Stability Indicating UV-spectrophotometric analytical method validation for the estimation of Quetiapine fumarate have already been reported, but no studies reported so far include the application of Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) concept to the development of a comprehensive analytical UV-method for the analysis of model drug (Quetiapine fumatrate). In the present work, a simple, economic and sensitive UV spectrophotometric method has been developed using AQbD approach for the quantitative estimation of Quetiapine fumarate in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms i.e. tablets. The estimation of drug was done at 242 nm in simulated nasal fluid (SNF) using UV-Visible double beam spectrophotometer. In the developed method, linearity over the concentration range of 4-24μg/ml of QP was observed and was found in agreement of Beer’s law. The linear regression was found to be 0.999. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and recovery studies confirmed the accuracy of the proposed method. The precision (intra-day & inter-day) of method was found within limits (RSD < 2%). The sensitivity of the method was assessed by determining limit of detection and limit of quantification. The method was found to be repeatable as well as robust. The percentage of QP in the marketed formulation (Qutipin-100) was observed to be 99.46%. It could be concluded from the results obtained in the present investigation that the method for estimation of Quetiapine fumarate in pure form and in pharmaceutical dosage form is simple, rapid, accurate, precise and economical and can be used, successfully, in the quality control of pharmaceutical formulations and other routine laboratory analysis

There is dearth of information on the gene frequencies of ABO and Rhesus blood groups, secretor status, PTC taste perception and haemoglobin variants in Osun State, Nigeria and previous studies have been based on heterogeneous population. We wanted to have information on the frequency distributions of these traits in Osun State and among a homogeneous population. A total of 555 individuals comprising 308 male and 247 female indigenes of Ore community participated in this study. Participants’ blood samples were typed for ABO, Rhesus blood groups and haemoglobin genotype, saliva samples were analysed for ABH secretory status and PTC taste perception was determined using PTC strips. The frequencies of O, A, B and AB individuals were 41.6%, 30.8%, 21.6% and 6.0% respectively, those of Rh positive and Rh negative were 89.9% and 10.1%, those of secretors and non-secretors were 69.2% and 30.8% respectively while those of tasters and non-tasters were 56.6% and 43.4% respectively. The observed ABO blood group, Rhesus factor, secretor status, PTC taste perception distributions did not differ significantly (p = 0.986, p = 0.943, p = 0.926, p = 0.864 respectively) from those expected under the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The allelic frequencies for ABO were p(A) 0.205, p(B) 0.149 p(r) 0.645, those for Rhesus factor were D(0.682) and d(0.318), those for secretion and non-secretion were Se (0.445) and se(0.555) respectively while those of tasting and non-tasting were T(0.341) and t(0.659) respectively. Four haemoglobin genotypes in the order AA (68.6%) > AS (26.7%) > AC (3.8%) > SS (0.9%) were observed with allelic frequencies A(0.839), S(0.142) and C(0.019). This study has provided information on the frequency distributions of the studied genetic indices in Osun State. The information provided herein can be used to give medical and genetic counsel to the people of the State.

Epidermoid cysts of the floor of the mouth are rare lesions thought to be caused by entrapment of epithelial remnants during embryonic fusion. We present the case of large epidermoid cyst with an oral and a submental component in a 71-year-old male who presented with complaints of a mass in the oral cavity and difficulty in chewing and swallowing solid foods for about 2 years. C.T. Scan shows a 110x55x70mm well-circumscribed cystic mass extending from the sublingual area to the mylohyoid muscle. Extra oral approach was used as the tumor was bulky, whole cyst was removed in toto. We are presenting this case because of the giant size of the cyst and the dilemma in surgical approach to the cyst.

No parent is born a parent rather parenting is a process wherein a parent grows from an individual state to being a parent. Parents shape a child’s whole childhood and in the process of shaping ‘play’ occupies a major role and it fosters the parent child relationship. Play in childhood doesn’t just reflect the current level of development in the child but rather it seems to take forward its effect throughout the life of the child and helps parents understand the child’s perspective easily. For a child, play is not just a play but it is a way of self expression. Playing with the child gives child a sense of being important to the parent this later facilitates a sense of optimism in the child. Being a parent is never an easy role to go about, it calls for a lot of effort often parents are torn between the parenting roles and professional role. Especially in the Indian scenario parents playing with their kids are often valued less and it is not considered as an important element in child development. The advent of technology too has a very important role to contribute to the devaluing of play in today’s world.

