micro-particles with polymers have got widespread application in formulation and development of various pharmaceutical and Life Sciences for taste masking, improving bioavailability, creating enteric coating, developing sustained released formulation, colon targeting therapy and developing pH dependent formulations. The development of various polymer helps to develop effective drug delivery system in pharmaceuticals and Life Sciences formulations. This polymer helps to create comprehensive drug delivery platform by improved protection, improved solubility and sustained release effect. These polymers are industry choice for the targeted drug delivery profiles. The objective of current manuscript to evaluate importance of Poly (ε-Caprolactone) and Eudragit® and its application in pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Industry for the development of various type of dosage forms

Endotracheal suctioning is a crucial element in the management of the airway in intensive care units. The effectiveness and complication of the endotracheal suctioning procedure is associated with the method of performing. The procedure requires clinical expertise, so the nurses should perform this procedure safely and effectively. The present study was carried out to assess the gap between knowledge and practice in standard endotracheal suctioning of intensive care unit nurses. In this cross sectional descriptive study knowledge and practice of 118 nurses in the 11 ICU’s of children hospital Lahore, Pakistan was analyzed. The sampling method is purposive. Data were collected using 35 item questionnaire and 31 item checklist. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze the data. The result of the study revealed that the participant have good level of knowledge (mean score 24 ±3.0) and fair level of practice as (mean practice score was 17.85± 5.67) showing that there is a gap between knowledge and practice. There is no relationship between knowledge and practice score. Significant relationship was found between practice score, total experience (p=0.007) and ICU type (p=0.004). The study describes that despite the presence of good knowledge their practice level is not up to the mark. The result shows that there is a need for training in this skill and continue feedback until desire level of skill achieved.

The current study was planned to evaluate the phytochemical analysis and oral acute toxicity study of the leaves of Baccaurea ramiflora and Microcos paniculata. The soxhlated extraction and standard methods were used for extractions and phytochemical analysis. The drug was administration orally, animal’s observed from cage side observations and mean body weight was taken for 14 days. There phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract of the leaves of Baccaurea ramiflora and Microcos paniculata revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, phytosterols, saponins and flavonoids. The oral acute toxicity study showed no noticeable clinical signs of toxicity and mortality during 14 days of the study period. No statistically significant alterations in body weights, compared to control group. We conclude that the outcome of the present study may add scientific information of ethanolic, chloroform extracts and acute toxicity study of the leaves of Baccaurea ramiflora and Microcos paniculata to the system of medical specialization. Ethanolic extract of leaves of Baccaurea ramiflora and Microcos paniculata was found to be nontoxic up to 5000 mg/kg body weight, so the LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight

Twenty AGR (wild African giant pouched rat) comprising of ten males and ten females were used for this study. The average weight of twenty adult African giant rats was observed to be 1058.42 ± 37.79g. The average weight of male and female AGR were observed to be 1210.00 ± 56.70g and 911.11 ± 24.50g respectively. The weight showed sexual dimorphism with the male significantly higher than the female. Gross anatomy and morphological studies of the parathyroid glands of the African giant rat revealed that parathyroid glands were two pairs situated in the lateral and inferior in position to the thyroid gland. Histological studies showed that the parathyroid glands were richly supplied with blood and the chief cells were abundant and arranged in form of cords throughout the glands. The chief cells were positive when stained with periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stain which showed that glycoprotein was present. Oxyphil cells were also present and were observed to be bigger and fewer than the chief cells.

This study aimed to determine the level of transformational leadership practices by school principals in the national secondary schools in the state of Perak, Malaysia. The four dimensions of transformational leadership studied were vision identification, modeling, goal acceptance and individual support. The study also looks at the level of organizational health as well as the relationship with the practice of transformational leadership by the national secondary school principals’. The respondents consisted of 445 teachers employed in 28 national secondary schools in the state of Perak, Malaysia. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Descriptive analysis and inferential analysis were used to analyze the influence of the relationship. The study found that school culture functions as a moderator in the relationship between the transformational leadership style of school principals’ and the organizational health of the secondary school teachers’ in the state of Perak, Malaysia. In addition, school culture as a moderator in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational health is a new discovery in the field of leadership. This is because the organizational health of secondary schools has never been investigated by local researchers. Most previous studies have highlighted transformational leadership and school culture has a direct influence on school improvement.

