Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a form of community empowerment sustainably implemented by the private sector which is believed to be a strategic approach in an effort to alleviate poverty in Indonesia. Implementation of community-based CSR policy has been also carried out by Semen Bosowa Maros (SBM) Ltd. The main area targeted as community-based CSR is the operational area of PT. SBM in the village of the District Baruga Bantimurung Maros. This study aimed to analyze the determinant factors of policy implementation of CSR Semen Bosowa Maros in sustainably improving the community empowerment of Baruga village. The study took place in the operational area of SBM Ltd. in Baruga village applying qualitative research with a case study approach. Sources of data in the study consisted of primary and secondary data. The study concluded that determinant factors in policy implementation of CSR SBM Ltd. in increasing community empowerment in Baruga village are factor of support policy makers, resources availability, support policy implementor, and community participation.

The legitimacy of criminal law is essential and ambiguous foundation of the criminal system. The notion of legitimacy should be legally grounded. The law has to be rightful and its applications needs to be legitimate. The controversy legitimizing criminal law has become an issue not only among politicians and lawyers, but also among academicians. This study has investigated the legitimacy of the criminal law. The study also investigated the relationship between constitution and legitimacy of the criminal law. The findings indicated that constitution is an essential component of criminal law legitimacy. The authorities to legitimize their decisions need to abide by the written constitution of the country. This study also investigated the important of communication and interaction between components of society to comprehend the legitimacy of the criminal law. The legitimacy of the criminal law is also important to overcome conflicts and crises. This study identified that law enforcement does not resolve criminal issues as a whole, but it’s an instrument to minimize the danger of its escalation. It will help the law enforcement to be respected and considered by the wider society

A huge malignant tumour of breast for radiologists turned out to be a rare benign tumour. An ordinary tumour in an extra ordinary location in 80 year old female! Pleomorphic adenoma in breast was mistaken for a malignant tumour and radical surgery was performed. Hence, clinicians, radiologists and pathologists should be aware of this rare tumour and its clinical, mammographic and variable histological appearances, in order to avoid misdiagnosis and an unwarranted radical surgery.

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are scantly reported with poor contribution by healthcare professionals worldwide and in particular in developing countries. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and awareness of ADRs reporting and pharmacovigilance system among doctors and nurses in KLEs Tertiary care hospital Belagavi. A questionnaire was designed addressing; awareness of ADRs, knowledge of pharmacovigilance system, availability of ADRs reporting system. The questionnaire was distribute to doctors (n=160) and nurses (n=140) working in hospital. Completed questionnaires were collected, data were analyzed and data were expressed in number as well as percentage. Of the 300 questionnaires circulated, a total of 107 doctors and 107 nurses responded. The percent of the respondents who accepted to enroll in the study was 66.8% of doctors and 76.4% of nurses. Most of the respondents were unable to correctly define the pharmacovigilance term, but they were aware of ADRs. The awareness of the national pharmacovigilance system among doctors was 32.5% and nurses were 37.9%. (42.5%) doctors and (54.3%) nurses follow the reporting system to pharmagovigilance center. Our study has demonstrated a lack of knowledge and awareness of pharmacovigilance and ADRs reporting among healthcare professionals in hospitals. The poor knowledge of ADRs reporting emphasized the urgent need to implement the appropriate strategies to improve the awareness ofpharmacovigilance practices and ADRs reporting in our hospitals

Lupus Miliaris Disseminatus Faciei is an idiopathic granulomatous skin disease affecting the face. It is also called as Acne agminata or Facial idiopathic granulomas with regressive evolution. It has a predilection for lower eyelids, forehead, nasolabial folds and perioral areas. Caseating as well as non- caseating epithelioid cell granulomas are identified on histopathological examination therefore differentials such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, granulomatous rosacea and other granulomatous disorders should be ruled out. A thirteen year old female presented with multiple papules perinasally and periorally around chin. A skin biopsy was performed from the lesion and sent for histopathological examination. On microscopic examination, a granulomatous reaction pattern was seen in the dermis. X-ray chest was unremarkable. Mantoux test was negative. Apple- jelly nodule like appearance was observed on diascopy. A diagnosis of LMDF was rendered on histopathology after clinical correlation. The diagnosis of LMDF should be kept in mind in case of papular eruptions on face not responding to antitubercular treatment. Mainstay of treatment is tetracycline and oral isotretinoin.

