The Kaizen concept introduced to the world by Imai is a resource that can be used for improvement anywhere. The benefits of this concept are immense, especially for developing countries, as the investment costs considered zero or minimal. Thus, the concept has now spread to the East and the West with many academic studies. However, it is doubtful whether this concept has been used to the fullest as the concept is based on the Japanese socio-economic background. Furthermore, this concept emerges especially in a context where middle management is seen as the driving force. Similarly, a centralised thought pattern can be seen throughout East Asia. The mediation procedure is the way of thinking of Asians. That may be due to their inspiration from Buddhist philosophy from 5 B.C. onwards. This study aims to consider how the Kaizen concept adapts to different organisational structures. The study further explores what needs to be done at the middle management level to maximise the Kaizen concept. However, this study is limited to conceptualisation. Here especially, the triangular organisational structure model and the smooth curve are used for analysis. For in-depth analysis uses positive and negative skewness. This study revealed that the Kaizen concept is satisfied in different ways within tall, flat and symmetrical organisational structures. Accordingly, it became clear that the Kaizen concept in a symmetrical organisational structure would satisfy middle management. It was further demonstrated that the introduction of Kaizen as negative skew and positive skew in high and flat organisational structures, respectively, can satisfy it in middle management. Thus, it is clear that the concept of Kaizen has the potential to be more effective in introducing the organisational structure in particular than in general. However, since this conceptualisation is done more simply, I suggest that further mathematical analysis is appropriate for this.

Background: Even though skin cancer is a cancer, increasing incidence in whole world, the disease can be prevented by improving protective behaviors across it. However, individuals' attitudes and beliefs about the subject ought to be evaluated to improve skin cancer prevention behaviors of the individuals firstly. Aim of this study was to develop Skin Cancer Scale based on the Health Belief Model in order to assess attitudes and beliefs about skin cancer. Methods: This methodological study included 465 randomly selected university students who educated seven different department of a university. Data were collected with a socio-demographic form and 42 items daft scale of Health Belied Model Scale in Skin Cancer. Experts’ opinions and pre-test were obtained for content validity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed for construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient and test-retest correlation coefficients were calculated for reliability. Results: The internal consistency reliability coefficient of this scale was 0.86 and the item - total score correlation coefficients changed between 0.32 and 0.66. According to EFA; factor loads ranged from 0.45 to 0.86, the 26-items were divided into five sub-dimensions. To CFA, model fit indexes of the scale were found as x2 / df ratio: 2.391, the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA): 0.055, the Good¬ness of Fit Index (GFI): 0. 901, the Tucker-Lewis İndex (TLI): 0.913 and the Comparative Fit Index (CFI): 0.925. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.87 for the whole scale. Conclusions: The results of the study indicated that The Health Belief Model Scale in Skin Cancer is a reliable and valid scale to measure the attitudes and beliefs about skin cancer.

This work is an analysis of English nominal structures in selected editorials of Thisday Newspaper. It aimed to analyze the structure of noun phrases in the editorial, examine the functions of the noun phrases identified in the editorials in which they occur, determine the form of noun phrase that is commonly used in the editorials of Thisday newspaper and to establish if the form of noun phrases as used in the editorials affect the understanding and interpretation of the editorials. To achieve these aims, the first nominal group in each of the paragraphs of the editorials was selected for analysis using the Experiential and Logical Function Model of Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) theory. The analysis revealed that the nominal groups have both logical and experiential functions in the text. It, also, reveals that the form of the nominal group that is most commonly used in the editorials of Thisday newspaper is MH and MHQ. The study established that the frequency of nouns in the editorials indicate high information density, therefore, the presence of complex nominal group structures in the editorials indicate information density in such editorials. This high information density allows for higher understanding of the editorials. More so, the research shows that the use of modifiers in the nominal group structure helps the readers to gain fast and direct access to information transmitted in the editorials. Based on the analysis carried out, this study concludes that the forms of nominal groups used in the editorials as well as the frequency of their usage affect the understanding and interpretation of the editorials either positively or negatively depending on whether the form is complex and frequently used or not complex and frequently used as the case may be.

Canadian Extradition Law. Recent defence application in case of Meng Wanzhou to adduce evidence denied. What is the Canadian extradition process and what evidence can either side rely upon? What are the judge’s powers and how have limitations on these powers led to injustice in extradition cases? The review of the Diab case by Murray Segal exonerated IAG from any wrongdoing, but where does this leave the law? The current system is not working, and the law and the role of the IAG must be changed.

