The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of corporate social responsibility disclosure and intellectual capital elements toward corporate value, with the financial performance as intervening variable. The populations of this study are manufacturing companies listed by the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) within the period of 2015-2017. Data were collected by using purposive sampling method. Based on the mentioned criteria, 53 companies were selected as the samples of this study with 159 data. The analysis data method was using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis with Eviews software 9 versions. The finding shows that that (1) corporate social responsibility disclosure has a negative effect to financial performance; (2) Intellectual capital elements (VACA, VAHU and STVA) have positive significant effect to financial performance. (3) Corporate social responsibility disclosure has positive significant effect to corporate value. (4) Intellectual capital element (VACA, VAHU) has no effect to corporate value while intellectual capital element (STVA) has negative effect to corporate value. (5) Financial performance has positive significant to corporate value. (6) The financial performance has mediated the relationship between corporate social responsibility disclosure and corporate value. (7) The financial performance has mediated the relationship between intellectual capital elements (VACA, STVA) and corporate value but VAHU has not mediated.

Human cysticercosis is caused by encysted larvae of Taenia solium. This parasitic disease is endemic in developing countries like India. Most frequent reported locations are skin, subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscles, mucus membranes, heart, eye & CNS. Head & neck (excluding orbital & neurocysticercosis) is an uncommon location for cysticercosis. We reported a case of cysticercosis cervical swelling resembling cervical lymphadenopathy in a 25 years old female patient who presented with painless left cervical swelling. Clinical diagnosis considered was tubercular lymphadenitis. On microscopic examination excised tissue comprised of skeletal muscles with cysticercosis cellulosae. We reported this case of cysticercosis because of its unusual presentation as cervical swelling mimicking cervical lymphadenopathy. It is a preventable disease. Personal and household hygiene is very important. Histopathology is the reliable method for confirming the diagnosis.

Nowadays the automotive industry in Indonesia is becoming increasingly competitive, causing an intense competition among the ATPM (Single Agent of Brand Holders), as well as competition between existing automotive manufacturers (sole agent) and newcomers. In the midst of the current business industry and its competitive environment, various strategies were implemented by the company in order to maintain its customers, and to win the competition by increasing its market share. Customer satisfaction has become one of important focus for many companies. This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of product quality and after-sales service on customer satisfaction at an authorized Mazda Serpong Dealer, Tangerang. The sample used in this study were 200 respondents from customers at Mazda Dealer Serpong, Tangerang. Sample size determination using Hair’s formula. Hypotheses of the study analized by using multiple linear regression performed with SPSS 2.4. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The results showed that the quality of the product significant and positive affect on customer satisfaction. And after-sales service is also significant and positive affect to customer satisfaction. Other results shows that the quality of products and after-sales service of significant and positive affects on customer satisfaction simultaneously

