This paper investigates the hydrothermal response of plant fiber-reinforced-polyester composites (PFRC). Experimental methods were used to determine the mechanical properties of PFRC (bamboo, raffia and coconut fiber composites) through the use of monasanto tensometer testing machine. All the samples were chemically modified through the use of 12.5g of sodium hydroxide. The ultimate tensile strengths and moduli of raffia, bamboo and coconut fiber -reinforced polyester composites were computed when the composites were subjected to 20, 40, 60 and 100oC temperature and also soaked in water for periods of 4,8,12 and 24 hours. Numerical and micro-soft excel graphics were used to model the tensile responses of the PFRCs. From the analyses, the ultimate tensile strengths and moduli of raffia, bamboo and coconut composites for 24 hours at 100oc are 4.3, 5.8, 7.7MPa and 0.1, 0.06, and 0.11GPa respectively.

This report presents a rare case of multiple Cl.VI carious lesions developed in a young female patient due to full-time wearing of an Essix retainer combined with poor oral hygiene and high acidic diet. The demineralization during orthodontic retention and the hygiene instructions, including the retainer cleaning protocol, are highlighted.

Aqua forms are increasing year on year with increase in the demand of fish foods. Maintaining fish farms is of greater challenge since the growth of fish is related with quality of water. Monitoring the quality of water in each tank becomes difficult and includes interference that is much more human. In this proposed research work, an intelligent automatic aqua monitoring system is introduced where the sensors and the inlet monitor the quality of water and outlet of fresh water is controlled through Arduino micro controller. Since the components used are cheap and Arduino is very simple to program the proposed method finds efficient and promising results in maintaining aqua farms.

The dearth of construction materials has been the bane of the global construction industry. In a bid to curb this menace, it becomes very imperative to source for construction materials from discarded and least costly materials from raffia, bamboo and coconut fibers. This research investigates the hydrothermal response of plant fiber-reinforced-polyester composites (PFRC). Imperical methods were used to determine the mechanical properties of PFRC (bamboo, raffia and coconut fiber composites), with the usage of Monasanto Tensometer testing machine. All the samples were chemically modified with 12.5g of sodium hydroxide. Numerical and micro-soft excel graphics were used to model compressive responses of the PFRCs. From the analyses, the compressive strengths of raffia, bamboo and coconut composites are 40, 45 and 38MPa respectively.

Acute Pulmonary Edema (APE) is a condition affecting about 0.08-1.5 % of women during pregnancy and puerperium, accounting for 2.5-3.0 % of admission to obstetric ICU, constituting 9.8-11.5% of all patients of ‘maternal near miss’ criteria. This study was conducted across 3 tertiary care centres of Haryana, North India, to evaluate cases of APE in obstetrics ICU. 50 patients had acute pulmonary edema in the study period, with mean age 26.2 years, 60% were from rural setup, 76% were primigravidae, 56% had antepartum APE, 36% post partum and 2% intra partum, 8% had previous history of Pre-Eclampsia, 10 % relapsed during hospital stay, 4 % mortality rate. 80% had caesarean delivery, 76 % delivering preterm (<37 weeks gestational age), 40% were <34 weeks gestational age. Etiological causes – 64 % hypertensive, cardiogenic (16%) both cardiogenic & hypertensive (20%), fluid overload (2 %) irrespective of underlying etiology , 30% had fluid overload in the 24 hours preceding the acute PE event. Medium time from diagnosis to resuscitation was 5 minutes (within 25 min of diagnosis in 80 % of patients) Mean ICU stay was 6 days and hospital time was 13 days. APE is a medical emergency resulting in high maternal mortality rate (MMR). Most commonly occurring ante-partum period, with a hypertensive background and fluid overload being an important trigger.