In this study, previous studies on effective school management were reviewed. An effective school administrator emphasizes success at school, creates a positive atmosphere at school, monitors students in terms of success and ethical values, and develops new strategies in teaching. Organizational culture in school encompasses rules, values, and beliefs. Acting in accordance with the mission and vision of the school contributes to the organizational culture. A positive relationship was found between organizational culture and motivation in effective schools. The main feature that distinguishes a school from other schools is the school culture. This culture is important in the formation of corporate identity. In a study on the future plans of school administrators regarding the solutions for existing problems in school management, it has been determined that the curriculum is renewed in schools, the number of theoretical lessons is reduced, the practical-skill lessons are increased, and innovative practices are included. Merit is important to give importance to career planning. One of the most important features of effective school management is the effective participation of teachers in school management. In order to ensure a high level of active participation, the effective school culture can be listed as valuing the ideas of teachers, justice, having competent managers, communication skills, sincerity, honesty, efficient working, and following the rules. In a study on effective school characteristics, the most important feature came to the fore as school success. The personality traits of the school principal have been another remarkable element of the effective school. Expertise and sense of duty are emphasized for teachers working in effective schools. Another feature of an effective school is that parents have strong school-family relations. The most important features of successful school culture are the selection of people who have managerial leadership qualities, constantly improve themselves and have high communication skills in effective school management.

This thesis is a report on the E-C translation project of a popular science books on renewable energy. In the perspective of the project manager, the author summarizes the strategies used in each stage of project management. General speaking, this translation practice report can be divided into four parts, the first part is the description of the translation task, including the background of the task, the client requirements, and task details. The second part shows the project process, including Project Start-up Phase, Project Plan Phase, Project Implementation Phase, Project Monitoring Phase and Project Final Phase. The third part showcases some typical problems in this translation project. The fourth part summarizes the deficiencies in the translation practice and related thinking as well as inspirations. In this translation practice report, the author combines practical translation experience with project management theories, and learns from mistakes, in order to optimize the translation project management process.

Understanding online consumers and their buying behavior had been the major focus for marketers and gained special attention among the marketing science researchers for over three decades. The purpose of this research is to investigate the past and current trends in online consumer behavior domain, by highlighting the research themes through bibliometric analysis and provide an agenda for future research. The study carried out a systematic literature review of online consumer behavior research with the help of bibliometric analysis from 1999 to 2020, and the bibliographic data of 1254 documents were obtained from the Scopus, one of the popular academic indexing databases. The study performed various bibliometric analysis using open-source software tools, including Biblioshiny, VOS Viewer, and Sci2 tool. This paper is unique in applying a variety of quantitative and scientific mapping tools for better understanding and visualization of the research field. The analysis of scientific research will be a reference guide for research scholars in the academic community for understanding the intellectual structure, theoretical foundations of online consumer behavior research and identify the knowledge gaps and recommend future research directions. It can also help the marketing practitioners to understand the dynamic characteristics of online consumers and their buying behavior, through various contributions made by the scientific literature.

The characterization of char from waste tyre pyrolysis is evaluated in this work. Disused tyres retrieved from vehicle users and dump hills in Akure and its environment in South West Nigeria were pyrolysed in a refurbished 17.4 litre capacity fixed-bed batch thermochemical reactor. The waste tyres were cut into sample sizes of 20 mm × 30 mm manually and then weighed into various portions of 1kg each. 1kg mass of the washed waste tyres was pyrolysed in each batch of pyrolysis experiment to obtain char at different pyrolysis temperatures of 250oC, 350oC, 450oC, and 600oC respectively. Proximate and ultimate analyses of the char resulting from the pyrolysis were carried out. The pyrolysis process produced char with an average of 83.30% carbon composition 5.45% hydrogen, 0.52% nitrogen, 1.17% sulphur and 1.90% oxygen composition. The analysis of percentage composition of the raw scrap tyre samples gave 79.86% for carbon, 7.35% hydrogen, 0.39% nitrogen, 1.57% for sulphur and 6.50% for oxygen. The ultimate analysis of the char resulting from pyrolysis gave an average value of 38.83 kJ/kg for the heating value and 470.00 kg/m3 for specific gravity. The average fixed carbon content was 33.38% while the volatile matters gave an average of 58.40%. The ultimate analysis of the raw tyre samples gave values of 36.10 kJ/kg for the heating value and 343.00 kg/m3 for specific gravity.

