Molecular Detection of Enteric Viruses in Treated Wastewater, Surface and Groundwater in Errachidia Region, Morocco
Rachid Bounagua, Hicham El Rhaffouli, Fatima El Boukhrissi, Naoufel Rahmatallah, Zakaria Yassin, Hind El Kasraoui, Abdelillah Laraqui, Coralie Portelli-Clerc, Yassine Sekhsoukh, Ouafaa Fassi-Fihri
Page Numbers : 23-28
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2021.v06i01.006
One-year surveillance for enteric viruses in raw sewage, treated water and groundwater near of near effluents from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTPs) of Errachidia, Morocco from March 2018 to April 2019. samples were carried out in 1-liter bottles sterile propylene at the levels of raw water, treated water, and effluent water at several points and well water. Virus concentration was performed according to an end point filtration on cellulose nitrate filter of 0.2µm pore. A total of 108 was screened for Enterovirus (EV), Rotavirus (RV), Norovirus (NoV) and Hepatitis A (HAV) using a real time RT-PCR technique. The study shows a persistence of the contamination of the treated water, effluents and groundwater by EV, NoV and RV. Contrariwise, no HAV was detected in any sample performed during the study period. Detection rate for EV ranged from 100% for surface water to 50% for groundwater. For NoV detection rate ranged from 100% to 33% for surface and groundwater respectively while RV was detected in 8% to 42% in surface water and 0% to 8% in groundwater. These results suggest that enteric virus contamination of wadi Ziz negatively impact on their microbiological quality since they are used for irrigation and drinking intake, which exposes the population of the region to constant risk of acute gastroenteritis, especially in children.
Original Research Article
Jan. 9, 2021
Histopathological Findings of Endometrial Curettage Specimens in Women Having Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Dr. Manjani. S, Dr. Madhumittha. R, Dr. Chitra. T, Dr. Harke. A.B, Dr. Viswanathan. P, Dr. Saravanan. E, Dr. Karthik. S, Dr. Shobana. B, Dr. Srismitha. S
Page Numbers : 13-18
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2021.v06i01.004
Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding can manifest in various ways and is one of the common reasons for visit to the gynaecology OPD. Finding out the etiology is of paramount importance in the management of abnormal uterine bleeding. Histopathological study of endometrial curettings is one of the key ways to diagnose the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding. Materials and Methods: Study was conducted as a prospective study spanning over 2 year in the pathology Department of KIMS. The study participants include women with abnormal uterine bleeding who are subjected to general physical examination and basic laboratory investigations. Curettage specimens from these patients were subjected to histopathological examination to find out the etiology. Results: Examination was done on curettage specimens of 150 women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding. The functional causes are more common than organic causes and the proportion increases as the age advances. Hyperplasias either simple, complex or atypical are more common organic etiologies. Endometrial adenocarcinoma is the most common malignancy encountered in the endometrial specimens. Conclusion: There are numerous functional and organic causes that can manifest as abnormal different bleeding. Diagnosis of these causes relies mainly on the histopathological examination of the curettage specimens. Hence management of abnormal uterine bleeding causes depends upon the histopathological diagnosis.
Original Research Article
Jan. 9, 2021
Prevalence of Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) and Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) In the Patients Presenting With Acute Viral Hepatitis at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Rajkot, Western India
Dr. Nirali Daftary, Dr. Dipika Patel
Page Numbers : 19-22
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2021.v06i01.005
Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) is a systemic infection affecting the liver predominantly. It is a major public health problem in India and other developing nations having inadequate sanitary conditions. This study was undertaken to determine the trends of Hepatitis A & E & their coinfection in a tertiary care hospital so that appropriate management of cases as well as prevention can be planned. Material & Methods: Over a 1-year period, a total of 1074 serum samples were collected from clinically suspected cases of hepatitis. The serum samples were screened for IgM anti-HAV and IgM anti-HEV. Seasonal variation & age group wise seropositivity of hepatitis A& E was studied. Results: Out of the total 1074 samples screened, the percentage positivity of Hepatitis A was 6% and Hepatits E was 15% respectively. Of both Hepatitis A & E positive cases, males outnumbered females. Majority of HAV positive cases were children whereas majority of hepatitis E positive cases were adults. Conclusion: The prevalence of HEV was more than HAV in enterically transmitted viruses, making them a major public health problem in our area. Seasonal trends of infection were observed in addition, co-infection though infrequent, but still detected in one case.