Lymph node swellings are a common clinical presentation in the hospital outpatient departments. Such swellings may be easily investigated by Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) which is safe and yields a rapid diagnosis. Moreover, in developing countries like India where Tuberculosis (TB) is a continual problem, patients frequently present with manifestation of extra pulmonary TB, in which Lymph nodes (LNTB) are predominantly involved. This study was undertaken to assess the cytological spectrum of lymph node pathologies in relation to age, sex and site, with special emphasis on tuberculous lymphadenitis. The study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of one year. All patients presenting with superficial lymph node swellings were subjected to Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and categorized according to the diagnosis, age and sex of patient. The data was entered in SPSS V.21 and analyzed. Of the 420 patients presenting with lymphadenopathy, 34.04% were LNTB (Granulomatous Lymphadenopathy) and rest were non LNTB. Among the LNTB 13.99% were children and 86.01 % were adults. Neck nodes (51.05%) were the predominant involvement of LNTB both among children and adults. The peak age group presenting with lymphadenopathies was 40-49.

Keratinophilic fungi are ecologically and epidemiologically significant group of fungi that cycle one of the most abundant and highly stable animal proteins on earth - keratin. Keratinophilic fungi exemplify a vast biodiversity of form, habitat and substrates. However, studies are rather meager in wetland agroecosystems and the present work has been undertaken to record the presence of keratinophilic fungi in a wetland agroecosystem in Kerala, India. Altogether, a total of 38 species of fungi comprising 22 genera were identified from the 120 soil samples collected from different areas of oil palm agricultural fields in the wetland agroecosystem from July 2015 to July 2016. A total of 11 fungi were recorded throughout the study irrespective of seasons. North East monsoon season fetched more fungi (30 species) followed by early summer (29 species), late summer (19 species) and south west monsoon season (18 species). It is clear from the results that soils of Vembanadu wetland agroecosystem provides ideal environment for the growth of keratinophilic fungi and dermatophytes which is be attributed to the high organic debris and keratinous substrates like rodent hair and feathers from birds and other animals and plant litter present in these soils. Thus the presence of these fungi which are human and animal pathogens are considered as bioindicators of environmental pollution with keratinous substrate which can pose risk of human and animal mycoses in the region.

The influence of temperature on the bioleaching of iron from silica sand with Aspergillus niger has been studied with three size fractions of silica sand: +120-212µm, +212-300µm, and +300-425µm over the temperature range 40 to 800C for several hours. The experimental data were fitted to the shrinking core model (ash layer diffusion control and chemical reaction control) and a mixed kinetic model that incorporates a multiplying factor, b. Optimal temperature for bioleaching was found to be 700C and the amount of iron leached increased with decreasing particle size, with +120- 212µm being the most effective particle size fraction. The shrinking core model with chemical reaction control and ash layer diffusion control failed to explain the effect of temperature on the kinetics of bioleaching. The mixed kinetic model with the multiplying factor b=0.2 gave a perfect fit to the experimental data after the second hour of bioleaching. At the early part of the bioleaching process where the mixed kinetic model failed, ash layer diffusion seemed to be in control. Based on our work, a staged bioreactor design that relies on the ash layer and mixed kinetics models may be required for the process.

In recent years, location of mobile devices has become an important factor. Location proof of a particular person relies on his/her mobile device position. One of the valuable features of the location proofs tells about accessing the location based services (LBS) by using mobile devices. Location based services allow users to access services based on the users geographical information. The service is mainly based on location proof which is given by the user and the presence of the user at the given location at a given time. We propose a witness oriented asserted location provenance framework by providing a witness and we also generate the cryptoID for each user. This is based on asserted location proof protocol (ALP). We preserve the location information of the user for a long time. Witness oriented application features a web-based service provider, a desktop-based location authority server, an Android-based user app, and a desktop-based auditor. The results show location proofs effectively, which significantly preserve the source location.