Deterioration of reinforced concrete structures in marine environments is typically related to external retailers inclusive of chlorides that penetrate concrete causing harm. Corrosion products are relatively porous, susceptible, and often form around reinforcing metal, accordingly decreasing the bond between the reinforcement and concrete. This study evaluated the effect of using an extruded obtained from Perseus americana obtained from tree trunks as an inhibitor against corrosion attack on reinforced concrete structures in coastal zones with high salt concentrations and aggravated conditions. The extracted exudates/resin was coated to reinforcing steel and embedded in a concrete slab which is exposed to a corrosive medium with a high salt concentration The results of half-cell potential measurements maximum yields of the controlled and coated samples were -103.73 mV and -108.61mV, which showed the relationship between corrosion potential and probability in the Ecorr > 200mV as reference range. The potential results from Ecorr show that the value of the controlled and resin-coated sample with a 90% probability of no corrosion on reinforcing steel observed during the measurement is low (10% risk of corrosion, i.e. an average of 10% for the sample without coating gets the maximum value of -336.54mV, the result lies in the correlation reference value between the corrosion potential value of −350mV ≤ 𝐸corr ≤ −200mV, indicating a high-value range of 10% or indicating corrosion uncertainty. Comparatively, the results from the reference range (controlled) indicate that the sample is corroded due to the induced corrosion acceleration relative to the coated sample that the exudates/resin exhibits inhibitory properties against corrosion attack on reinforcing steel embedded in a concentrated re-plate which is exposed to a corrosive medium by forming a resistive layer. The maximum computed percentile of the controlled sample concrete resistivity is 66.23% compared to the corroded and coated values of -41.71% and 76.82% and the maximum controlled differential percentile is 2.71% compared to the corroded and coated value of 1.74 % and 5.28%. The results of the controlled and layered concrete resistance samples obtained the maximum average values of 15.2 kΩcm and 16.21 kΩcm with data values of 10 <𝜌 <20 (low) compared to the corrosion value of 9.21 kΩcm with Specifications 5 <𝜌 <10 (high) and with the reference range of the relationship between concrete resistance and corrosion probability, the corrosion probability was significant (𝜌 < 5, 5 < < 10, 10 << 20, > 20) for very high, high, low to moderate and low, for possible corrosion. From the comparative of coated and corroded samples, the maximum value obtained in both samples clearly shows the value of the coated sample with a range of 10 < 20, which classifies the range of values from low to moderate, with a significant indication of the possibility of corrosion. The maximum value of the corroded sample is in the range of 5 <10 which indicates high, signs indicating the presence of corrosion probability. The computed maximum percentile values of the controlled yield strength are 8.75% against corroded and the coated value of 7.2% and 8.81%, respectively, and the possible differential values are 0.05% controlled 0.89% corroded and 1.05 % coated. The controlled tensile strength is 2.885% compared to the corroded and coated values - 3.168% and 2.828% and the possible differential values are 0.19% controlled, 0.077% corroded and 0.039% coated. The comparative results show that the low load carrying capacity is caused by the effect of corrosion attack on the uncoated (corroded) elements, which damage the reinforcing steel fibers, ribs, and passive formation and surface modification. The maximum value computed from the percentile coated 0.049% against corroded -0.975% and 1.992%, the percentile differential in corroded 0.023% against coated 0.054%. For comparative, the results of the corroded samples showed reduction and reduction values compared to the diameter of the reinforcement before and after the induction accelerated corrosion test with a percentile range to reduce the value from 0.049% to -0.975% and the average value in the range of 11.95 mm to 11. 91 mm. The aggregate results show that the corrosion effect causes a reduction in weight/weight reduction in the corroded samples compared to coatings with a percentile exposure and an average increase, resulting in a small increase in the volume of the coating thickness.

Osteoradionecrosis is one of the most serious complications of head and neck radiotherapy and is considered as a public health problem worldwide. It is most commonly characterized by the exposure of the affected bone, in addition to oral ulcers, drainage of purulent secretion and oral fistulas. Treatment of osteoradionecrosis is a challenging problem. The conservative approach to management consists of antibiotics, transoral debridement or sequestrectomy, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. For advanced stages, patients are treated aggressively by surgical resection of all diseased hard and soft tissue with or without immediate reconstruction. The surgical removal of all or part of the maxilla, leaving the patient with a defect that compromises the integrity and function of the oral cavity. The postoperative restoration of esthetics, deglutition, and speech shortens recovery time in the hospital and expedites the patient's return to the community as a functioning member. The surgical obturator is the proven treatment option in such situations. This article describes a simple technique to fabricate an immediate obturator after sequestrectomy. The obturator fabricated restores patient's manducatory functions and thus may have a positive effect on the patients' psychology.

