A Prospective Study on Medullary Carcinoma of Thyroid with Possible Clinical, Cytological and Histopathological Correlation
Dr. Bodepudi Madhavi
Page Numbers : 459-465
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2020.v05i11.003
It is a prospective study done between 2010 to till date on 1123 thyroid lesions to estimate the incidence of medullary carcinoma of thyroid. Fine-needle aspiration (FNAC) was the initial diagnostic procedure to evaluate thyroid lesions. This study correlates FNAC cytology results with clinical, radiological and histopathological findings. Repeat FNAC and Ultrasound guided FNAC was done for inadequate samples and for difficult to palpate lesions. Medullary thyroid carcinoma is a hormone-producing malignant tumor that synthesizes calcitonin. MTC can be Sporadic or Familial. MTC is suspected after physical examination by measuring plasma calcitonin. For a positive diagnosis, histopathological confirmation is required. The extent of the tumor and the presence of metastatic spread are determined by using ultrasonography (USG), Computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A ims and objectives: To study the Incidence, cytological, histopathological and clinical correlation of medullary carcinoma of thyroid and to confirm the previous findings mentioned in the literature and to find any other additional findings from the histological and cytological view. To show the unique nature, rarity, and associations of medullary carcinoma. Marterials and methods: This study was conducted in the department of pathology in Mamata Academy of medical sciences Hyderabad and Mamata medical college. The material comprises of FNACs and thyroid specimens from Mamata General Hospital, Khammam and Mamata Academy of medical sciences from January 2010 to January 2020. Data was obtained from the surgical and pathology departments of Mamata General Hospital Khammam and Mamata Academy of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad Telangana. Routine Hematoxylin and Eosin, Pap stains were used to stain the smears and slides. For confirmation Congo red and calcitonin special stains were used and by checking baseline Calcitonin levels.
Review Article
Nov. 16, 2020
Antimicrobial Activities of Selected Medicinal Plant with Potential Role of Chemical Compounds
Several studies about the medicinal plants provide the evidences about the chemical compounds found in onions. These compounds included the catechole as well as ferulic acids, quercetin and kaempferol. The efficiency of the kaempferol has maximum as compared to the quercetin to inhibit the growth of the B.cereus. The antimicrobial activity of the plants has been precisely studied in the experimental investigations. The ultimate goal of all chemicals obtaining from the plants to target the major groups of the bacteria that causes diseases in human body, fishes and also other animals. There are certain gaps in literature about the different activities of the extracts of the onion. The antimicrobial activity of the onion extract remains unclear because of different microbes such as E.coli and S.aureus showing the resistance against the particular compound. Several relevant data and other research based studies showed comprehensive relationship to the antimicrobial activity of the onions in vitro against the different types of the microbes that causes different diseases such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella shigella, Vibrio cholera and Staphylococcus aureus. Quercetin and its related compounds possess the sulphur as a functional group. So, onions broadly used to treat the medical related disease in such a way that less side effected products obtaining from the plant in comparison to the industry that completely synthesized the products chemically and hence has more side effects.
Review Article
Nov. 9, 2020
Spinal Tumors- A Case Series of 5 Cases with Clinicopathological Review
Nitika kumari, Sai Sudha, Mary Lily
Page Numbers : 453-458
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2020.v05i11.002
Background: Spinal tumors are tumors that can occur within or adjacent to the spinal cord. It can be primary tumors or secondary/ metastatic tumors. Primary tumors of the spine are rare and most of these lesions are asymptomatic. Primary spinal cord tumors account for 2 to 4 percent of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Spinal tumors are classified based on their location as extradural and intradural. Intradural tumors can be intramedullary spinal cord tumors (IMSCT) or intradural extramedullary (IDEM). Objective: To review the clinicopathological features of 5 histologically confirmed spinal tumor cases. Material & Methods: This study includes 5 cases of spinal tumors diagnosed by histopathological examinations. Result: Out of 5 cases we got 2 meningiomas, 1 spinal angiolipoma,1 schwannoma, and 1 myxopapillary ependymoma. Conclusion: The study can contribute to epidemiologic knowledge of Spinal cord tumors
Review Article
Nov. 5, 2020
Bleached Sphingomonas Paucimobilis
Dr. Grishma Kulkarni
Page Numbers : 446-452
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2020.v05i11.001
Sphingomonas are ubiquitous bacteria, widely distributed in the nature, soil and water including the water sources in the hospital environment, contains at least more than 30 species, which of only paucimobilis is an occasional pathogen.1 It is one of the non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli that is emerging as an opportunistic pathogen [7]. S.paucimobilis is considered to be the organism of low virulence likely owing to absence of endotoxin and typical polysaccharide and thus responsible for less mortality and morbidity but sometimes can lead to septic shock. To support this, retrospective study conducted at our hospital on total 1580 inpatient (IP) blood samples for culture yielding positivity of 0.44% for the growth of S.paucimobilis, did favour the survival of the all the patients. All the blood isolates produced distinct white or off-white coloured colonies on blood and chocolate agar hence referred as “Bleached Sphingomonas paucimobilis.”