Survival and growth of business ventures is a key concern which is determined by varied factors. Entrepreneurship training has been identified as one factor that can play varied roles towards growth of micro and small enterprises across the world. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of four components of entrepreneurship training on business growth among micro and small enterprises in Kiambu County. The four components of entrepreneurship training to be studied are objectives, content, trainers’ competence/ attitudes and training delivery methods/presentation styles. The study was grounded in Blooms taxonomy and theory of planned behaviour. The study adopted mixed methods (both quantitative and qualitative) research design and applied a descriptive study design. The population for the study was 6,420 licensed MSEs operating in Ruiru Sub County. The study utilized stratified random sampling to select 382 respondents in main trading centres in each of the four administrative wards based on the nature of business they are involved. The study relied on primary data collected using questionnaires from owners and key employees of the selected micro and small enterprises. The data gathered were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The study found that entrepreneurship training components contributed to a certain extent towards business growth among the micro and small enterprises. The study thus recommends customization of entrepreneurship training programs and taking into consideration of the input of the owners and employees to improve its impact on the survival and growth of the business enterprises.

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) includes mouth breathing, snoring, upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS), and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Obstructive sleep apnoea is defined as 5 or more episodes of complete (apnoea) or partial (hypopnea) upper airway obstruction per hour of sleep. In this case report we are describing one such case of sleep apnoea where patient is treated using devices. Satisfactory results were acquired post appliance insertion in the patient thereby indicating that in moderate cases appliances can be used to manage sleep apnoea.

Healthcare system faced with a critical shortage of nursing faculty. One of the challenges faced by deans and directors of schools of nursing is to identify strategies that will encourage faculty to stay in academic. Establishing a clear relationship between these variables is vital to resolving the problem of faculty shortage. The literature review provides limited accounts of the various dimensions. The current study investigates the influence of workload, job satisfaction and role conflict on nursing faculty turnover in private schools of nursing of Lahore, Pakistan. The study was conducted in private schools of nursing and online questioner was floated. A quantitative, descriptive and correlational cross sectional study design was used for this study. The self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 122 nursing faculty of private schools of nursing of Lahore, Pakistan through simple random sampling. The data were collected by using questionnaires and used multiple regression analysis. The results of the current study reveal that workload and role conflict has significant and positive relationship with nursing faculty turnover and a job satisfaction has significant and negative relationship with nursing faculty turnover. Academic sector authorities should adopt these strategies to reduce the nursing faculty turnover in current position. Furthermore, limitations and recommendations are given in the last chapter.

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to analyze and to know: 1) To know more dominant Leadership Type applied leadership at Bank Indonesia Padang. 2) To know Motivation Work is more dominant Employees of Bank Indonesia Padang. 3) To know the more dominant Work Productivity for Employees of Bank Indonesia Padang. 4) To know the influence of leadership type and work motivation on work productivity of employees of Bank Indonesia Padang, either partially or simultaneously / simultaneously. Unit of analysis of employees of Bank Indonesia Padang. Population amounted to 85 people and the sample Samples taken using Model Lynch counted 44 people. The method of analysis is qualitative and quantitative methods. Quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient and continued with determination analysis (R square), Partial test of hypothesis (t test) and together (test F) with alpha 5% (0,05). Before analyzed first tested the instrument (questionnaire) with validity and reliability test and classical assumption. Result of research indicate that dominant indicator of leadership type is type of participative leader (25,84%) and dominant indicator of work motivation is primary requirement / maintaining life (20,65%). While on work productivity, maturity indicator think more dominant with contribution equal to 26,21%. The result of multiple linear regression analysis shows that the productivity of Employees of Bank Indonesia Padang is influenced by the leadership type which is 0.1840 points and the work motivation is only 0.4216 points. The result of determination analysis is 0.2383 or 23.83% that the variables of leadership type and work motivation can explain the work productivity of Bank Indonesia employees is 23.83% while the rest 76.17% is influenced by other variables. Types of leadership and work motivation have a positive and significant effect on employment productivity of Bank Indonesia employees Padang either partially or simultaneously.