Plant responses to various stresses are complex, involving alterations in the physiological, cellular, and transcriptome levels. Polyamine accumulation in diseased tissues is difficult to identify as it is found in both pathogenic fungus and plants. Abiotic stressors, as a group, pose a serious challenge to the ecosystem and agriculture also responsible for significant agricultural production losses. Benzoxazinoids are plant secondary metabolites found in grasses that have a significant potential for chemical defense against biotic stresses seen across the animal world. EREBP (Ethylene Response Element Binding Protein) transcription factor gets highly expressed in association with the ROS scavenging system, with decreased expression of the dehydrogenases gene. Crop productivity is also affected by biotic stresses. Plants physiological characteristics are altered by drought, excessive heat, and with their combined effect. Heat and drought stress have been proven to affect photosynthetic activity. Hydroponic systems operate by allowing precise control of environmental factors such as pH-balance and temperature, as well as increased nutrient and water exposure.

Health workers need to get legal protection from the government as the executor of the task of handling Covid-19. The author raises this problem in a study with the main problem What are the obstacles that occur that make the legal protection policy for occupational safety for health workers due to the infectious disease pandemic is not based on the value of justice yet and How is the reconstruction of this law based on the value of justice which will be researched using the socio-legal research method which is on the qualitative data obtained by the author in the field where the results are processed using data triangulation to obtain a relevant and accurate analysis. The results of the study indicate that there are obstacles that occur as a result of a very complicated local government bureaucracy. In addition, health workers who work in the task force to accelerate the handling of the pandemic have not received occupational health and safety guarantees, only PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), Vitamins, food, and temporary Home Stay that must be provided while on duty, even the insurance is financed by their agency and not from their Local government. The reconstruction proposed by the author is in Article 9 paragraph 1 of Law Number 4 of 1984 concerning Outbreaks of Infectious Diseases, which stipulates that certain officers who carry out efforts to control the epidemic as referred to in Article 5 paragraph (1) must be rewarded for the risks involved that are borne in carrying out their duties.

There was once a tattoo custom, called “hajichi” in the Ryukyu Islands. Considering the patterns and purposes of hajichi from the culture science perspective and combining with the history of Ryukyu Islands for root and truth-seeking exploration seemingly help to conclude that Yunnan Province in China is possibly the place of origin of hajichi custom. The tattoo culture in Yunnan may spread to Ryukyu and further roots and grows there based on the exchange convenience in the age of great navigation in East Asia.

Microfinance Institutions (MFI) are expanding their reach in Ethiopia at an accelerating trend. The study has attempted to look at the initiation of sustainable Islamic MFI in Afar region. Concurrent triangulation strategy was adopted to address the research objectives. In order to get relevant data, descriptive research design and quota sampling methods were used. And survey have been taken through questionnaire from three Zones of Afar region namely Zone 1 (Awsi Resu Zone), Zone 2 (Kilbeti Resu Zone), and Zone 3 (Gebi Resu Zone), with a total sample size of 227 pastoralists, document review and face to face interviews conducted with the officials responsible for initiation of MFI in Afar region. The results showed that the nonexistence of statutory provisions regarding to the operations of Islamic microfinance institution resulted to delay its introduction in Afar region. In addition, the assumed high transaction costs that will be incurred in providing financial services to pastoralists pointed as challenging factors. To overcome these, laws and regulations should be designed to foster the establishment of Islamic MFI and also use Islamic microfinance models such as mudharaba, musharaka, murabahah, ijarah, qard al-hasan and others models that comply with Shariah principles.