Original Research Article
Oct. 29, 2020
A Clinicopathological Study of Spectrum of Pigmented Skin Lesions in Southern India: A Three Year Experience at a Tertiary Care Centre with Review of Literature
Dr. Abhishek Singh, Dr. Pragya Sharma, Dr. Akriti Kashyap, Dr. Arijit Sen, Dr. Rajeshwari Dabas, Dr. Reetika Pal
Page Numbers : 437-445
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2020.v05i10.005
Pigmented skin lesions refer to lesions that are black, brown or blue in color. These lesions include both melanocytic and non-melanocytic lesions. A number of pigmented lesions are difficult to classify because of wide spectrum of histological appearances and raise the possibility of melanoma. With this study we intended to evaluate the spectrum of pigmented skin lesions and to correlate the clinical diagnosis with the histological diagnosis. In this retrospective study, 75 cases of pigmented skin lesions were reviewed on hematoxylin and eosin stained paraffin embedded tissue sections from June 2017- May 2020 in the Department of Pathology at a Tertiary Care Hospital and analyzed according to age, gender, site of occurrence and histological types. Out of the 75cases evaluated there were 23 melanocytic lesions and 52 non- melanocytic lesions. Overall, benign melanocytic nevi (13 cases) were commonest lesions followed by seborrheic keratosis (11 cases). The lesions presented from 1st -9th decade with slight female predominance. The most common site involved was head and neck. Clinicohistopathological correlation showed positive correlation in 55(73.3%) cases and negative correlation in 20 cases (26.6%). Pigmented skin lesions are common presenting problem, while majority are benign a small minority can be malignant. A histological interpretation by pathologist is essential to correctly diagnose these lesions in order not to miss a small percentage of malignant tumors and to differentiate melanocytic lesions from its nonmelanocytic mimickers.
Original Research Article
Oct. 29, 2020
Cell Block as a Tool of Diagnostic Refinement in Cytological Examination of Pleural and Peritoneal Effusions
Dr. Aswini Gude, Dr. Danda Mani Mala, Dr. Varun Kamidi
Page Numbers : 431-436
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2020.v05i10.004
Cytological examination of body fluids enables us to examine and differentiate between inflammatory, benign and malignant effusions. Cell block (CB) technique is method of cytological examination of serous fluids besides conventional smear (CS) technique. The aim of this study was to compare the role of cell block technique over the conventional smear technique in the cytological diagnosis of serous fluids. This was a prospective study done at our medical college and tertiary care hospital between 2017 to 2020. A total of 114 patients were included in the study that underwent paracentesis for effusion cytology. Equal quantities of pleural and peritoneal fluid received and prepared into CS and CB for examination. Cellularity, architecture patterns, morphological features and yield for malignancy were compared, using the two methods. 71 were pleural fluid and 43 were peritoneal fluids. CS and CB comparison for cellularity showed statistically significant (p<0.05) and comparison of malignant effusion done with McNemar’s test for CB showed that CS method was not superior to CB method in pleural, peritoneal and total body effusions. The stastistical analysis of malignant effusions (n=114) for cell block method for sensitivity was 100%, specificity 79.63%, positive predictive value 21.43% and negative predictive value 100%. The CB method provides high cellularity, better architectural patterns, morphological features and an additional yield of malignant cells than CS method. CB method is superior to CS method.
Original Research Article
Oct. 23, 2020
A Study on Vaginal Vault Cytology in Post Hysterectomy Patients with Possible Histopathological Correlation
Bodepudi Madhavi, Lakshmi Manasa Perubhotla
Page Numbers : 420-427
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2020.v05i10.002
A total of 223 pap tests done on women who attended the outpatient ward for follow-up visits after posthystrectomy for malignant and benign indications between the years 2015 to till date in Mamata Medical College, Khammam and Mamata academy of medical sciences, Bachupally Hyderabad. Each woman under investigation had a clinical history, gynecological examination and a sample collected from the vaginal vault by using cytobrush or Ayres’s spatula for preparing the Pap smear in the pathology department to study the vaginal vault cytology. A vaginal biopsy was also taken in possible cases for histopathology. Aims and objectives: Early detection of invasive and pre-invasive lesions in the vaginal vault in post hysterectomy patients by using Pap test as a Primary screening procedure. To determine the use and effectiveness of Pap smears in detecting Recurrent and primary malignant lesions on vaginal vault samples in post-hysterectomy patients.
