Lower literacy of female in Pakistan is because of countless constraints such as, socioeconomic and spiritual issues. Females are anticipated to depart the relations one date by becoming married; consequently teaching girls are believed a commercial defeat by the parents. Therefore, parents are extra probable to teach their sons only. But unfortunately female literacy rate is extremely low in Pakistan. Women contain a bigger portion of Pakistani society. The population of the female is extra than as difference for men. Female educational literacy rate is low. Girls possess to face countless barriers, socioeconomic (Parental Occupation, Sibling size, Relations income) and spiritual factor (Extremist attitude towards female education) for their studies and upcoming career. Power and supplementary powers concern and give attention on women's education. This discovers is basically targeting the factors that are the main barriers to women's education.

A simple, rapid, specific, stability indicating method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Abacavir sulfate, Lamivudine and Dolutegravir sodium in pharmaceutical dosage form using RP-HPLC. The chromatographic separation was done using BDS column of dimensions 250mm x 4.6mm, 5m particle size with mobile phase consisting of potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer and acetonitrile in the ratio 45:55%v/v run on an isocratic mode of flow rate 1.0ml/min. The column oven temperature was maintained at 30ºC. The detection was done at a wavelength of 240nm. The developed method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines, evaluating accuracy, precision, ruggedness, robustness, LOD, LOQ, stability parameters and found to be within the limits. The method obeys Beer’s law in the concentration range of 150mg/ml – 900mg/ml for Abacavir, 75mg/ml – 450mg/ml for Lamivudine and 12.5mg/ml – 75mg/ml for Dolutegravir with correlation coefficients of 0.9999, 0.9996 and 0.9999 for the three drugs respectively. Forced degradation studies were conducted by exposing the standard drug solution to the various stressed conditions such as acidic, basic, oxidative, thermal, neutral and photolytic conditions. The net degradation for the drugs was found to be within the limits

Energy availability is a vital factor for the survival and optimal performance of industries worldwide. Energy deficit poses a serious threat to the optimal performance of industrial processes, industrial growth and economic development of any nation. Nigeria is blessed with abundant natural resources from which energy could be freely harnessed to meet the nation’s ever spiralling energy needs. Owing to various reasons some of which are pin-pointed here, however, Nigeria continues to suffer acute shortage of energy to power the manufacturing sector therefore hindering her industrial and economic development. The study seeks to investigate the impact of energy deficit on the overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) of selected manufacturing firms in Nigeria as well as suggest ways of using OEE to maximise energy and improve productivity. Data extracted from the sampled firms were used in the computation of the Availability (A), Performance (P), Product Quality (Q) and the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) applicable to each firm. The findings show that Nigeria must adopt vigorous steps to explore and exploit its abundant energy resources in other to achieve her dream of becoming an industrial giant in the nearest future.

Abstract: In this study, the effect of SiC reinforcement on the electrical, mechanical, physical properties and microstructure of copper matrix composite contact material was investigated. The composite materials were produced by using the powder metallurgy method. The unalloyed copper and SiC powder mixtures were shaped by using a uniaxial press after mixing for 10 minutes at 300 rpm. The shaped specimens were heat treated in graphite powder bad in a capped steel chamber and sintered at 800° C for 2 hours. Electrical conductivity, hardness, density measurements, microstructure analyzes and mineralogical analyzes of the samples were performed after sintering. The structure-property relationships of the produced monolithic and composite copper contact materials are discussed. It was determined that the value of electrical conductivity decreased with increasing amount of SiC phase, and hardness value increased compared to pure copper. Cu-SiC composites revealed better mechanical properties than monolithic copper contact materials.

