The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the application of good university governance in South Sumatra and Bangka Belitung State Universities, while the state universities were Bangka Belitung University, Sriwijaya University, Sriwijaya State Polytechnic, Bangka Belitung Manufacturing Polytechnic. The principles of good university governance in this study are governance structure, autonomy, accountability, leadership, and transparency. Respondents from the study are structural officials in the form of questionnaires. The analysis used Friedman different test because groups of state universities that are new and long established, the results of the analysis that accountability and transparency in the application of good university governance between Bangka Belitung University and Sriwijaya University are different, unlike the Sriwijaya Polytechnic with the Bangka Belitung Manufacturing Polytechnic in the application of good university governance has no difference.

Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of degree of variation in the red blood cell size. RDW is recorded as a part of the standard complete blood cell count. The objective of this prospective research study is to find out the independent association of RDW with morbidity in various clinical conditions. This was a fourteen months prospective study done on 450 patients who attended OPD in tertiary care hospital, out of which 306 patients were diagnosed with various clinical conditions, out of which 270 patients showed raised RDW values. In multivariable analysis, RDW remained significantly associated with patient morbidity. In patients, RDW is an independent predictor of morbidity. Considering the fact that RDW is routinely measured in complete blood count without added expenses, this can play role as an "priceless prognostic indicator" in patients.

Plasma lipid can be affected by variety of ways in patient‘s of liver disease. Liver cirrhosis is associated with reduction in plasma TG and TC levels due to reduction in lipoprotein biosynthetic capacity. To study the lipid profile in patients of liver cirrhosis. One hundred and fifty subjects were studied after dividing them in to Case Group (n=75, patients with liver disease) and Control (n=75, age and sex matched apparently healthy subjects). Child Pugh Score (CPS) was used to assess the liver cirrhosis. MELD score was also estimated. Lipid profile was measured for all the subjects and correlated with different parameters. Mean age of cases and control group was 43.47±14.12 and 43.21±14.47 years respectively (p=0.914). Majority of the Cases and control were male (74.66%) and 77.30% respectively. TC and HDL level was low in subjects belong to CPS class C in comparison to subjects belong to CPS class B (p=0.03). Level of LDL, TG and VLDL were observed low in Cases which belongs to CPS class C in comparison to cases belong to CPS class B (p>0.05). Total serum protein and serum albumin was significantly low in Cases compared to Control (p=0.001) whereas serum globulin was significantly higher in Cases as compared to control cohort (p=0.001). Decrease in lipid level was noted in liver cirrhosis patients and severity of liver cirrhosis has lead to even more lower level of lipid in CPS class C compared to class B.

Plasmid-mediated resistance gene MCR-1 presence in MDR E. coli represents a paradigm shift in colistin resistance and poses serious threats in colistin use as last resort drug treatment in animal and human health. Following the first MCR- 1 description, researchers around the world published multiple reports about its presence in Enterobacteriaceae. In Morocco, among 560 APEC isolates from septicemic broilers thoroughly scrutinized by the disc diffusion method as an initial screening followed by MIC reference technic, 12 strains were suspected as potential carriers of MCR-1 gene. PCR and Sanger sequencing permitted confirmation of MCR- 1 presence in three strains giving sequence genes with 100 % homology to MCR-1 gene. Results were concordant with multiple reports about chicken suspicions as a potential reservoir for MCR-1 carrying E. coli. Therefore, the use of colistin in animal health must be more controlled and urgent establishment of a national program for antimicrobial resistance surveillance become crucial.

This study was conducted on 200 antenatal cases reporting to the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of MMIMS&R Mullana, having haemoglobin levels less than 11gm/dl. Study was aimed at the assessment of serum ferritin levels and haematological parameters in anemic pregnant women and to evaluate the degree of severity of anemia including it’s morphological types on the basis of peripheral blood film. A panel of haematological investigations was performed that included Hb estimation, RBC count, MCH, MCHC, MCV, PCV, peripheral blood film and biochemical test of serum ferritin estimation respectively. Majority of the antenatal cases (55%), showed microcytic hypochromic blood picture on PBF examination. Serum ferritin levels of <15µg/l were seen in maximum no of cases (92.5%), which was suggestive of iron deficiency. Conclusively, individual haematological parameters have their limitations, so a combination of different parameters certainly improves their usefulness in antenatal care. These parameters should be combined with other tests like serum ferritin levels estimation, to know the exact iron status in pregnancy, as it is an accurate measure of iron stores. It also distinguishes iron deficiency anemia from anemia of chronic disorders.