Meloxicam is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and having multiple pharmacological activities have been reported. In the present article involve the development of chitosan nanoparticles of meloxicam and have been subjected to stability test at various pH, drug release study, in vivo pharmacokinetics in wistar rats, and investigated the decreasing the growth of colon cancer cells. Chitosan nanoparticles of meloxicam such as F1 and F2 have shown anticancer activity against HT29 cell lines. Furthermore,. The nanoparticles were in the size range between 170 nm and 220 nm. The oral absorption of nanoparticles were quite higher than the meloxicam alone. Therefore the prepared nanoparticles formulations were showed better activity than meloxicam alone

Pakistan is a low income country and the development of agriculture is its most important sector, due to its major commitments Provide healthy food for people. In the past 60 years, the aquaculture area in Pakistan has increased.40%, the rise of the more than 4 period of the masses and the seven times that of the urban development arousing the growing pressure on the cultivated land. Although the yield of wheat has increased by five times, the country is but it's marginal importer. Because of the public's development, the gap between food demands has narrowed to an unbelievable level. Domestic grain production. To deal with food protection in Pakistan needs to know about agriculture (Malik, 2015).

The aim of this study was to formulate a novel non-effervescent gastro-floating drug delivery system of metronidazole using non-effervescent (sublimation and sintering) technique. Granules were prepared by wet granulation technique using varying concentration of Grewia mollis gum; 2,4,6,8% w/w admixed with 1%w/w acrylate methacrylate copolymer (Eudragit® RL100) and extra 2%w/w batch without the addition of Eudragit® RL100. Ammonium bicarbonate (30%w/w) was used as the sublimating agent. The granules were characterized for micromeritic properties. Thereafter, the granules were compressed at 30 units on the arbitrary scale load of a single punch tableting machine and the physicotechnical properties were determined. The metronidazole tablet was then sintered at 70oC for 12 h. Drug-excipient compatibility study was done using Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR). All granules were free flowing and compressible. The metronidazole tablets had no floating lag time showing that tablets floated instantaneously. The in vitro buoyancy test of metronidazole tablet formulated using varying concentrations of Grewia mollis gum and Eudragit® RL100 was > 12 hr. The % maximum release (m∞) and time to achieve it i.e. (t∞) for metronidazole tablets were ≥88% and≥10 h respectively. FTIR studies showed that the excipients and the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) i.e. metronidazole were compatible. Grewia mollis gum has been investigated in the formulation of gastroretentive floating matrix tablet of metronidazole using sublimation and sintering technique (Non-effervescent method) which may find useful application in sustained release drug delivery particularly for drugs with short biological half-life that require frequent administration.

This research aims to know the influence of work environment and work discipline to teacher performance SMP N 247 Jakarta. The object for this research is teacher at SMP N 247 Jakarta. This research was done to 32 respondents by using quantitative descriptive approach. Thus data analysis which is used is statistic analysis in the form of double linear regression test. The result of this research shows that either simultaneously or partially, the variable of work environment and work discipline to teacher performance SMP Ni 247 Jakarta. It has been proven from the result of (f) simultaneously test and the result of (t) partial shows significant point of two independent variables that supports hipothesys. Therefore, the accepted assumption is, there is influence between work environment and work discipline to teacher performance SMP N 247 Jakarta.

Safe administration of parenteral medication is very important for the quality care of patient and it is very important for the cure of disease and promoting client health. Every individual nurse should know about the importance of safe administration of parenteral medication and should have enough knowledge to perform safe practice. To assess the knowledge of nurses regarding safe administration of medication. A cross sectional descriptive study design was used in this research project for assessing the knowledge of nurses about safe administration of parenteral medication, the sample size was 200 nurses which are selected from Punjab institute of cardiology randomly and the data was collected from the participants through self-administered questionnaire. It is reveled from the study that 99.5% of the participants was female while only 0.5% are male, 47% of the participants were belong to age group 35-45 years of age and 56% of the nurses were strongly agree to the safe administration of parenteral medication. Study participants have enough knowledge regarding the safe administration of parenteral medicine

This paper reports obtaining of useful and highly value materials from wheat bran. For this purpose, wheat bran sample was burned for 30 s using Nd: YAG laser with output power 60 W. The product of synthesis process and non-burned wheat bran were characterized by x-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive xray (EDX) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) so as to investigate its crystal structure and chemical components. XRD results of the sample before burning process revealed amorphous silica, cubic phase of silicon carbide and rhombohedral phase of carbon. The obtained results showed that burning process using Nd: YAG laser can convert the cubic structure of silicon carbide into hexagonal and rhombohedral structure and convert rhombohedral structure of carbon into hexagonal structure; also it revealed a monoclinic structure of silica after burning. FTIR showed a number of absorbance peaks assigned to silica and silicon carbide.