Background: Psychiatric symptoms which constitute a major and growing public health problem of anxiety, depression, and cognitive dysfunction often occur in patients suffering from somatic conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In Bangladesh, we have very little research-oriented information regarding these issues. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the association of anxiety and depression with asthma and COPD. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Respiratory Medicine in the National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital from March 2018 to February 2019. A total of 160 cases of Asthma and COPD were enrolled in this study as study. Statistical analyses of the results were obtained by using Windows-based computer software devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-23.0). Results: In this study in total 98 (61.3%) patients had COPD and 62 (38.7%) had asthma. Among 98 COPD patients 10 (10.2%) had mild, 29 (29.6%) had moderate, 40 (40.8%) had severe and 19 (19.4%) had very severe COPD. Among 62 asthmatic patients 22 (35.5%) had mild, 16 (25.8%) had moderate, 11 (17.7%) had severe and 13 (21.0%) had very severe asthma. Among total participants, the mean Beck depression inventory score was found 95.6±12.6, the mean anxiety rating scale score was found 61.0±11.7 and the mean HADS score was found 12.1±1.5. In COPD patients, the mean Beck depression inventory score was found at 99.9±10.7, the mean anxiety rating scale score was found 57.1±10.7 and the mean HADS score was found 11.8±1.3. On the other hand, in asthmatic patients, the mean Beck depression inventory score was found 88.8±12.4, the mean anxiety rating scale score was found 67.4±10.3 and the mean HADS score was found 12.6±1.7. Conclusion: We can conclude that the Beck depression inventory score, anxiety rating scale score, and HADS score were statistically significant when compared to the level of severity of COPD and asthma. Excluding other risk factors for anxiety and depression, still, COPD & asthma patients remain at risk of both anxiety and depression.

This research work investigated the application of Chrysophyllum albidum exudates/resin extracts as potential inhibitors in the control and prevention of corrosion attacks to reinforcing steel embedded in concrete slabs and are completely immersed in 5% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution in water and accelerated for a rapid corrosion process for 360 days with interval checks and routine tests of 90 days, 180 days, 270 days, and 360 days for examination and record documentations for comparison of tested sample performances. The maximum yields of controlled and coated samples were -112.42 mV and -118.97 mV, which showed the relationship between corrosion potential and opportunity in the reference range as 𝐸corr > −200mV and the uncoated samples, the calculated maximum value is -338.49 mV, the result is within the reference value of the dependence between corrosion potential and probability of −350mV ≤ 𝐸corr ≤ −200mV indicating a high-value range of 10% or an uncertain corrosion probability. The comparative results from the referencing range (controlled), showed that corroded samples exhibited corrosion presence resulting from the induced corrosion acceleration against coated samples that exhibited absence of corrosion. The results of the controlled concrete and armored resistance samples obtained at the maximum average value of 15.06kΩcm and 16.12kΩcm with a data value of 10 < 𝜌 < 20 (low) compared to a corrosion value of 9.82 k cm with a specification of 5 < 𝜌 < 10 (high). The calculated maximum percentage value of the controlled yield point is 7.05% relative to corrosion and coverage value -6.54% and 7.12% and the possible differential values of 0.02% controlled, 0.02% corroded, and 0 .15% covered. The percentage of maximum tensile strength calculated in the control is 2.39% relative to the corrosion and coating value -3.35% and 3.51% and the potential differential value is 0.04% controlled, 0.01% corroded and 0.04% coated. The yield strength, tensile strength, and deformation ratio of the mean, percentile, and controlled differential potential values, uncoated (corroded) and layered concrete slab samples were determined. , coated samples had higher breaking loads compared to corroded samples with reduced breakdown load and low load-bearing capacity and with mean and percentile values in relation to the reference range, whereas uncoated (corroded) samples, had a load-bearing capacity which is low and a reduced value compared to the reference range.For comparison, the results of corroded samples showed a decrease in value compared to the diameter of the reinforcement before and after the induction accelerated corrosion test with a percentage decrease in value from 0.428% to -1.48% and an average value in the range from 11.93 mm to 11. 88 mm.The differentials in mean values and relative percentiles between coated and corroded samples ranged from 69.57% to -41.03%. The decrease in mean and percentage values indicates that the corrosion effect causes a decrease in diameter and cross-sectional area, fiber degradation, rib reduction, and surface modification, while the exudate/resin-coated elements are validated in the work due to differential s in coating thickness. For comparison, the results obtained show a reduction/reduction and reduction of mean and percentile values for coatings with 0.070kg to 0.06kg and corrosion 7.81% to -5.8%. The summary results show that the corrosive effect had an impact on the rebar embedded in the concrete slab samples exposed to induced corrosion

Self-confidence is an important foundation for everyone, especially for college students in developing their potential. The objective of this study is to improve the self-confidence of counseling students through modeling way information services. The research method used action research counseling guidance class; the sample of this research is 30 students using purposive sampling technique. From the results of research analysis that has been obtained that the research from the beginning of the pre-cycle to cycle II was carried out well. Students’ self-confidence through the modelling way information service increased significantly, as seen from the average percentage starting from pre-cycle 49.026%, cycle I 63.95% and cycle II 81.25%. This means that modeling way information services can increase students’ self-confidence.