The research work investigated the potential use of exudates/resin to curb the surface and mechanical properties of the indentation from corrosion attack on reinforcing steel of both non-coating and exudates/resin coated samples after 360 days immersion in 5% NaCl solution. The obtained results maximum percentile failure bond load values of controlled samples are 64.308% against corroded -35.029% and the coated 68.823%. The differential maximum values computed of the average and percentile ranges of failure bond load are controlled (2.492kN and 14.869%) against corroded samples values are (0.806kN and 5.738%), coated are (2.492kN and 14.907%. The differentially potential maximum failure bond loads, as well as comparative values of maximum deflective values over-controlled and coated samples. The peak percentile bond strength values for comparison recorded are controlled 46.996% against corroded and coated -34.33% and 72.41%. The differential computed average and percentile values are controlled 1.409MP and 19.463% against corroded 0.276 MP and 7.669%, coated values are 1.408 MP and 20.134%. From the values obtained, the corroded samples exhibited a pullout bond strength compared to the increased values for the values of the coated samples and the controlled samples with pullout bond strength. The maximum recorded average and percentile values of controlled 86.42% against corroded and coated samples of -27.728% and 80.247% and with differential recorded values of the controlled 0.024mm and 42.379% against corroded values of 0.007mm and 16.793% and coated values 0.024mm and 41.881%. The maximum percentile values obtained for comparison among the investigated samples showed that the corroded exhibited lower slippage and reduced percentile values and low load application to failure, while coated samples exhibited higher slippage, and increased values. The obtained computed results of the nominal reinforcing steel with no traces of corrosion effect is 100%, the comparative results after corrosion and the potential differential values of the tested samples showed percentile values reduction in corroded samples resulting from induced effect from corrosion while the coated samples exhibited a potential increase in volumetric based on varying coating thicknesses. It can be seen that the diameter of uncoated decreased by the maximum value of 0.596% and coated increased by 0.674%, for the cross-sectional area, corroded has maximum reduction value -13.251% and coated increased by and 15.275%, weight loss, and gain are corroded -20.31% decreased (loss) and coated 29.25% increase (gain). Indication as analyzed from the experimental work showed that the effect of corrosion on uncoated concrete cubes caused diameter and cross–sectional area reduction and weight decrease while coated concrete cubes have diameter and cross–sectional area increases and weight gain resulting from the varying thickness coated to reinforcing steel.

Narcotics abuse as referred to in Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics in general, provides for criminal penalties by judges. It tends to prioritize criminal sanctions if they commensurating with the actions of the perpetrators, with the aim that the perpetrators do not repeat their actions. This paradigm is certainly not suitable when dealing with crimes involving drug abuse, because the narcotics abuser themselves is also a victim. This research uses a statutory approach because it is included in normative legal research where the approach to criminal law legislation and especially narcotics legislation is used as one of the legal research approaches. This result of the research shows that (1) The policy of implementing criminal sanctions for drug users that are not related to narcotics networks in the current legislation cannot be separated from the criminal system adopted by the legal system in Indonesia. (2) Arrangements for the implementation of criminal sanctions against narcotics users who are not related to the narcotics distribution network according to the current law are not based on the value of justice. This can be seen from Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics which still causes multiple interpretations or ambiguities in its application, especially to Article 112 and Article 127 of the Narcotics Law. (3) The ideal reconstruction of the formulation in the implementation of criminal sanctions against narcotics users based on the values of justice is by changing the formulation of Article 111 paragraph (1) and 112 paragraph (1) and Article 103 paragraph (1).

The main problem discussed in this research is to find out what factors cause the law enforcement on environmental corporate criminal liability to be unfair and how to reconstruct environmental corporate criminal liability law that are able to achieve justice in the future which will be researched using the socio-legal research method which relies on the qualitative data obtained by the author in the field where the results are processed using data triangulation to obtain a relevant and accurate analysis. The results of the study indicate that the factors that cause environmental criminal law enforcement to be unfair are influenced by 3 factors, namely the law structure, substance, and culture that are still weak. In order to solve this problem there needs to be a reconstruction of the environmental corporate criminal liability reconstruction that are contained in Article 46 paragraph 1 of Law No. 23 of 1997 as amended by Law No. 32 of 2009 namely Article 116 (1) as it cannot provide adequate justice yet therefore reconstructing it must be done in order to comply with the value of justice.

Newcastle disease is caused by paramyxo viruses, very infectious disease present in birds harms most. Clinical and electro-physiological findings in the patients of SMA revealed that the patients experience critical decline in the functions of motors with unit loss rapidly. Tumors of heart in dogs typically represents either non-functional chemodectoma or ectopic thyroid carcinomas which is also non-functional. Spontaneous-malignant-lymphoma present in sheep, through well known in tumor investigations in the slaughtering houses and in the diagnostic workshops. The hallmark clinical finding in cases of external caseous lymphadenitis is the development of abscesses in the region of peripheral lymph nodes. Anthrax is a disease which is usually spread by feeding and by the contaminated water with the spores and these spores can last in the soil for several years. Mostly the anthrax is cured easily in start stages and is easy way and control to further increase of this disease. Orf is the disease commonly present in sheep and goats throughout the world. It also known as scabby mouth or sore mouth. The outlook for Orf sickness, which is a zoonotic host switch infection, is not especially bad. There are different parasitic diseases of animals, coccidiosis is one of the parasitic disease of poultry and rabbits.