The effects of the financial crisis in America, which happened to be spoken as one of the most advanced countries, spread from there to the other countries of the world and none were spared of its effects. For some of the countries, the effect was immediate whereas in some much smaller countries the effect was slow to come. One of the countries that have been lately affected by this is the Sultanate of Oman. This is a small high income economy that is highly dependent on its oil resources. It is a small member of the OPEC (Organization of Petroliam Exporting Countries) oil-cartel with a share of only 0.4% of the world‘s proven oil stocks and 1% of the world production according to the EIU (Economist Intelligent Unit), CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) World fact book. This reflects the needs for carrying out policy changes in order to increase its exports and imports as well as to adopt measures whereby a diversification should be seen on its sources of revenue. Effective trade policies which shall include Omanization, promotion of the tax policy and improving both the SME (Small & Medium Enterprises) as well as the tourism industry shall help in the long run to nullify or reduce the negative impacts of the crisis. Further, if modernization in the existing political system is brought about and the investment by other countries, along with promotion of its own cottage industries like production of the Omani Halva, Date processing and Oudh and Frankincense export increased little if not much can help achieve to turn around the present scenario.

Streptococci cause a diverse array of infections. Changing trends in Streptococci causing invasive disease was noticed. This analysis aims to elucidate epidemiological trends amongst various invasive streptococcal diseases (IPD). Surveillance data was abstracted from the Electronic microbiology System for confirmed cases of alpha and Beta-hemolytic streptococci. A total of 91 isolates of streptococci were included. Streptococcus mitis 23 (23.9 %), was the most common isolate followed by Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B) 20 (20.8%) Streptococcus pneumoniae 14 (14.5%) Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A) 7 (7.29%), Streptococcus salivarius 7 (7.29%) and 20other different streptococcal species including (Streptococcus gordonii 5 (5.2%), Streptococcus parasanguinis5 (5.2%), Streptococcus sanguinis 4 (4.1%) Streptococcus species 1 (1%) Streptococcus anginosus 1 (1%), Streptococcus gallolyticus 1(1%), Streptococcus infantarius 1 (1%), Streptococcus intermedius 1 (1%), Streptococcus thermophilus 1 (1%)). Of 91 isolates identified cases of invasive disease, Children ≥1-5 years had the highest incidence for Invasive streptococcal disease (20.4%), Among the IPD, Bacteremia was the most frequently reported clinical manifestation for 64 (70.3%), followed by Invasive soft tissue infection 18 (19.7%) then meningitis 9 (9.8%). There is high prevalence of invasive disease in the study population.

The policy on the management of Industrial Forest Plantation (HTI) is a great opportunity for the local government of North Gorontalo Regency to develop the potential and quality of forest resources. This study aims to examine the impact of government policies on the management of Industrial Forest Plantation for indigenous peoples in North Gorontalo District. Data collection methods are carried out through survey stages, namely field observations, interviews and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) activities with stakeholders. The results obtained that the Industrial Plantation Forest policy on the one hand have a positive impact, but on the other hand have a negative impact. The positive impact is that it can spur regional and rural economic growth and open jobs to overcome unemployment. In addition, the negative impact is a decrease in community agricultural yields and interventions in the utilization of forest products. It is suggested that the regional government provide assistance and supervision on the policies of Industrial Plantation Forests which cover the ownership of Industrial Plantation Forests and community lands. So that the community has certainty about structuring the HTI work area, and the community can actively participate without causing conflict.