Beta-thalassemia major (BTM) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to iron overload resulting from ineffective erythropoiesis and repeated blood transfusions. The level of hepcidin, a regulator of iron homeostasis, is influenced by anemia and iron overload, both of which are present in children with BTM and have an opposing effect on hepcidin expression. This study aimed to assess the influence of iron overload and enhanced erythropoiesis on the levels of serum hepcidin in multitransfused patients with BTM. Complete blood counts, serum iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), percent transferrin saturation (%TS), serum ferritin (SF), serum transferrin receptors (sTfR) and serum hepcidin were measured in 52 patients with BTM and 35 controls. SF and sTfR were significantly (p<0.001) elevated in patients with BTM as compared to controls. Serum hepcidin was significantly (p<0.001) higher in patients (28.3±3.2 ng/ml) as compared to controls (8.3±4.6 ng/ml). A negative correlation was seen between serum hepcidin and SI, TIBC and %TS. No correlation was observed between serum hepcidin and SF as also sTfR. The mean serum hepcidin/ferritin ratio was significantly (p<0.001) lower in patients as compared to controls. The lack of correlation between hepcidin and SF as also sTfR, suggests that in BTM iron stores and erythropoietic activity do not play a role in hepcidin expression. The hepcidin/ferritin ratio was <1 in patients indicating a suppression of hepcidin relative to the degree of iron overload.

The surface is an important component of many technical parts to ensure tribo-technical functions. Development of new types of coatings and their deposition methods provides technically exploitable coatings with good tribological properties. In experiments in addition to conventional parameters such as friction coefficient, temperature, etc. are analyzed the surface properties in friction and wear area before and after the tribological tests using different methods and analysis. The paper deals about the possibilities of image analysis methods, using the Matlab Image Processing Toolbox, obtained by SEM for coatings based on DLC/CN to document the morphology of the surface before the tribological test. By the geometric properties modifications and applications of a wider spectrum of sophisticated operations and algorithms in image analysis have been made about the surface morphology of coatings analyzed.

Experiment was conducted during raining season (June/July) at the Biological Sciences garden of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, to determine the effect of different kinds of manure (neem litter, cow dung and poultry droppings) on the growth of Amaranthus viridis, Grown in polythene bags. The fertilizers (neem litter, Cowdung & poultry droppings) were applied at the rate of 1.5 g (gram) per polythene bag. The result showed that the plants fertilized with poultry droppings produced taller shoots and larger number of leaves, whereas the plants fertilized with neem litter, showed the lowest growth. The plants fertilized with cowdung were taller than plants fertilized with neem litter but smaller than plants fertilized with poultry droppings. Therefore based on this research it can be said that, poultry droppings may be used for high quality organic plant production.

Our objective was to determine if polymorphisms associated with bovine Hsp90 gene have potential as a selection tool for productivity traits in cattle. Genomic DNA was extracted from buffy coat samples of crossbred Angus (n = 26) cows. Data were analyzed with cow as the experimental unit, genotype as the main effect, and dependent variables (calving rate, Julian calving date, calf birth weight, calf weight and cow weight at weaning, and calculated cow efficiency). When F-tests were significant (P < 0.05) least-squares means were separated using multiple T-tests. Polymorphism A97G is a transition from adenine to guanine at base 97 of the 283 base amplicon. Of the 26 cows, 19 were homozygous for adenine, 7 were heterozygous, and no homozygous guanine, which resulted in a minor allele frequency of 13.5%. Calving rate and cow weaning weight were not (P > 0.9) associated with genotype at A97G. However, 205-day adjusted calf weight was associated (P = 0.0002) with A97G genotype (188 vs. 208.1  7.1 kg; respectively AA and AG). That heavier calf weaning weight improved (P=0.08) cow efficiency for AG cows (Table 2). Heterozygous cows shed their winter hair coats earlier than AA cows. June hair coat score for AG cows (1.6  0.17) was lower (P < 0.03) than June hair coat scores for AA cows (2.2  0.11). Single nucleotide polymorphism A97G was associated with productivity traits in beef cattle. Our results suggest that additional research with this mutation is warranted to determine its value as a genetic tool for selecting animals that are less susceptible to heat stress and related problems.

A study on bovine cysticercosis was conducted at Sokoto modern abattoir with the main objectives of determining the occurrence of cysticercosis in slaughtered cattle. A total of 80 samples were collected each containing of Heart, Tongue, Lungs, Liver, Kidney, Diaphragm and Masseter and investigated appropriately for Cysticercus cyst. Out of the total 80 inspected animals, 7 animals had variable number of Cysticercus bovis giving an overall prevalence of 8.8%. Anatomical distribution of the cyst showed that the highest proportions of C. bovis cyst were observed in tongue, followed by heart, triceps and masseter muscle. The main reason for the cysticercosis is the primary host (Humans) depositing T. saginata eggs on vegetation and from where cattle contracted the disease during grazing.