This paper centres on the appraisal of leadership styles in the public sector and its effect on productivity. The objective is to evaluate the leadership style practiced in the public sector and to ascertain whether or not it has significant role in the degree of efficiency or inefficiency in the sector. A study was conducted into the books of notable authors written on leadership and management and selected ideas are compiled in this paper report. Data used for analysis were collected through questionnaires and interview conducted. Analysis revealed that there is no one specific leadership style that is best for all situations and that the public sector is inefficient resulting in poor productivity. Finally, having discovered that leadership is an indispensable tool in any organization, the paper report therefore ended with recommendations pointing to the fact that leadership should employ any available leadership style that will be appropriate at any given instance and also motivate their subordinates in order to fulfill the goals of their organization.

Semi-structured questionnaire matrix was used to assess the discernment of participants of sandwich education programs on the programs in five of Nigerian universities. Results revealed that the sandwich system was readily accepted. Participants were of diverse socio-economic classes thus suggesting that the program is accessible to all. Employment was the dominant factor that deprived respondents from regular studentship. The mode of operations and quality of lecture delivery in the programs were comparable to those of the regular programs. The same entry requirements, curricula and personnel, assessment methods, disciplinary measures, welfare services and certificates were awarded. Same recognitions were accorded to the degrees awarded. The tuition fees paid by the sandwich students were higher than those of the regular programs, learning was more stressful and hostel accommodations were indecent and costly. Interactions with other students were poor due to gross lack of time. However, the program constitutes an avenue for self improvement as it offers opportunity to combine work with study. It also offers opportunity for provision of fund to finance the study and enhance participant personal traits such as time management skills, goals setting and hard working abilities.

Mucilage can be extracted from various plants and microorganisms. It is said to be a Polar glycoprotein and exo polysaccharide. In this article we compare different isolation techniques of mucilage and compare their characteristics such as their physical nature, solubility, chemical properties, Total Ash percentage, percentage yield etc. Isolation of mucilage techniques vary from one another with accordance to the presence of mucilage in different parts of a plant such as stem, leaves, fruit, seed etc. After detailed study of these different types of mucilage of various families we could identify that all types of mucilage had presence of carbohydrates in it and all gave positive results to Molisch tests and ruthenium red test. The pH range of all these types of mucilage was found to be in the range of 6.2-6.6.All the types of mucilage have a characteristic odor. All the types of mucilage extracted from the selected plants are edible and also can be utilized as a glue. By detailed study of these plants from various families we can conclude that there are similarities among them with regard to their mucilage and the mucilage extracted from each and every plant has a characteristic utility in pharmaceutical area as it can be used as thickening, binding, disintegrating, suspending, emulsifying, stabilizing and gelling agents. They have also been used as matrices for sustained and controlled release of drugs

The research entitled as “The perception of teachers for the creation of conducive environment in classroom at early childhood education” was conducted in the private schools of District “Swabi” (A very well-known education city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan) with objectives to inquire various concepts of conducive classroom environment at ECE level and observe the perception of teachers about creating a conducive environment in class room at ECE level. Total number of ten (10) private schools, where Early Childhood Education (ECE) undergoes, were selected. From each school five (05) teachers concerned with ECE were interviewed. Thus total fifty (50) number of teachers were sampled. A very simple structured questionnaire was planned with questions about ECE. Each question was optioned as „Strongly Agree‟, „Agree‟, „Disagree‟, Strongly Disagree‟ and „don‟t know‟. From the research work, it is concluded that ECE is the first stage of education. At this level the child should be treated with love and kindness and will be facilitated appropriately to improve child‟s learning abilities and improve a child mentally socially and intellectually. Motivation and conducive environment in the class room could lead to better development and learning process. Play way method, use of A.V aids and group working could better improve the child learning abilities.

India has a strong judicial framework to safeguard people‟s rights, however it is still has a lot of problems of infringement and enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). IPR exists in every innovation, but if it gets infringed, can result into infinite business loss for the original creator considering the loss of revenue and human intellect. Hence, it is important for businesses to know and understand the value of IPR, manage them appropriately, protect them adequately to safeguard their investments and efforts and reap the deserved benefits for their own work. Though concern has always been expressed about losses and unfair practices, the recent years have witnessed the lax in protection of IPR. It is advised that by adopting right policies and strategies, IPR can be effectively protected with the help of law enforcement. Be it an individual organization, an industry or even as a nation, IPR as a strategic marketing tool has the potential to create the future where brand, technology, service, people everything can together and become a force for development and market leadership. The scope of IPR is expanding very fast and attempts are being made by original creators to seek protection for their intellectual work. It is also important to understand the enforcement measures available for protecting one‟s business or individual creations. This paper discusses the mode of acquisition, nature of rights, commercial exploitation, enforcement of those rights and protection available against infringement of IPR in India with relevant suggestions for organizations to implement and practice.