Now days, research studies have concentrated on complementary (alternate) medicine in treating a large number of infectious and non-infectious diseases, including cancer. The attention of research now shifted towards alternative natural medicine and is being preferred to the toxic effects of the synthetic drugs that are used to treat such diseases. Studies have shown that many natural plant products like amygdalin extracted from apricots and almonds to have shown anticarcinogen effect on many types of cancers including oral cancer. Herein we made an attempt to evaluate the anti-carcinogenic property of Muntingia Calabura proteins against Oral cancer cell lines. Oral cancer cell lines (KB cell line) were used in the present study. The proteins were extracted from Muntingia Calabura roots and the antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity on KB cell line was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-YL)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. The crude proteins of Muntingia Calabura roots showed cytotoxic and anti-proliferative activity on KB cell lines at a maximum efficacy at 100 μg/Ml is about 58% and maximum IC50 value is 52 μg/Ml. The crude proteins of Muntingia Calabura roots effective as an antiproliferative agent, who caused apoptosis in oral cancer cell line.

Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology is rapid, virtually non invasive and simple diagnostic procedure .FNAC offers a simple method of diagnosis of neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions of the head and neck. Material and methods: 280 cases of cervical lesions were taken up in the study over a period for 2 years from August 2017 to July 2019. Various staining procedure was done based on the sample. Results: Peak incidence of 90 (32.1%) cases was noted in 21-30 years age group. There were 168 (60%) females among 280. Site wise distribution shows that majority of lesions are from lymph nodes (39.2%). Of which Granulomatous lymphadenitis of Tuberculous etiology of about 60 cases. Discussion and conclusion: FNAC is a procedure which can be carried out as an out-patient procedure with minimal problems. Owing to its accurate diagnostic potential it is proved useful in separating inflammatory, benign and malignant lesions with good certainty.

The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate the chemical, functional, microbial and sensory attributes of complementary food from blends of sorghum, pumpkin seed and carrot. Sorghum and pumpkin seeds in the ratio of 70:30 (A), 60:40 (B), respectively were co-fermented aerobically for 24, 48, and 72 h at room temperature (30 oC). In the same ratio as samples (A) and (B), control (C) and (D) were unfermented. Carrots (20% W/W) was added to all the samples. The samples were subjected to chemical, anti-nutritional, functional, microbial and organoleptic properties using standard methods. The protein content of the fermented samples was higher than that of the unfermented samples. Tannins and phytates decreased after fermentation. Microbial counts decreased as fermentation progressed to 72 h. Water and oil absorption capacity, solubility index, bulk density and least gelation concentration were within the acceptable ranges for complementary food. Leucine and Lysine contents were high in all the samples. Histidine, isoleucine and methionine were higher in co-fermented samples than unfermented samples. The carotenoid value in co-fermented mixture was comparable to recommended daily allowance (RDA) for complementary food value for 10–20 months infants. Organoleptically, co-fermented samples scored higher in general acceptability, and unfermented samples scored higher than the co-fermented in terms of colour, aroma and taste. It could be concluded that co-fermented sorghum, pumpkin seed fortified with carrot blend diet had a better nutritional quality than the unfermented counterparts based on the overall findings.

Fibroadenoma of breast is very common in females, but a rarity in males. Gynecomastia and pseudogynecomastia is a common presentation. A case of fibroadenoma with concurrent gynecomastia in a young male is presented below.

Sepsis is a major health problem, that significantly increases the mortality and morbidity of patients. The prognostic value of Platelet indices in septic shock has not been established. Our study aims to know the importance of platelet indices in sepsis and their value in prognosis. Details of sepsis patients from September 2018 to August 2019 were taken from case sheets and Hospital Information Management System (HIMS) in GEMS medical college and hospital, Srikakulam. Platelet (PLT) indices were recorded on the day of admission and the fifth day in hospital. The data were compared between revived and succumbed patients. A total of 100 septic shock patients were studied, of them, 55 were revived and 45 succumbed. Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) in the succumbed group was significantly higher than that of the revived group. Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) and Platelet Large Cell Ratio (PLCR) were increased, while Plateletcrit (PCT) and PLT count decreased in the succumbed group. A statistically significant difference was seen between revived and succumbed patients for PLT count and MPV which make them useful prognostic markers for patients in septic shock.

CHKV is a re-emerging arboviral disease. Increase incidence is seen in many parts of India. This study was done to see the trends over a period of 10years. A total of 3676 samples were studied. Their demographic data and CHIK antibody detection was detected. This data was analyzed in 2 half’s of 5 years each. Over 10 years, 368 were positive for CHIK IgM ELSIA. Majority were females. Age group affected was middle age. Over the 10 years the disease was seen in all seasons of the year. There were no deaths seen due to CHKV infection. CHKV infection has high morbidity but is a self limiting disease and vector control is the only prevention.

Candida continues to be leading cause of morbidity and mortality in large population of immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. Invasive Candidiasis due to non-albicans candida has been on the rise in last few years. Incidence rates vary geographically, often because of different patient populations studied. The present study was conducted to find out the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species from different sources and patient population of our tertiary care hospital. A total of 103 Candida species were isolated from the different clinical specimens of suspected candida infection cases, In this study, it was observed that candidiasis can occur at all ages and in both sexes. 82 (79.6%) isolates were obtained from cases admitted in different inpatient departments of which 51 (49.5%) accounted for isolates from various ICUs mainly NICU. Most of the isolates obtained were from urine samples (44.6%) followed by blood (34.9%). Non albicans Candida were isolated at a higher rate (52.8%) than Candida albicans (47.5%). Among all species of Candida commonest isolate was C. albicans (47.5%) followed by C. tropicalis (26.21%). Overall high suceptibility to voriconazole and Amphotericin B (99.03%). This study emphasizes the need for monitoring local epidemiologic data and antifungal susceptibility pattern of candida isolates for proper treatment.

Background: Dengue virus infection (DI) is an important health problem in many Southeast Asian countries. In recent years, several epidemics of DI have been reported from India. Liver involvement is known to occur in children with DI. The degree of liver dysfunction in children with DI varies from mild injury with elevation of transaminase activity to severe injury with jaundice; a few patients have presented with a clinical illness resembling liver failure. The severity of liver dysfunction varies according to the type of clinical presentation of DI, and is more common in patients with complicated dengue. Materials and methods: This is a prospective, cross-sectional, hospital-based study was carried out in the Department of Pathology at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital over a period of 1 year. Clinical examinations were performed by a physician on each study participant. Demographic variables, as it has been published in previous work, and clinical profiles of study participants were collected by nurses using the structured questionnaire. The diagnosis of dengue was made based on positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay result for specific IgM antibody for dengue in serum. Result: When compared to dengue-negative cases, dengue-positive cases had thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, erythrocytosis, high hemoconcentration, low mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). However, binary logistic regression predicted platelet count, total leucocytecount, MCH, MCHC, neutrophil count and lymphocytecountas significant predictors of dengue positivity. Conclusion: In conclusion, liver injury is nearly universal in adult patients with DI. Though liver involvement is asymptomatic in a large majority, in some patients it leads to clinical manifestations of liver disease and may occasionally lead to acute liver failure and death. Care must be taken to not make a mistaken diagnosis of viral hepatitis. Further studies are needed to define the mechanisms of liver injury due to this infection.