Elegy is a prominent and important topic of Arabic poetry in Nigeria, as through it the poet can express his feelings and pain he suffers due to the magnitude of the calamity resulting from the loss of a loved one who has a high status in the hearts of the people, despite all this, the elegy of women, whether a wife, daughter or sister, was very little and rare among Nigerian poets. Perhaps the reason for this is what critics have said, that the most difficult elegy for a poet is to eulogize a child or a woman, due to the narrowness of speech and the scarcity of attributes. This may lead to the failure of the poet, especially in the eulogy, which is a reminder of the tragedy and praise of the virtues of the deceased, and mentioning and enumerating his good qualities. This has led poets to abandon this type of elegy, except for a few of them. Among the contemporary Nigerian poets who practiced the elegy of women, despite the difficulty involved, is the poet Muhammad Nazir bin Muhammad Al-Qaurawi. This article aims to conduct an analytical literary study of the poet’s poem “Al-Hamziyah” in which he mourned his sister, with the aim of discovering the poem’s artistic values and highlighting the poet’s emotional quality in it. The article will focus on addressing this problem using the analytical method, relying on the following elements: a brief overview of the poet - presentation of the poem - structure of the poem and the poet’s emotional quality in it - the most important ideas contained in the poem - elements of elegy in the poem - artistic values in the poem - artistic evaluation of the poem - conclusion - list of references.

The term Human-Wildlife conflict (HWC) refers to the interaction between Human and Wild animals, which as a result causes a negative impact on the Human population, wild animals, their habitats and resources. This conflict takes place when the rapidly thriving human population get their hands in the well-established territory, which ultimately creates the competition for habitat as well as resources. HWC now becoming a very serious global issue and for resolving this conflict the global concern is required for the conservation of wildlife and development of humans alike. Taking into consideration, that expanding demands for access to land and resources by the exponential growth of the human population and urbanization, it is clear that this growing conflict between human and wildlife will not be abolished in the coming future. So the reason is very obvious and clear for the better understanding of this continuously increasing conflict and hence management options are very crucial for the good survival of both human as well as wildlife. The study reveals that human wildlife conflict is a growing problem throughout the study area and a number of causes have been identified in this regard. The issues need to be solved sincerely in order to avoid Man-animal conflict. This research articles reveals the damaged caused by wild animals to human being from 2014 to 2024 in Chenab region of Jammu and Kashmir along with the impact and mitigation strategies.

This paper examines how Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed financial reporting, auditing, and decision-making in accounting. Amidst rapid technological advancement, the article investigates the shift from manual, labour-intensive accounting systems to AI-driven ones. AI integration is changing accounting, and the goal is to objectively assess its potential and drawbacks. A thorough literature review and bibliometric analysis evaluate peer-reviewed articles, case studies, and industry reports over the past decade. This method ensures a complete understanding of AI's use in accounting, its impact on precision and effectiveness, and its strategic implications for accounting professionals and enterprises. Results show that AI improves financial reporting by automating repetitive tasks and enabling statistical analysis for strategic decision-making. Problems include the need for AI-savvy people, data security concerns, and high AI integration costs. The research shows that unwillingness to change is a key barrier to AI in accounting. For a measured AI integration into accounting, the study emphasises continuing education, adaptation, and strategic foresight. It prioritises ethical and regulatory compliance and encourages AI training and development. The analysis found that AI may alter accounting techniques, creating new potential for development and innovation in the digital era, despite its challenges.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their notable electric conductivity, mechanical electricity, and high surface region, have emerged as essential materials in the design of high-overall-performance electricity garage devices. Their particular one-dimensional structure facilitates rapid electron/ion shipping, enhances electrode structure, and comprises volumetric changes, making them valuable in lithium-ion, lithium–sulfur, and metal air batteries and bendy super capacitors. CNTs have shown extensive improvements in power density, cycle lifestyles, and fee functionality either used for my part or in hybrid structures with graphite, metal oxides, and conductive polymers. Despite these benefits, several challenges hinder the large-scale software of CNTs. These encompass high manufacturing costs, poor dispersion in composites, weak interfacial bonding with energetic materials, and aggregation for the duration of fabrication, which adversely influences electrochemical overall performance and reproducibility. To triumph over those barriers, researchers are employing scalable and eco-friendly synthesis strategies, consisting of optimized chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and refining post-treatment approaches to improve purity and shape. Surface functionalization—each covalent and non-covalent improves compatibility with different materials, even as hybridization techniques beautify electrical pathways and structural integrity. Recent advances in CNT-based composites show their ability to suppress polysulfide shuttling in Li–S structures, boost electrolyte accessibility in bendy super capacitors, and increase mechanical and electrochemical stability beneath high-performance conditions. The use of 3D CNT frameworks and vertically aligned nanotube arrays has enabled the improvement of high-loading, binder-unfastened electrodes with superior ion accessibility. Additionally, CNTs display strong compatibility with emerging stable-nation and gel-based electrolytes, beginning new paths toward compact, safer strength devices.