This study aimed to evaluate the polymerization depths of two different bulk-fill posterior composite resins and a conventional posterior composite resin with the microhardness test and there with the in vitro cytotoxicity test. For the microhardness test, 10 samples were obtained for each group using Teflon molds. Microhardness values were measured from the top and bottom surfaces of each sample using the Vicker's microhardness test. For the cytotoxicity test, 12 samples were obtained for each group using Teflon molds. The extraction fluids of samples were obtained by incubating them at 37°C in RPMI 1640 medium for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay following incubation. The microhardness values of the top and bottom surfaces of composite resins were aligned as follows: Filtek Z550 Composite Resin > Filtek Bulk-Fill Posterior Composite Resin > Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill Composite Resin. The microhardness ratio of Filtek Z550 Composite Resin was found to be significantly higher than those of other composite resins when the bottom surface–top surface microhardness ratios were compared. The difference between the bottom surface–top surface microhardness ratios of the Filtek Bulk-Fill Posterior Composite Resin and the Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill Composite Resin was not statistically significant. However, all composite resins provided the recommended polymerization depth (≥80%). No statistically significant difference was observed between the cytotoxicity values of the composite resins after 24- and 48-h incubation. However, the Filtek Bulk-Fill Posterior Composite Resin showed a significantly higher cytotoxicity compared with the other groups after 72-h incubation. In addition, the cytotoxicity value obtained after 72-h incubation of the Filtek Bulk-Fill Posterior Composite Resin was significantly higher than the cytotoxicity values obtained after 24- and 48-h incubation. Although adequate polymerization depth was obtained in all study groups, the Filtek Bulk-Fill Posterior Composite Resin had significantly reduced cell viability after 72-h incubation.

Abstract: The instructional value of rubrics for promoting student learning and aiding teacher feedback to student performance has been studied extensively. This paper investigates the effects of rubrics in the ESL context; specially speaking and writing task assessment. Forty eight students attending an English Language undergraduate program at BAU, Mymensingh grouped into two as controlled group and experimental group participated in this study. Students’ performance at pre-test was compared with that of the post-test (with prior knowledge of rubrics only for experimental group). Statistical analysis paired sample t-test was used to compare the performance of the students on the use of rubrics at their posttest. Results showed that the rubric was perceived as useful for fostering the students’ speaking and writing development by guiding them through the stages of goal-setting, planning, self-monitoring and self-reflection. The paper also reports a significant impact of the rubrics use on students’ self-assessment.

A newer treatment modality for correction of anterior cross bite with use of acrylic occlusal splint with Z spring has been used, which is easy to fabricate, easy to use and require least patient cooperation. This article describes two cases treated with this appliance in mixed dentition and duration of the treatment noted in these patients.

Abstract: In this article we discussed on why Python require in Reinforcement Learning(RL). Python languages have a unique ecosystem, cultures and have their own philosophies. Python codes are available as open sources and Python community involvement with local, national and international events and it is helpful for new developers. Python have its wide array of open source code libraries, package management and ability to work well on platforms other than Windows OS. Finally, Python is great for deployment automation and web development and many non-developers are first introduced to the language and ecosystem while getting data analysis work done.

Perpetual preservation of what is remaining is more important than meticulous reconstruction of what is lost. Preservation and restoration of badly carious or broken tooth possess problems due insufficient remaining tooth support supragingivally and it demands skills and knowledge on different aspects of dentistry. Clinical crown lengthening procedure aim to increase supragingival tooth structure to help in restoration of such teeth. Present report describes preservation of broken tooth with surgical crown lengthening and post core restoration.

Abstract: Contamination due to petroleum hydrocarbons may result from many sources. In Mauritius, coastal sediment pollution results mostly from anthropogenic sources such as industrial activities and the sea activities, mainly at the harbour. While some authors affirmed that sea activities polluted the coastal sediments, and the concentration of pollutants was found to be higher in the harbour, likewise, an investigation was set to quantify the amount of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), ranging from C10 to C40, in the neighbouring coasts from the Mauritius harbour at Port-Louis and to determine its effect on the coastal ecosystems. Three coastal sites were selected, namely, Tombeau Bay (C-BDT), Pointe aux Sables (C-PAS) and Mer Rouge (C-MER). Results showed that the most polluted the coastal sediments was Pointe aux Sables (451 mg/kg) followed by Tombeau Bay and Mer Rouge (less than 66 mg/kg) both. Despite that the chemical properties of the sediments analysed were favourable for microbial biodiversity, results showed that there was a much richer microbial biodiversity in less contaminated sediments while greater microbial activity (respiration rate) in the contaminated environment, C-PAS. Given that the toxicity of TPH in soil was established at range greater than 1000 mg/kg, it was noted that despite the C-PAS site was the most polluted, it did not reach the permissible limit. However, due to the urbanisation and intensive use of the sea for ship activities, the concentration of the level of pollution due to TPH is expected to increase in the forthcoming years.

Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a non-neoplastic, tumor-like reactive lesion occurring exclusively on gingiva/alveolar crest. It is also known as giant cell epulis, osteoclastoma, giant cell reparative granuloma or giant cell hyperplasia. Clinically, it appear as pyogenic granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibroma and many other peripheral lesions seen in the oral cavity, thereby histopathology is mandatory for the diagnosis of this lesion. This article reports a peripheral giant cell granuloma arising at mandibular anterior region in a 50 years old male patient. The biopsy specimen revealed features consistent with PGCG.

Abstract: The legal profession is a noble profession. It is highly regulated, as such, there are several mechanisms put in place to ensure discipline in the legal profession. There are several bodies created by the Legal Practitioners Act to ensure discipline in the profession. This paper analyzes the various regulations and disciplinary mechanisms of legal practitioners in Nigeria. This includes, the various regulatory bodies, the conducts that attracts discipline, the disciplinary procedure and the various sanctions that can be imposed upon liability and draw a conclusion that discipline in the legal profession is disjointed and inadequate, aside the inefficiency created because of the overlapping roles of the regulatory bodies. The paper concludes that the present disciplinary mechanisms need overhauling.

Successful management of furcation involved (FI) teeth is still a challenge for clinicians. Multirooted teeth are at higher risk of periodontal destruction and early tooth loss due to their complex anatomy and posterior location in the arch. Maintenance of oral hygiene around furcation involved regions is difficult, resulting in early, rapid and severe periodontal destruction. The outcomes of conservative and regenerative therapies are unpredictable in such teeth. Resective periodontal therapy in combination with endodontic and prosthetic treatments, offers a more practical and predictable approach in management of such advanced FI teeth. This multidisciplinary approach not only treats and preserves the tooth along with its periodontium in part, but also restores its function as a whole. This case series presents bicuspidization, hemisection and root resection as resective periodontal therapy in the predictable and successful management of advanced grade II, grade III and grade IV FI teeth.

Abstract: In India where a rape is reported every 21 minutes, even the most horrific of them soon get forgotten while the victim’s memory is embedded with it forever. Violence against women is deeply entrenched in the feudal, patriarchal Indian society, where for the rapist, every woman is a fair game to play with and to safeguard their interests, and lawyers are playing a loyal role. This article makes an attempt to grasp the perspective of the lawyers both male and female regarding the rape law amendments that have taken place so far. It seeks to understand what changes the legal professionals think to be correct and what is incorrect with the system of judiciary. Also several specific rape cases have been involved including both popular and the forgotten rape cases to get an idea as to how far the criminal lawyers as a part of the legal system and handle rape cases very often, keep themselves updated with the happenings around the country. So much so has changed in the Indian law books to safeguard the interest of the women at home and outside the warmth of residence. But in implementation, has anything changed from Mathura rape case to Nirbhaya and beyond? This is the answer that this paper seeks to get from the side of the legal professionals as to grasp if they realize the loopholes of the criminal justice system or are they under the ignorant dilemma that aw is the ultimate tool a woman has to take up to get true justice.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of impacted third molars in terms of frequency, angulation, level of eruption and available retromolar space. In this retrospective study, a total of 402 OPGs were finalized. Pattern of impacted third molars was evaluated using WINTERS classification for the angulation and PELL & GREGORY classification for the level of eruption and available retromolar space. Among all the OPGs reviewed, third molar impaction was more prevalent in mandible than in maxilla. The most common angular position was mesioangular in mandible and vertical in maxilla. The most common level of eruption was Position B i.e. the highest position of impacted third molar was located below the occlusal plane but above the cervical line of adjacent second molar. Majority of third molars were impacted at less than adequate space. The current study revealed that the most frequent pattern of impaction according to PELL & GREGORY classification was Class 2B followed by Class 1C.