Pastoralism plays a role in nutritional, socio-economic and cultural needs of Nigerians. High cost of food importation and decline in resources to improve the nutritional standards made it essential to reduce dependency on imported produce in the country. However, pastoralists face serious problems in search of wetland and floodplains, on which they rely solely for food and water, especially during the dry season. Pastoralists are also being deprived of grazing land for reasons such as forest reserves, nature conservation and mining. They also need water for their animals and as such, its management is as important as the pastures. Hence, climate change affects the lives and activities of the pastoralist both directly and indirectly, despite their ability to easily adapt to climatic changes such as floods and droughts. High population pressure and higher demand for arable land are also threats to the pastoralist which prompted their utilization of marginal lands. This leads to constraints in grazing land, resulting in over grazing of the available ones and communal clashes that causes destruction of human and animal lives and as well as valuable properties. The literature reviewed in this article indicates that pastoralists develop rangelands ecosystems within extreme climates. It sustains the provision of goods and services to humanity and makes the soils more fertile by sequestering atmospheric carbon. SWOT-Analysis was conducted to reveal the strengths, opportunities and weaknesses of pastoralism as a system practiced in Nigeria and the way forward.

Philosophy and Christian education relate because both address life‟s basic questions like meaning of life, nature of morality, worth of knowledge, et cetera. Christian education is concerned with philosophy in that it seeks to know truths about God, about man and how to communicate those truths to others. Philosophy and theology are closely tied. While philosophy derives its nature and structure from human categories, “theology derives its structure and nature from the events of revelation of God in His Word.” From one hand, “revelation must be recognized as sources from which truth and meaning are gained; and on the other hand, as “principles of clear thinking [it] must be applied to the interpretation of God‟s revelation as found in the Bible and in nature” (Exploring Christian education). A personal philosophy of Christian education in this write-up is based on my faith and convictions as a Christian.

Certain physiological changes occur during normal pregnancy. These changes when exaggerated could result to adverse maternal outcome. Adverse cardiovascular outcomes have been previously linked with hypoalbuminemia in the general population. Few reports exist about serum albumin level in second and third trimester of pregnancy. Our study aims at determining serum albumin level in second and third trimesters of pregnancy. This was a case-control study involving randomly selected 40 non pregnant and 77 pregnant women in Makurdi, Nigeria. The participants were subdivided into 3 comparable groups; control n=40, second trimester n=37 and third trimester n=40. Mean age, body mass index (BMI), and serum albumin in the study groups were compared using ANOVA. Associations of age, BMI, gestation age and albumin were determined using Pearson correlation analysis. Serum albumin level was significantly (P<0.0004) lower in the pregnant groups compared to the controls. A post hoc test reveals a significant (P<0.0001) lower serum albumin in third trimester group than in second trimester and controls. Conclusion: Knowledge about hypoalbuminemia during pregnancy will help distinguish pathological hypoalbuminemia during antenatal checkup.

The aim of this experimental was to compare the durability of the use of the study transpedicular screw supported by dowel or bone cement. In this experimental study which was performed on fresh frozen calf vertebrae, two groups were formed. 7 fresh frozen calf vertebrae were used in each group (n=7). A transpedicular screw supported by a dowel was placed to the left side of the vertebrae and a transpedicular screw supported by bone cement was placed to the right side. Then mechanical pulling force was applied to these groups. The force at which the pull out of the screw occurred and the expansion value up to the moment of pulling out were recorded. There was no fracture in any subject. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of pulling out and expansion value (p = 0.58). There is no difference in durability between the uses of a transpedicular screw supported by a dowel or bone cement.

In particular there are two social settings in the world namely rural and urban and these two segments are subjected for a precipitate change. Also noticeable that, the media in the world that exposed for globalization performs a considerable task which affects the social environment, attitudes and behavioral conduct of individuals as revealed through investigations on social processes. This study was focused on Madirigiriya village in Polonnaruwa district in the North central province in Sri Lanka in line with a random sampling method having selected 153 informants for the sample. Information collected through a questionnaire with added investigations via focused group discussions (FGDs), and observations, attended in qualitatively and quantitatively. The software titled SPSS, Excel was used to analyze the data. The study revealed that due to the penetration of media, the living fashion had been affected by changing important social elements such as the food consumption pattern, physical environment of the house and the family system, daily routine, educational needs, changed hobbies also to change the political base in the society, awareness on legal framework.