Digital Literacy is one of the core competencies in the new Competency Based Curriculum (CBC), it enhances quality and standard of education and therefore intends to help learners achieve their potential both in school and in life. Despite the Kenyan government efforts to achieve one child one laptop (1:1) by 2030, its implementation process in public primary schools in Rongo Sub-County has been met with managerial challenges which has widened the digital and knowledge divides between Kenya and other developed countries in the world. The study primarily explored administrative challenges in the implementation of digital learning in public primary schools in Rongo Sub-County, Kenya. The study was guided by the Technology, Organization and Environment (TOE) model theory. The study employed descriptive survey design with a target population of 199 public primary schools. The study was carried out among 60 sampled public primary schools using a simple random sampling procedure. The study used questionnaires and interview schedules to get information from the respondents. The input of the supervisors was vital in developing and ascertaining the validity of the research instruments. A pilot study was carried out in three randomly selected schools with three headteachers, three deputy headteachers and three grade one class teachers in neighboring sub counties with the same characteristics as the sampled schools. Test-retest technique was used to get a reliability of 0.78, 0.70 and 0.72 for headteachers, deputy headteachers and grade one class teachers respectively. The questionnaires were distributed to headteachers, deputy headteachers and grade one class teachers. The collected data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 21.0) Windows. The findings were presented using frequency tables, mean, percentages, pie charts and bar graphs. The findings of the study showed that 63.6% (61) of headteachers and deputy head teachers agreed that the government did not allocate enough resources to schools towards the implementation of digital literacy while 67.7% (65) of them said that the available primary curriculum did not support digital literacy in schools. The study concluded that managerial challenges such as administrative challenges, were still major challenges affecting the implementation of digital learning in public primary schools in Rongo Sub- County. The study recommended that the government should uniformly provide ICT resources to all public primary schools. The results of this study are useful in the current implementation of CBC and digital learning in Kenya and beyond. The researcher adhered to research ethical considerations.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) is an effectual and comprehensive flagship program of the Indian government aimed at offering causal and assured employment opportunities to the rural population of the country, especially women, schedule caste (SCs) and schedule tribes (STs) communities. The MGNREGS Programme aims to promote inclusive development through a demand-driven and participatory approach because India’s rural areas have been characterized by rampant deprivations and lack of resources. This study analyses the recent developments in the financial progress, physical progress, and inclusiveness of the MGNREGS in Uttar Pradesh, India. This study used secondary data sourced from the official MGNREGA websites covering the period from 2020-21 to 2024-25. The analysis shows that the effectiveness of the MGNREGS programme in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, has not been effective in achieving the objectives of a minimum of 100 days of satisfactory job, and only a small number of people completed the 100 days from 2020-21-2024-25 and overall average days of employment was 44.44 days. However, the participation of women in the MGNREGS was more than the statutory limit of 33% over the year from 2020-21 to 2024-25 and continuously increased every year but slightly declined to 41.8% in 2024-25. The SC/ST person-days generated reduced over the year, and it found that the SC and ST person-days under the MGNREGS were the highest at 31.75% and 1.13% in 2022-23 and 2021-22, respectively. However, the study recommends aligning the MGNREGS programme with the marginalized group of people and focusing on climate-resilient works that create sustainable infrastructure in rural India and give priority to agriculture and allied sectors to transform the livelihood security of the rural community.

The rapid and continuous growth of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, have contributed to a surge in vehicular traffic, prompting concerns regarding air pollution and its health implications. This study to analyzed the spatial distribution of Particulate Matter (PM) in Port Harcourt and their possible effects on the respiratory health of residents of Port Harcourt Metropolis. Utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for mapping, air quality monitoring, this study identified pollution hotspots and investigated the prevalence of related respiratory health risks. The results demonstrate significant variations in PM concentrations across the study area, with high-emission zones associated with elevated rates of some respiratory illnesses. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions in air quality management and public health policies to reduce the detrimental effects of PM on respiratory health.

