The tourism and hospitality industries are vital to the global economy, employment market, and cross-cultural interchange of nations. Libya is ripe for growth in the tourist sector thanks to its varied landscapes, rich historical legacy, and cultural attractions. The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of Tourist destination online content (TDOC) perceptions on satisfaction, behavioral intentions, and digital marketing interactions; to analyze the effect of satisfaction and digital marketing on behavioral intentions of tourists; and as mediation variable between tourist behavioral intentions and TDOC perceptions. The population in this study were individuals involved in tourism and hospitality activities in Libya. This research is quantitative research, where sampling technique used was non-probability sampling (purposive sampling). The number of samples used in this study was 300 respondents, the data collected using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used in this study was Partial Least Square (PLS) using Smart PLS version 4.0 software. The result showed that Tourist destination online content perceptions have a positive impact on their satisfaction, Tourists’ TDOC perceptions positively impact their behavioral intentions, Tourists’ TDOC perceptions significantly and positively affect digital marketing interactions, Satisfaction can't mediates between tourist behavioral intentions and TDOC perceptions, Satisfaction significantly and positively affects the behavioral intentions of tourists, Digital marketing interactions have a positive impact on the behavioral intentions of tourists, Digital marketing can't mediate tourist behavioral intentions and TDOC perceptions. The implications of the study highlight the importance of engaging digital content, social media optimization, and improving tourist satisfaction in Libya's tourism sector. It recommends active use of social media, focusing on service quality, and training industry players to design effective digital marketing campaigns to enhance tourist engagement and behavioral intentions.

Maize crop is cultivated for the purpose to obtain high production of grains. Term maize is derived from Latin language, meaning life benefactor. Its grains possess high nutritional values. Because of high importance of maize grains, a study was performed according to CRD by three replications to examine the mitigating effects of antioxidants such as citric acid, ascorbic acid and salicylic acid to salt toxicity. Foliar application of these three antioxidants were done at 200 ppm concentration and one treatment as mixture of 100 ppm of all three antioxidants. Data was noted for different growth, physiological and yield attributes. Analysis of data revealed that 100 ppm concentration mixture of all three antioxidants provided highest results for all attributes. The 100 ppm antioxidant mixture foliar application caused 8% increase in plant height and 29% increase in ear length as compared to controlled plants sprayed with water. It also caused significant increase in concentration of all photosynthetic pigments such as Chl a, Chl b and carotenoids. Foliar application with 100 ppm of antioxidant mixture also caused 21% increase in catalase activity and 27% increase in peroxidase activity. This treatments also helped plants to accumulate more potassium and provided lowest (0.44) Na+/K+ ratio. Hundred grain weight was observed highest (44.7) in plants sprayed with 100 ppm of antioxidant mixture. Harvest index of those plants were also highest (45.65). So, from these results it can be assumed that 100 ppm antioxidant mixture foliar application provided highest results followed by 200 ppm concentration of ascorbic acid.

Introduction: Twin pregnancies present unique challenges for both maternal and neonatal health. These pregnancies are associated with an increased risk of complications, such as preterm labor, growth restrictions, and higher rates of perinatal mortality. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, from January 2008 to December 2008. Total number of cases were 132. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. A descriptive method was adopted in this study. Result: In this study of 132 twin pregnancies, 1.47% of deliveries were twins. Most patients were aged 20-35 years and multiparous. Preterm births accounted for 40.15%, with 43.93% of pregnancies reaching full term. Common maternal complications included premature labor (50%) and anemia (37.87%). The perinatal mortality rate was 10.98%, with prematurity (40.15%) being the leading cause of morbidity. Most twins had favorable APGAR scores (79.3% at 1 minute, 91.2% at 5 minutes), and birth weights were predominantly between 1.6-2.5 kg. Conclusion: This study concludes that twin pregnancies pose significant maternal and neonatal risks, including preterm labor, anemia, and hypertensive disorders in mothers, as well as prematurity and respiratory distress in neonates. However, the majority of neonates showed favorable outcomes with improved APGAR scores over time. While perinatal mortality was relatively low, proper management and early intervention are crucial in improving outcomes.