Objectives: Using the method of meta-analysis to compares and analyzes the development characteristics of children’s FMS in countries with different development levels from the perspective of gender. Methods: We searched the PubMed, EBSCOhost, Embase and Web of Science databases for studies published up to April 5, 2021, empirical studies on the FMS of children aged 3-6 were included. Two researchers independently screened and extracted data according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for meta-analysis to analyze the mastery level of global children’s FMS. Results: Finally, 18 articles were included. Results of the meta-analysis showed that whether in developed or developing countries, there was no statistical significance in comparing the locomotor skill scores of boys and girls (all P > 0.05); however, both in developed countries and developing countries, the scores of object control skills generally appears that boys are better than girls (Developed: 0.48 [95% CI 0.40, 0.56], Z=11.74, P＜0.05, I2=0%; Developing: 0.53 [95% CI 0.30, 0.76], Z=4.53, P＜0.05, I2=81%). Conclusion: From the perspective of gender, the developmental characteristics of FMS in children showed consistent patterns in countries with different development levels. There is no difference in the mastery of locomotor skills among children of different genders, but there is a significant difference in the mastery of object control skills, and boys are significantly better than girls.

The research evaluated the potential occurrence of corrosion in an induced media assessing the coating of reinforcing steel with Boswellia dalzielii (Burseraceae) exudates/resin gotten from the trunk of trees, the coating varies in thicknesses, embedded in concrete slabs, and exposed to the high severed coastal marine environment with acidic content. The maximum stability value calculated concrete resistivity from the controlled concrete sample was 63.55% compared to the corroded and coated values -44.28% and 84.61%, and the maximum controlled differential percentile was 2.8% compared to the corroded and 1.55% values and 5.53% coverage. The test results of controlled and coated samples with concrete resistance got a maximum average value of 14.38kΩcm and 16.28kΩcm with a value of 10 <𝜌 <20 (low) compared to a corrosion value of 8.85kΩcm with an indication of 5 < 10 (high) and the reference range of the relationship between concrete resistance and corrosion probability. The maximum obtained and corrosion potential values of the controlled and coated samples were -107.3mV and -121.5mV, indicating the relationship between corrosion potential and probability as 𝐸corr > −200mV as the reference range. The results of this potential Ecorr result show that the value of controlled and resin-coated samples is low with a 90% probability that no corrosion of reinforcing steel is observed during the measurement (10% risk of corrosion, which averages 10% for samples without coating obtained maximum value - 341.7mV, the result lies in the correlation reference value between the corrosion potential value −350mV ≤ 𝐸corr ≤ −200mV indicating a high range of values. The calculated maximum percentile ultimate tensile strength of controlled tensile strength is 2.06% compared to corrosion and coating values of 1.96% and 2.05%, and the possible differential values are 0.06% controlled, 0.01% corroded and 0.03 % coated. The calculated maximum percentile yield strength value of the controlled shear strength is 8.28% compared to the corroded and coated values of -7.61% and 8.28% and the controlled potential differential values are 0.05%, corrosion is 0.04% and 0.05% coated. The comparison results show that the low load carrying capacity is caused by the effect of corrosion attack on the exposed (corroded) elements, which damage reinforcing steel fibers, ribs and passive formations and surface modifications. The avearge values observed for the coated samples relate to the corrosion resistance potential to penetrate the reinforcing steel to form a protective membrane; This attribute indicates the effectiveness and effectiveness of the exudate/resin as an inhibitor against corrosive effects. exposed reinforced concrete structure on the edge of a strong sea area with high salinity. The maximum calculated percentile of corroded is 0.396% versus -1.17% and coated is 0.721%, the differential in the percentile of corrosion is 0.03% versus 0.003% coated. For comparison, the results of corroded samples showed reduction and reduction values compared to the diameter of the reinforcement before and after accelerated induction corrosion testing with a percentile decrease in value from 0.396% to -1.17% and an average value in the range of 11.93mm to 11.93mm. The differential in average and relative percentile between coated and corroded samples varied from 26.42% to -20.9%. The decrease in average and percentile values indicates that the corrosion effect has led to a reduction in diameter and cross-sectional area, fiber degradation, rib reduction and surface modification, while elements coated with exudates/resin confirm an increase in volume as thickness as there are shift differentials.