Background: Several studies all over the world have proposed the association of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Hashimoto Thyroiditis, Lymphocytic Thyroiditis and Multinodular goitre. Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma (≤ 1cm size lesions) which are detected incidentally on histopathological examination of thyroidectomy specimens can progress to clinically evident Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma if left untreated. In this study, we aim to determine the types of lesions associated with Papillary Carcinoma Thyroid and to study the most commonly associated lesion, age group and gender affected. Materials and Methods: A total of 74 cases of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma who underwent thyroidectomy at a tertiary care hospital in Kerala were included in the study. The association between types of lesions, age group and gender were studied and the data obtained was analyzed using Chi Square test. Results: Mean age of the study population was 47 years and majority were females (86.5%). Out of 74 cases of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, 58 cases (78%) had associated lesions. The most common associated lesion with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma was Multinodular goitre (59%), followed by Lymphocytic Thyroiditis (50%) and Hashimoto Thyroiditis (16%).Among the 74 cases, 17 cases (23%) were of Papillary Thyroid Micro carcinoma. Conclusion: It was found that there was significant prevalence of associated lesions with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Hence all non neoplastic lesions of thyroid which are usually managed conservatively require a strict follow up to rule out the possibility of developing Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. This will go a long way in preventing the morbidity and mortality that could arise in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the cephalometric skeletal and dental norm for orthognathic surgery for North Indian population using Burstone’s analysis and to test the hypothesis that there are racial and ethnic differences in cephalometric measurements between North Indian and Caucasians. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 young adults which consists of 66 males and 54 females, 18 26 years with well-balanced facial profile and minimum arch length discrepancies were chosen for the study. Lateral cephalograms with teeth in maximum intercuspation were recorded and analyzed with AutoCeph software. The mean values of cephalometric skeletal and dental variables of COGS (Cephalometrics for Orthognathic surgery analysis) analysis for North Indian males and females were compared with those Caucasians. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Statistical Analysis: The statistical difference in the values of parameters between males and females of North Indian population was analyzed using unpair ‘t’ test whereas the difference between the study population and Caucasians was analyzed using one sample t test. Results: All the cephalometric parameters were found significantly less except convexity angle, maxillary and mandibular dental proclinations, occlusal plane angle. Maxilla and mandible was found prognathic and greater chin prominence in North Indian population compared to Caucasians. Conclusion: Significant difference in the cephalometric characteristics were found between Caucasians and North Indian population. Gender and racial/ethnic differences should be considered for diagnosis and treatment planning for orthognathic surgery for North Indian population.

Intramedullary spinal schwannomas are rare tumours and are usually associated with neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2. Intramedullary spinal schwannomas without neurofibromatosis are very uncommon. These tumours may present with slowly progressing sensory or motor syndrome. We report a case of 50 years female patient presenting with Intramedullary spinal schwannoma at D11 to L1 levels.

Background: There is evidence that support the use of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to monitor cardiovascular risk in diabetic and non diabetic individuals. This study aims to assess hs-CRP level in Sudanese with type 2 diabetes mellitus (D.M) and obese individuals; as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Khartoum-Sudan from April to December 2018, 50 diagnosed Sudanese patients with diabetes mellitus attending Alarbaeen hospital in Khartoum state and 50 obese Sudanese individuals were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were analyzed for cholesterol and hs-CRP levels using Mindray BS-200 automated analyzer. Results: There were no significant differences in hs-CRP and total cholesterol levels in type 2 D.M when compared with obese. Both diabetic patients and obese had high levels of hs-CRP and total cholesterol. hs-CRP and total cholesterol levels revealed no significant difference when male compared with female in type 2 D.M as well as in obese. The majority of the study participants were found to have hs-CRP level more than 3 mg/L, which indicate a high risk to have cardiovascular diseases according to American Heart Association. There was no correlation between hs-CRP levels and total cholesterol levels in the study subjects. Age showed inverse significant correlation with hs-CRP levels in type 2 D.M and no correlation among obese. In conclusion: The higher levels of hs-CRP with higher levels of total cholesterol may be a predictive factor for developing of CVD in Sudanese with type 2 D.M as well as in obese.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria spans all age groups from neonates to elderly. It is much more common in boys during first three months often in association with urologic abnormalities. During preschool years it is common in girls than boys. Presence of bacteriuria in childhood defines a population at higher risk for development of bacteria in adulthood [1]. The present study was carried out in Department of Microbiology, in a tertiary care hospital, over a period of one year from Jan 2016 – Dec 2016. A total of 100 childrens of all age groups and both sexes were selected for this study. In the present study sample size was equally divided among male and female. ABU +ve came in 7 male children’s, out of which 3 cases were belongs to 6-10 years age group, 4 cases belongs to 11-18 years of age group. ABU +ve came in 11 female children’s, out of which 6 cases were belongs to 6-10 years age group, 5 cases belongs to 11-18 years of age group. Recent advances in research support considering ABU a separate entity from symptomatic UTI. Furthermore, in contrast to historical recommendations, recent evidence demonstrates there is minimal benefit and potential harm associated with the treatment of ABU. The current recommendation is not to treat ABU in the pediatric population, with the exception of renal transplant recipients and children undergoing urologic procedures.