Original Research Article
Jan. 5, 2021
Carcinoma of Breast in Young Females A One-Year Retrospective Study
Abdul Hakeem Attar, Mohammad S. Iqbal
Page Numbers : 8-12
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2021.v06i01.003
Background & Objectives: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the second most common cancer worldwide. It is also the second leading cause of death due to cancer. Breast cancer is less frequent in the younger age group but have a poorer outcome in contrast to the breast cancer arising in the older age groups. There is a lack of awareness and due to this, majority of patients present late. The aim of this study is to know the incidence and clinicopathological features of breast cancer in young females under the age of 40 years. Methods: This is a retrospective study done over a period of one year at a tertiary care hospital in south India. The hospital and lab records were searched for histologically confirmed breast cancer cases in female patients under the age of 40 years. A total of 14 breast cancer cases were identified and hematoxylin and eosin stained histopathology slides were retrieved from the histopathology archives and were reviewed. The available slides of immunohistochemistry markers were also reviewed. Results: The most common histological type was infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) seen in 13 (92.8%) cases with 1 case of invasive lobular carcinoma. Half of cases were of stage III at the time of diagnosis. 4 (28.57%) cases presented as stage II and 3 (21.4%) cases were stage I. There was a predominance of higher grade with 7 (50%) cases having grade II and 5 (35.7%) of cases were grade III. On IHC, 4 cases (28.57%) were negative for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and Her 2 neu. Conclusion: Young breast cancer patients present with higher stage, higher tumor grade and hormonal receptor negative status. More studies are needed to investigate survival and post treatment recurrence in young females with breast cancer.
Original Research Article
Jan. 1, 2021
Histopathological Spectrum of Bone Lesions in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Dr. Manjani S, Dr. Arulparithi CS, Dr. Viswanathan P, Dr. Harke AB, Dr. Karthik. S, Dr. Shobana. B, Dr. Srismitha. S
Page Numbers : 5-7
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2021.v06i01.002
Background: Histopathology remains the key to diagnosis and management of bone lesions and the present study focuses on the relative frequencies of the various causes of bone lesions with respect to age and gender. Methods: The study was conducted as a combined retrospective and prospective study spanning over a 2 year period from 2018 to 2020. Consecutive bone specimens received in the Pathology Department were subject to histopathological examination and correlated with the demographic characteristics of the patient population. Results: Among the 105 specimens examined histopathology, non-neoplastic lesions were more common than neoplastic lesions (67 vs 38). Tuberculous osteomyelitis (n=22, 32.8%) was the most common non-neoplastic lesion. Osteochondroma (30.8%) and osteosarcoma (50%) are the commonest begin and malignant tumours respectively. Conclusion: Histopathology remains a gold standard for the diagnosis of bone lesions. Knowledge of the relative frequencies of various lesions with respect to age and gender is of paramount importance. This when combined with clinical and radiographic data helps in arriving at correct diagnosis.
Original Research Article
Jan. 1, 2021
Comparison between Fecal Occult Blood (FOB) Device with Ziehl-Neelson (Z.N) Stain and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Techniques in the Diagnosis of Early Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB)
Yousif M Alobaid, Amani S Elsheikh, Mosab Nouraldein Mohammed Hamad, Mogahid M. El Hassan
Page Numbers : 1-4
DOI : 10.36348/sjpm.2021.v06i01.001
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of Fecal Occult Blood (FOB) strips in the diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) isolated from sputum of tubercles patient. The study was carried out in Omdurman Teaching Hospital-Abu Anga-Tuberculosis ward. From 27th of August to 25th of September 2007. A total of 67 sputum samples collected from the suspected people. The samples examined by FOB test and Z.N techniques. Ten out of the enrolled samples, which showed positive FOB and negative Z.N techniques selected confirmed by using PCR techniques. The result showed that there were 12 (17.9%) of cases were Z.N (+ve), while 55 (82.1%) of cases were Z.N (-ve). It was also showed that there were 53(79.1%) of cases were FOB test (+ve), while 14(20.9%) of cases were FOB test (-ve). According to PCR techniques, after performed 10 samples that showed Z.N (-ve) and FOB test (+ve), it was noted that there were 4(40%) of cases were PCR (+ve), while 6(60%) of cases were PCR (-ve).
Case Report
Dec. 30, 2020
Epithelioid Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (EMPNST) in Children: About A Case and Review of the Literature
Epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (EMPNST) known as "epithelioid malignant schwannoma", described for the first time in 1954. It is an entity that has the same clinical features as MPNST but whose cytological and histological characters are different. It is characterized by an epithelioid cytomorphology, usually diffuse S100 immunoreactivity and some cases come from preexisting schwannomas. Clinically, it presents as a painful or asymptomatic mass, whether or not it is located on a nerve path. Imaging plays an essential role in preoperative diagnosis and assessment, but histology remains the key examination for confirmation of the diagnosis. Treatment is based on surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. His prognosis is grim. The objective of this work is to underline the histopathological aspects of this very rare entity, in particular in children, by reporting an observation of a 21 month old infant.