The first successful nephrectomy was performed by the German surgeon Gustav Simon on August 2, 1869 in Heidelberg. There are various indications for this procedure, such as renal cell carcinoma, a non-functioning kidney (which may cause high blood pressure) and a congenitally small kidney. Study period was between June 2014 and March 2018. Total nephrectomies done during this period were 146. Nephrectomies constituted 0.94 % of all the specimens received. Among them 94 were males and 52 were females constituting 64.4 % males and 35.6 % females respectively. In this study, among the 146 nephrectomies, majority was non-neoplastic lesions (114 cases) and 32 cases were neoplastic lesions. Among the 19 cases of renal cell carcinoma, majority cases were of clear cell pattern (8 cases), clear cell with papillary pattern, clear cells with anaplastic areas, chromophil type and chromophobe type, renal cell carcinoma –sarcomatoid variant. Occurrence of various pathological conditions such as infective, inflammatory and neoplastic lesions is common and incidental. Early diagnosis and treatment of the infective and inflammatory conditions will save the kidneys. In case of neoplastic lesions early identification of clinical features and proper usage of various diagnostic modalities will limit the Nephrectomies.

This paper deals with a specific and rarely studied issue of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the field of international judicial cooperation in criminal matters. This is the common problem of successfully working with declarations to multilateral legal instruments. In view of this, the aim of my presentation is to find better solutions to this problem by identifying and correcting basic mistakes and unjustifiable omissions in making use of such declarations. For this purpose special attention is given, initially, to the hierarchy of legal instruments: domestic law and international agreements. It is well-known that in Civil Law (Continental-European, Latin) countries, international agreements are applicable directly, without any enabling legislation, and override domestic law which contradicts them. The priority of such agreements is indisputable in such countries. Belonging to this group of countries, Bosnia and Herzegovina makes no exception. As a result, where Bosnia and Herzegovina is a Party to some international agreement, it cannot unilaterally change anything in this agreement: either by means of its domestic law or in any other way. However, when the international agreement is a multilateral convention, Bosnia and Herzegovina is in the position to unilaterally modify it. The sole and irreplaceable means to reach this goal is a reservation or in some sense a declaration to the multilateral convention. Nevertheless, there are cases where the legislation of this country has not taken into consideration the inability of its own domestic law to change multilateral conventions. This makes it necessary to discuss those cases and explain the need of resorting to declarations, in particular, for the purpose of producing the desired result.

India has the World’s largest burden of tuberculosis and approximately 15- 20% of these cases have extrapulmonary disease (EPTB). The diagnosis of tuberculosis from tissue specimens is usually made by histopathological examination (HPE). However, histopathology does not always give specific findings and needs more than one week for final reporting. In 2013, WHO endorsed Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the rapid diagnosis of EPTB. In the present study the efficacy of this assay to diagnose tuberculosis from tissue specimens was assessed, taking composite reference standard (CRS) as reference standard. A total of 63 consecutive specimens of EPTB (June 2016 to May 2017), one showed the growth of non-tubercular mycobacterium on culture and was excluded from the study. Among the remaining 62 specimens, the most common were female genitourinary specimens (endometrial biopsies)- 30.64%, followed by vertebral tissue 29.03% and bone tissue 9.68%. The positivity shown by smear microscopy and HPE was 12.9% each, culture 14.52% and Xpert MTB/RIF assay 32.26%. The sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF assay in comparison to culture were 100% and 79.25% respectively. Whereas, CRS which includes smear microscopy, culture, histopathological, clinical and radiological findings, as reference standard, Xpert MTB/RIF assay showed sensitivity 64.52%, specificity 100%. This study suggests that Xpert MTB/RIF assay has good diagnostic potential for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis in tissue specimens, which could help in the timely initiation of antitubercular treatment and prevention of progression to irreversible changes.

PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero) unit Jakarta Bintaro Jaya 1 is a branch under the coordination of Regional V Jakarta 3 area of Jakarta beautiful cottage consisting of 12 units of micro office. Where this Bank has a commitment to provide ease of credit distribution as additional business capital for UM or UMKM entrepreneurs. More than 80 percent of business units in Indonesia are UM/UMKM. During the period of 5 years (2010-2014) the provision of UM/UMKM credit has decreased. In addition, the number of non-performing loans (NPLs) from the UM/UMKM sector has increased significantly. The relationship quality management (CRM) index has declined over the last five years, so there needs to be an effort to improve relationship quality (CRM) and service quality. Thus it will be able to improve the image of banking (brand image) so that the bank can build and maintain customer loyalty (customer loyalty). The purpose of this research is to develop brand image and customer loyalty with CRM and service quality). Analytical unit of micro credit business loan debtor, population 558 and samples 85 customers with slovin technique. Analysis method with quantitative analysis. Analysis technique with Path analysis with 2 sub-structures, followed by determination analysis (R Square), Partial test of hypothesis (t test) and simultaneous (F test) with alpha 5 percent. Before the analysis with multiple linear regression first in the test of research questionnaire with validity and reliability test and classical assumption. SPSS version 22.0 analysis tool. The result of this research is that Customer Relationship Management and Service Quality have an effect on Brand Image and Customer Loyalty either partially or simultaneously. Brand Image and Customer Loyalty are still influenced by other variables apart from Customer Relationship Management and Service Quality, therefore further research is needed.

Synovial sarcoma is a translocation associated sarcoma characterized by SS18 – SSX1/2 fusion. It is one of the common adult soft tissue sarcomas predominantly affecting lower extremities. In resource poor settings, exact characterization by molecular methods may not be feasible always. In our study we attempted to study the clinical profile, histomorphology and immunoprofile of cases diagnosed as synovial sarcomas. Forty two cases diagnosed as synovial sarcomas based of presentation, histomorphology and immunopanel were analysed .The median age of presentation was 26 years with male to female ratio of 1.5:1. Majority of the sarcomas were of monophasic type (83%) with predominant hemangiopericytomatous pattern (67%) followed by fascicular pattern (48%). Tumor size was greater in adults older than 20 years when compared to younger age group. Tumors with large areas of calcification were seen with significantly low mitotic index.

The client M.H was 23 years old male, referred by his psychologist for the management of his addiction that he sniff and injects heroin, aggressive behavior, restless and body pain. An assessment was done through Clinical interview, Behavioral observation, Subjective ratings, Anger scale and Mental Status Examination which results shows the client was orientated to person, place and time. Other subjective ratings like aggressive behavior of client which he rate on 10 scale and insight about addiction on 5. The client was diagnosed with “other (or Unknown) Substance Withdrawal”. Different management techniques were used like, Distraction techniques, Psychoeducation and Disease concept were given to the client. The overall response toward therapeutic intervention was productive. Total number of 10 sessions was done with the client

The exploration of antibiotic and antiseptic resistance in the hospitals are happened by various reasons including continuous usage of same antiseptics and disinfectants for surface cleaning, inappropriate and misuse of antimicrobials, No follow up of the patients and discontinuation of the course of drugs. This may create a demand for new and long term effective drugs against antibiotic resistance. Comparing to the chemicaly fabricated drugs, metals are considered as the better choice of replacement. From the ancient times, the basic understanding of antimicrobial properties of metal particles like silver, mercury, copper and arsenic are quite available in practice; but their scientific evidences are lacking. Thus this study may provide some information related to the determination of in vitro antibacterial activity of various concentrations of silver solution against several bacterial pathogens isolated from wounds. The evident record of this study highlighted that 10-2 mM silver solution showed maximum bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Providencia rettigeri and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 17mm, 16mm and 16mm inhibitory zone respectively. Other test bacterial species also inhibited but not upto the mark. We may recommend the high concentration of silver solution in the form of antiseptic spray as surface bactericidal mask for wound management.