This study investigates the dynamic behaviour of an elastically supported uniform Rayleigh beam subjected to the passage of moving distributed masses with varying velocities, where the loading conditions vary arbitrarily with time. The motion of this problem is described by a fourth-order partial differential equation, which governs its behaviour. The beam’s non-stationary response under such dynamic loading scenarios is analysed using the weighted residual method, which converts the governing equation into a sequence of linked second-order differential equations to facilitate the analysis. A rewritten version of Struble’s asymptotic method further simplifies the transformed governing equation. This modification aids reduction in the complexity of the equation. The closed-form response is contrasted for the acceleration and deceleration motion. The study thoroughly examines how different velocities and frequencies of the moving force affect the dynamic behaviour of the beam. Key aspects explored include the influence of axial force, foundation modulus, and shear modulus in the support structure, the impact of varying mass distributions, and the time-dependent nature of the applied loads. The results help further understand the structural dynamics in complex environments and offer insights into optimising the design and performance of similar systems under non-stationary dynamic loads.

Acid attacks, a heinous act of violence, continue to inflict immense suffering on victims worldwide. This article explores critically the root causes of acid attacks, highlighting their connection to patriarchal norms, societal inequalities, and personal discords. The devastating physical, psychological, and socioeconomic consequences of survivors are examined, underlining the challenges they face in their recovery and reintegration. The paper analyzes the legal and social responses implemented in various countries, including Nepal, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, the United Kingdom, Uganda, and Cambodia. By analyzing these responses, the paper assesses their effectiveness in prevention, prosecution, and ensuring justice for victims. Ultimately, this paper calls for increased public awareness, strengthened legal frameworks, improved access to healthcare, and comprehensive support services to minimize pervasive scourge and empower survivors.

This study systematically examines the knowledge and practices of Peripheral Intravenous Catheterization (PIVC) among nursing professionals at the Armed Forces Hospital in King Abdulaziz Air Base (AFH-KAAB) in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The primary objective is enhancing success rates and minimising complications associated with intravenous cannulation through improved training methodologies. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this research integrates qualitative insights from clinical practice and focus group discussions with quantitative data analysis. Data were collected using a self-administered survey and analysed using SPSS Version 29. The survey encompassed socio-demographic information, sources of knowledge concerning PIVC, and specific practices associated with PIVC. The findings reveal that socio-demographic factors significantly impact knowledge and practice levels, underscoring the need for tailored educational resources. The study concludes that implementing targeted interventions to enhance nurses’ knowledge and skills in PIVC can significantly improve patient safety, increase success rates, and lead to more favourable healthcare outcomes. These findings provide critical insights for developing customized training programs and educational initiatives to elevate nurses’ competency and proficiency in PIVC. Ultimately, these efforts contribute to achieving zero harm in intravenous care and optimising healthcare quality by reducing patient harm.

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction at fitness facilities. This type of research is quantitative with a correlation method, sample selection using accidental sampling consisting of: 1) 64 respondents who train at the gym, 2) 114 respondents who train at a fitness studio (type of training: training zumba, pilates, yoga, calisthenics, poundfit, TRX, body combat), 3) 82 respondents who train at a swimming pool or sports field (type of training: soccer, fun football, futsal, badminton, basketball, tennis). The questionnaire on the indicators in Service Quality is Tangibility, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy, then the indicators in Satisfaction are Complaints and Suggestions System, Comfort and Safety, Communication. The results of this study are that Service Quality has a positive effect on Satisfaction 0.000, then the correlation value is 1) facilities in the gym r = 0.636, 2) facilities in the fitness studio r = 0.687, 3) facilities in the swimming pool or sports field r = 0.504. The conclusion of this study confirms the importance of service quality in improving customer satisfaction in fitness facilities. For further research, it is recommended that the data collection time be extended. Then, broader research with a larger population is also needed to obtain more representative results.

Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis (PVNS) is a joint disorder characterized by benign but locally aggressive proliferation of the synovial membrane. The localized form is rare, and its nonspecific symptoms make diagnosis challenging. We report a case of localized PVNS of the knee in a 47-year-old man. Arthroscopic resection resulted in complete recovery, with total and permanent resolution of symptoms and no recurrence.

Technology has found its way slowly but surely into the classroom. This calls for the need to write on the title “Utilization of Digital Methods of Teaching for Interactivity and Effective Teacher Delivery at Basic Levels in Kaduna State.” Teachers are now exposed to using technological facilities in the instructional process to increase their abilities to use ICT gadgets for individualized instruction and assessment, arousing learners’ interest, retaining attention, and facilitating assimilation, understanding, recall, interaction, and collaboration. COVID-19 has opened a new normal in the classroom, where the sudden closure of schools calls for virtual or digital instruction. This technology can be applied to inject content, ideas, or encourage interactivity with or without a teacher. Trainees and teacher educators need to be exposed to these digital methods of teaching to remain updated, relevant, and technology-compliant. The paper discusses the nature and characteristics of technology-based methods, identifies six digital instructional methods for effective facilitation in the 21st century, and presents the processes, resources, problems, and recommendations for effective utilization. These elements are discussed in the paper for innovation and sustainability in Teacher Education.

Examining end-of-life care considerations within an Islamic context, the discussion delves into the intricate nuances surrounding ECMO patients. Drawing from Quranic teachings and Hadith principles, it underscores the sanctity of life and emphasizes compassionate decision-making. Advocating for integrating religious perspectives in healthcare highlights the importance of open dialogues, consultation with religious authorities, and respect for individual values. Islamic beliefs on life, death, and destiny shape the discourse on end-of-life care, focusing on dignity and quality of life preservation. Proposing a compassionate approach to ECMO discontinuation, the narrative emphasizes early consultations, transparent communication, shared decision-making, and advanced care planning for a dignified end-of-life journey.

Tuberculosis (TB) TB disease is still a health threat both worldwide and in Indonesia. Cases of TB disease in Majalengka District continued to increase in 2020, with as many as 9,497 cases; in 2021, as many as 12,692 cases; and in 2022, a significant increase of 21,956 cases. This study aims to determine patient characteristics, level of adherence, and effectiveness of TB treatment, as well as the relationship between adherence and effectiveness of TB treatment in a hospital in Majalengka District in West Java. The research method used was descriptive observational analysis with retrospective data collection based on TB patient treatment cards. Adherence data was collected by completing the MMAS-8 questionnaire, and effectiveness data were collected by recording sputum examination results using SITB software. The sample is the total population according to the criteria. The technique used to draw this sample was total sampling, namely the total number of TB patients in a Hospital from November 2023 to April 2024, which was 45 patients. Data analysis was done using the Chi-square test. A total of 95.6% had a high level of adherence, and 4.4% of patients had moderate adherence. The efficacy of TB treatment was 100%, with 97.8% cured status and 2.2% complete treatment. There was a significant relationship between adherence and TB treatment effectiveness, with a p-value of 0.044 (sig<0.05).