Prevention of diabetes and its associated burden has become a major health issue worldwide. The present study was undertaken to assess the changes in insulin sensitivity and endothelial dysfunction well before the onset of diabetes in population with positive family history for diabetes. The objectives of the study is to estimate the levels of serum Adiponectin, Visfatin, Insulin, HOMA IR and platelet derived microparticles P-selectin levels in offspring of type 2 Diabetes mellitus. The healthy volunteers who are aged between 18- 22 years of either sex, were selected based on their family history of diabetes. The study showed a significant decrease in serum Adiponectin and increase in serum Visfatin, Insulin, HOMA IR & P-selectin levels in the offspring of type 2diabetes. The Adiponectin showed a negative correlation with Visfatin, P selectin, Insulin & HOMA IR. Genetic predisposition for diabetes may influence adipocytokine levels which might play a key role in developing diabetes in near future.

Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical cause of acute abdomen with life time risk of 7%. A 5-year study was conducted and it comprised of all the surgically resected appendices submitted to department of pathology, AlAmeen medical college, Bijapur. The study analysed various histopathological diagnoses, demographic profile and the rates of negative appendectomy. Total 777 cases were analysed, among them 392 were females and 385 were male, highest number of cases were seen in first and second decades of the life. It was found that acute appendicitis was more common in females and incidence of recurrent appendicitis is slightly higher in males. 18% of acute suppurative appendicitis was seen and 23 cases of acute eosinophilic appendicitis was noted. In present study, 25.7% of cases with faecolith in the lumen of appendix was noted. Parasitic infestation can cause blockade of the lumen leading to appendicitis. In our study only 2 (0.26%) cases had a parasitic infestation and enterobius vermicularis was the parasite identified in both the cases. The percentage of negative appendicectomy in our study was 5.15%. Negative appendicectomy was higher in females (62.5%) compared to males. Thus, in present study recurrent appendicitis was more common than the acute appendicitis, maximum number of cases were in the age group of first and second decades of the life, faecoliths considered very common cause of appendicitis was noted only in 25.7% and negative appendicectomy was more common among the females.

Healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) are a major setback for any organization. The most important mechanism of spread of these HCAI is via the contaminated hands of the healthcare givers that is doctors, nurses, other staff or relatives/friends of the patients. Contaminated environmental surfaces are another important reservoir for the spread of these infections. However, they are often under recognized. HCA is one of the most important public health problems in most countries of the world. In any healthcare setup basic infection control, measures can reduce the rates of healthcare-associated infections, which help to reduce the length of stay, nosocomial infection and cost. It is important to implement the quality system which can be executed and monitored by using compliance measures in the routine process of the hospital in order to improve the standard of patient health care. The quality of hospital infection control program is a reflection of the overall standard care provided by the institution. The current study is aimed to help in assessing the pre-existing knowledge regarding infection control practices among doctors and nurses. In our study, both doctors and nurses had a fair knowledge about the spread of nosocomial infections, practised safe patient-care protocols, and had positive attitudes. Still, some gaps have been identified in their knowledge and practice of infection control. It is suggested that an effective training sessions should be organized at the time of hire and in-service periodically which might help to decrease the healthcare associated infections.

The essential step in the assessment of patients for a probable bleeding disorder is to evaluate the severity of bleeding symptoms. To improve the compilation and precision of the patients with history of bleeding symptoms, several Bleeding Assessment Tools (BAT) have been anticipated. A structured questionnaire was approved by the ISTH/SSC-BAT together in year 2010. In our study, data from 99 normal adults (42 females and 57 males) from Uttarakhand were analysed this score (ISTH/SSC- BAT). Mean age of the adult population was 29 year. Normal range obtained were 0–3, 0–5 for males and female respectively after removing the outliers. The median BAT score was 0 in adult males and 1 in adult females. This information may now be used to evaluate the history of bleeding symptoms as a normal or abnormal in the state of Uttarakhand. We aim to standardize this score system in the population of Uttarakhand in our study and improve diagnostic accuracy at a low cost and grass root level.