Smoking is a significant global public health concern, leading to many conditions such as cancer, pulmonary diseases, and cardiovascular disorders. This article examines the impact of smoking on human health, highlighting its biochemical and physiological effects. The study highlights the detrimental effects of prolonged tobacco use, considering both active and passive smoking. The study also examines the challenges associated with smoking cessation and the role of nicotine dependence in this process. The research evaluates public health programs and preventative strategies designed to reduce smoking prevalence. The findings emphasize the urgent necessity for comprehensive smoking control policies, awareness programs, and targeted cessation measures to mitigate the adverse health effects of smoking.

In-service welding is a type of hot work repair process using pipeline sleeves. It is hazardous and necessitates thorough planning and procedures. The inside pipe surface and fluid temperature are all unknown and unpredictable. Therefore, the risk resulting from burn-through where the welding arc causes pipe wall breaching, hydrogen cracking, and the likelihood of occupational health risks are high. Hence, this work aimed to predict the pipe’s inner surface temperature and fluid temperature in contact with the pipe’s inner surface during the buttering layers welding of the pipeline sleeve to determine if it is safe to carry out welding of the buttering layers in a no-flow condition. This analysis was achieved through 2-dimensional Steady-State Thermal Analysis in Ansys APDL (Ansys Parametric Design Language). The Ansys simulation results showed that the fluid temperature was high, almost getting to the fluid autoignition temperature, and in some instances, even higher than the fluid autoignition temperature. The implication is that, in-service buttering layers welding of pipeline sleeves must not be performed in a no-flow condition during pipeline repair. Also, hot work repair welding for pipeline sleeves by the in-service method could be safely done following all necessary precautions and preventive measures where in-service welding for pipeline sleeves during the buttering layers might cause a severe hazard and dangerous incidents such as explosion. The temperature prediction helps to assure safety in in-service welding for pipeline sleeves to avoid pipeline explosion due to extremely high temperature or decrease in the toughness of the Heat-affected-zone (HAZ) in the welded joint because of the high cooling rate of the weldment, which reduces the pipe mechanical strength.

Background: The rapid population growth in Saudi Arabia, projected to reach 39.5 million by 2030, have significantly pressured the healthcare system. Vision 2030’s healthcare transformation underscores the urgent need for reforms in Saudi nursing, emphasizing retention and professional development to ensure high-quality care. Purpose: This study examines factors influencing Saudi nurses' retention within a university hospital, focusing on job satisfaction, leadership, and work environment. Methods: Using a descriptive cross-sectional design, data was collected from 82 Saudi nurses. Results: Retention factors included the type of patients cared for (50%), workplace relationships (42.7%), and the feeling of making a difference (37.8%). Time off and professional development opportunities (28%) were also significant. Conversely, limited career promotion (69.5%) and inadequate salary (67.1%) were key reasons for leaving, alongside stressful conditions (48.8%), unsafe staffing (48.8%), and lack of leadership support (35.4%). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Adapting Saudi healthcare policies to align with cultural and religious values is more crucial than ever. Policies that integrate these aspects are vital for supporting the predominantly nurse female workforce and ensuring their long-term engagement and satisfaction.

Background: Diabetes during pregnancy, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM), is associated with increased maternal morbidity. While both conditions pose risks, comparative data on maternal complications remain limited. This study compares maternal complications among non-diabetic pregnant women, those with GDM, and those with PGDM to identify differences in complication rates and inform risk-specific clinical care. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and BIRDEM Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2004 to December 2005. A total of 150 pregnant women were enrolled and divided into three equal groups: Group A (non-diabetic), Group B (pregestational diabetes mellitus, PGDM), and Group C (gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM). Data were collected through questionnaires, clinical assessments, and medical records. Maternal complications during pregnancy, labor, and postpartum were recorded. Statistical analysis used SPSS, employing Chi-square and t-tests; p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Maternal complications were significantly higher in diabetic groups (66% in GDM, 68% in PGDM) compared to non-diabetics (28%). Cesarean delivery was more frequent in PGDM (60%) and GDM (52%) than in non-diabetics (20%). Postpartum complications, particularly wound infection and endometritis, were more prevalent in the PGDM group. Intra-partum interventions, such as instrumental and operative deliveries, were also higher among diabetic pregnancies. Conclusion: Both GDM and PGDM significantly increase maternal complication rates, with PGDM posing a higher risk. Early screening, strict glycemic control, and multidisciplinary management are essential for improving maternal outcomes.