Background: In the underdeveloped world, microbial infections constitute a serious public health concern. About half of all deaths in tropical nations are thought to be caused by infectious diseases. In addition, some well-known pathogens have assumed new epidemiologic importance by acquiring antimicrobial resistance. Some plants are known as medicinal because they contain active substances that cause specific reactions relating to the cure of human disease. Acacia nilotica, commonly known in Sudan as Garad or Sunt, has many medicinal uses. Objectives: This study used the agar diffusion method to study the antibacterial activity of the different concentrations of ethanolic extract of the medicinal plant Acacia nilotica pods against selected gram-negative bacteria. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done in Shendi Town, River Nile State, at the microbiology laboratory at Shendi University. Eighty-five wound swabs and urine specimens were collected from patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection and wound infection who attended Shendi Teaching Hospital and Almek Nimir University Hospital from February to March 2023; bacteria were isolated and identified using colonial morphology, Gram stain, and biochemical tests. Using the agar well diffusion method, we tested the Acacia nilotica extract at 100%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5% w/v concentrations. Results: This study found infection was persistent in patients aged 26–34. Escherichia coli was a primary isolate. According to gender, out of 85 specimens, 26 (30.6%) were males, whereas 59 (69.4%) were females. The ethanolic extract of Acacia nilotica pods was screened for their antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, K. pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Serratia, Providencia, and Proteus vulgaris. The antimicrobial effect of the extract was compared with the standard drugs. Crude extracts of Acacia nilotica inhibited the growth of various bacteria and showed its broad spectrum antimicrobial potential, which may be employed in managing microbial infections. Conclusion: The fruits of Acacia nilotica were the subject of these investigations, demonstrating its potent in vitro activity against clinically isolated bacteria and its potential as a treatment for various bacterial and viral infections.

Topical drug administration is a localized drug delivery system anywhere in the body through Optimized invasomal formulation was sealed in 10ml glass vial and stored at refrigeration temperature (4 - 8°C) and room temperature for one month. Entrapment efficiency, physical appearance was determined at regular intervals ophthalmic, rectal, vaginal and skin as topical routes. Skin is one of the most readily accessible organs on human body for topical administration and is main route of topical drug delivery system. Invasomes are considered an inventive drug delivery system for the transdermal route. It improves the permeability of drugs across the skin layers which limits the absorption of poorly permeated drugs. It is also used for enhancing the efficacy and duration of action for drugs that had first-pass metabolism in the liver requires multiple daily doses. Invasomes contain unique components (Phospholipids, terpenes and ethanol) that act as safe and effective drug permeation enhancers across skin layer. Bacitracin is a cyclic polypeptide antibiotic used to prevent wound infections, treat pneumonia and empyema in infants, and to treat skin and eye infections. Bacitracin (200mg) was loaded in to invasomes by mechanical dispersion technique using Phospholipon 90H, terpene (Limonene) and ethanol, The optimized Bacitracin -loaded invasomes was incorporated into carbopol 934p (0.5 to 2%) solution to get a hydrogel for improving convenience in superficial application. FT-IR studies revealed no interaction between the drug and excipients. The formulated hydrogel formulation was evaluated with parameter pH, viscosity, gel strength, drug content, spreadability, in-vitro release test, washability, extrudability study and stability studies. The formulation IG-2 showed a drug content of 98.74% and drug release of 99.85% in 12hrs, which contains carbopol 934p concentration 2%w/w. The present work also focuses on making the formulation more pharmaceutically acceptable.

Enhancing the quality of care for children after cardiac surgery is vital to assist caregivers in making informed choices regarding diagnosis and treatment. Cardiac surgery is a significant event for families, necessitating comprehensive aftercare to support the child’s recovery and reintegration into normal life. The post-surgical outcomes depend heavily on effective management during the recovery phase, as different cardiac conditions may require lifelong monitoring or further interventions. Recognizing early clinical indicators of complications is crucial for improving both short- and long-term prognosis. This review emphasizes the importance of structured postoperative care for children, offering a framework for caregivers and healthcare providers to address potential challenges and optimize outcomes.

Suicide is a multifaceted issue that presents a significant challenge to public health worldwide, impacting individuals, families, and communities. This article offers a thorough examination of the occurrence, factors contributing to, and methods of preventing suicide, focusing specifically on the Indian context. Despite continuous endeavors, suicide rates in India persist at concerning levels, underscoring the necessity for cohesive interventions and cooperative prevention approaches. Through an analysis of current research and programs in this area, this article seeks to enhance comprehension of suicide prevention endeavors in India and guide forthcoming tactics to address this critical public health concern.