Background: Prevalence of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in younger age is increasing in worldwide and it has been reported that 60% of AMI in young age is due to genetic causes. SNP inPAI-1 4G/5G plays major role and there is a need to authenticate its effectiveness and sensitivity. The aim of this study is to ascertain SNP in PAI-1 (4G/5G) as an independent biochemical marker for the South Indian young AMI patient’s less than 45 yearsand to find its association with other risk factors of AMI. Methodology: This cross sectional study subjects includes40 Patients aged less than 45 years with AMI withtypical chest pain, ST Elevation in ECG and a rise in serum CK-MB, without any other known risk factorsand age and sex matched 40 control. ARMS-PCR was done with separated DNA. Remaining Serum was used to analyze Urea, HDL, CK-MB and other factors. Finally statistical analysisis done using SPSS-20.0. Result: Statistical analysis showed significant variation of SNP inPAI-1(P ≤ 0.001) between patients and controls. Further, positive significant changeswere observed between patients and controls in Serum Urea: P ≤ 0.001, Serum Glucose: P ≤ 0.04, Serum AST: P ≤ 0.001, Serum CK-MB: P ≤ 0. 001. A significant inverse association was observed in SNP of PAI-1 and Serum HDL. Conclusion: This study confirms the independent association between STEMI and the 4G/5G allele polymorphism among South Indian euthenics and an inverse association of 4G/5G polymorphism with Serum HDL-cholesterol levels.

Frozen section provides a rapid diagnosis intra or perioperatively that guides the surgeon to make a therapeutic decision for the patient’s health benefit. The comparison between the frozen section diagnosis and permanent section diagnosis is an integral part of quality assurance in surgical pathology. This study was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of frozen section at different anatomic sites assuming histopathology as a gold standard. This prospective cross sectional study was performed in the Pathology laboratory adjoining the operation theatre and Department of Pathology S.M.S Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, during a period of 2 years from January 2017 to December 2018. The results of 170 cases of frozen section were compared with their permanent section diagnosis and analysed. A total of 224 frozen section specimens from 170 cases were studied. The diagnoses were deferred in 4 (1.79%) specimens. Out of remaining 220 specimens, the concordant and discordant diagnostic frequencies were 215 (95.98%) and 5 (2.23%) respectively. Discrepancies were mainly related to misinterpretation, sampling and technical errors. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 97.73%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 92.68%, 98.88%, 95% and 98.33% respectively. The average turn-around time calculated was 20 minutes. Our study concurred that the frozen section is a rapid, reliable and an accurate technique to guide the surgeons in deciding the best therapeutic approach for the patients. The accuracy rate can be further improved by regular monitoring of frozen section performance.

As the integrated part of an organization, human resource is the most discussed factor of performance at present. In many organizations, young employees consists 50% or more of the workforce. These young, talented and innovative part of human resources needs to be understood and motivated in a different way than the average mid or older employees. This study is aimed to identify the factors that particularly motivate and satisfy young (age upto 35) employees to retain them in organizations choosing 13 factors carefully selected from 3 different motivational theories. The study adopts both primary and secondary data as well as uses previous literatures for this purpose. For this study, Bangladesh banking sector has been selected as the research field and data were collected from 750 employees through a semi-structured questionnaire. It has been found that most young employees expect non-monetary motivational rewards such as working environment (19%) and flexibility in job (13%) rather than money (12%). The least popular three motivational factors were opportunity to learn (4%), opportunity for creativity (2%) and challenging task (2%) respectively. Although the study has been conducted in very limited scope, the results might be proven useful for the academicians and decision makers who wish to study more in this area