The study examined the use and potency of extruded exudates/resins obtained from tree trunks. The gummy exudates/resins were applied directly to the steel reinforcement by the coatings varying their thicknesses and embeddings them into concrete beams, and studying their possible effects as an inhibitor to corrosion attacks on reinforcing steel of concrete structures built within the coastal marine region with highly acidic nature. From the flexural strength test, the maximum value was 24.64% compared to the corroded and coated sample values of -18.46% and 24.41%, respectively and the average differential and percentile range controlled (2.25kN and 2.01%), corroded (0.66kN and 1.16%), coated (2.09kN and 1.77%). The results illustrated that the reference percentage of controlled samples according to [30] was placed in fresh water and no corrosion effect was observed and was therefore used as a reference value for uncoated and coated samples immersed in a corrosive environment as described in the test program. The calculated average differential and percentile values were checked (0.01mm and 0.009%), corrosion values (0.01mm and 0.063%) and closed values (0.01mm and 0.069%). The results illustrated the effect of corrosion on the mechanical properties of reinforcing steel with a decrease in diameter, as well as a decrease in the average value and the percentage recorded from the corrosion samples, while the controlled and coated samples illustrated preserved conditions with increasing layers of different diameters of exudates/resin layer thickness. The cross-sectional area of reinforcing steel after corrosion test gives different average and percentile values of corroded values (0.02 mm and 4.84%) and coated values (0.03 mm and 1.57%). The calculated maximum comparative values for both yield and ultimate tensile strength for the controlled samples were 9.66% and 3.54% to the corroded and coated values of -7.45% and -3.7%, coated values are 9.66% and 3.86%, respectively. From the data obtained and compared, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength values of the corroded samples illustrated a decrease in the average and percentage values for load failure with few applications. The average differential and percentile values obtained for the control were (0.01 and 1.4%), corrosion values (0.02 and 1.54%), and closed values (0.01 and 1.4%). The maximum elongation comparative value for the controlled sample was -12.92% compared to the corroded and coated sample of 20.62% and -23.82%, respectively. The average differential and percentile values obtained for the controlled samples were (0.83% and 0.77%), corrosion values (0.82% and 1.38%), and coated values (0.82% and 0.78%). In comparative, the corroded samples illustrated higher stress values and higher elongation rates, whereas the damaged state of coated samples was lower load and reduced elongation. The calculated data illustrated a decrease in the value of the corroded sample as a result of the corrosion attack, which led to a decrease in the registered weight, whereas the coated sample illustrated an increase in weight compared to the reference value of the controlled sample due to the different coating thicknesses.

Background: Chronic liver disease denotes the disease of the liver which lasts over a period of 6 months or more. The serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) is a formula that is used to assist in determining the etiology of ascites. It is also used in detecting ascites of portal hypertension in the adult population. We don’t have any research-based information regarding the correlation between serum ascites albumin gradient and endoscopic parameters of portal hypertension in chronic liver disease. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between serum ascites albumin gradient and endoscopic parameters of portal hypertension in chronic liver disease. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Hepatology, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2005 to December 2005. In total 50 patients with cirrhosis with ascites with high SAAG values (>1.1 gm/dl) were included as the study people. The age of the patients was 15 to 70 years. Both males and females were included in the study. All data were entered into a personal computer, thoroughly checked for any possible error, and then processed and analyzed by the SPSS program. The significance of the test was tested by the chi-square test. P-value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Correlation analysis was done by the Pearson correlation test. Result: In this study, there were three SAAG groups. In SAAG group 1.10-1.49gm/dl, 53.33% of patients had mild grades of PNG, and 33.33% of patients had a severe grade of PNG. In the SAAG group, 1.50-1.99 gm/dl, 44.44% of patients had mild grade and 33.33% had a severe grade of PNG and in the SAAG group >2 gm/dl, 42.30% had mild grade and 49.99% had a severe grade of PNG. But there had not been any significant correlation among the groups regarding SAAG values and PHTN grades because the p-value was greater than 0.05. Conclusion: It was shown in this study that, oesophageal varices were present in 49 patients, sensitivity was 98%; portal hypertensive gastropathy in 44 patients, sensitivity 88%, and both oesophageal varices and gastropathy in 43 patients, sensitivity 86%. So high SAAG value can be used as an indicator of the presence of portal hypertensive changes especially oesophageal varices and gastropathy in the upper gastrointestinal tract. A weak positive correlation was found in this study between SAAG values and grades of oesophageal varices (r=0.358, p=0.011) and gastropathy (r-0.139, p--0.33) but no correlation was found between SAAG and gastric varices (p=0.4).