Adapted riding has proven to be a successful sports intervention, yielding significant functional, social, educational, and therapeutic outcomes. Adapted riding offers tailored horsemanship experiences for participants, including those with autism spectrum disorder. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder appear to have motor difficulties based on standard motor assessments. It is also possible for them to present difficulties in executing standard motor tasks based on their age group. In addition, they experience challenges in controlling their posture, planning motor sequences, and mimicking movements, potentially hindering their ability to achieve age-appropriate motor milestones. The purpose of the study was to explore the possible benefits of adapted riding in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. For this purpose, a scoping review was performed. A total of 14 studies of recent years were examined. The age range was between 2 and 19 years, and the intervention programs lasted approximately 4 to 30 weeks. Results showed positive effects on motor, social, and behavioral areas, along with enhanced communication skills, ultimately leading to a better quality of life for this population. Notably, these programs resulted in advancements across several quality-of-life areas, such as reduced aggression and improved communication. Positive effects were also found on sensory seeking, sensory sensitivity, and focus, leading to less distraction and sedentary behaviors. Adapted Riding also had a positive impact on postural control, increased stability, and encouraged more participation in leisure activities. In conclusion, adapted riding is characterized as a valuable rehabilitative, educational, therapeutic and athletic method for individuals with autism spectrum disorder.

N-nitrosamines are carcinogenic impurities most commonly found in groundwater, treated water, foods, beverages and consumer products. The recent discovery of N-nitrosamines in pharmaceutical products and subsequent recalls pose a significant health risk to patients. Initial investigation by the regulatory agency identified Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) as a source of contamination. However, N-nitrosamine formation during API synthesis is a consequence of numerous factors like chemistry selection for synthesis, contaminated solvents and water. Furthermore, apart from API, N-nitrosamines have also been found to embed in the final product due to degradation during formulation processing or storage through contaminated excipients and printing inks. The landscape of N-nitrosamine contamination of pharmaceutical products is very complex and needs a comprehensive compilation of sources responsible for N-nitrosamine contamination of pharmaceutical products. Therefore, this review aims to extensively compile all the reported and plausible sources of nitrosamine impurities in pharmaceutical products. The topics like risk assessment and quantitative strategies to estimate nitrosamines in pharmaceutical products are out of the scope of this review.

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening hyperinflammatory condition that can complicate autoimmune diseases, malignancies, and infections. It is considered part of the spectrum of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and may affect both children and adults. Although MAS triggered by bacterial infections is uncommon, prompt recognition is crucial to ensure appropriate management. We report the case of a 7-year-old child admitted to the pediatric emergency department with severe Salmonellagastroenteritis complicated by MAS. The patient presented with persistent fever, diarrhea, vomiting, and signs of systemic inflammation. Laboratory investigations revealed pancytopenia, marked hyperferritinemia, and elevated liver enzymes, raising strong suspicion for MAS. Inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, were significantly elevated, and Salmonella was isolated through stool culture. Bone marrow examination did not reveal hemophagocytosis; however, its absence did not exclude the diagnosis due to known variability in this finding. Based on the clinical presentation and laboratory findings, a diagnosis of MAS secondary to bacterial infection was established. The patient responded favorably to intravenous antibiotic therapy and supportive care, with rapid clinical and biological improvement. This case highlights the importance of considering MAS in children presenting with sepsis-like symptoms and cytopenias, even when bone marrow findings are inconclusive, particularly in the setting of confirmed bacterial infection.

Uterine arteriovenous malformation (UVM) is a very rare abnormality resulting from anomalous arterio-venous connections in the uterus. Although rare, it causes potential life-threatening vaginal bleeding postpartum or following uterine curettage or abortions. Only a few cases have been reported in literature (less than 100). However, the incidence is assumed to be increasing due to increased availability of ultrasound scan and colour doppler studies for better detection. We present a case of a 39-year-old Para 3 woman with three previous caesarean sections (CS) who presented to our facility with vaginal bleeding associated tiredness, heart racing, lightheadedness of four days duration following surgical evacuation for missed abortion at nine weeks gestation.