Hypertension (HTN) is an asymptomatic easily detectable chronic cardiovascular disorder which can cause coronary heart diseases, stroke and other complications. The relationship between trace elements and cardiovascular diseases is under investigation and showed conflicting results.In this study levels of magnesium, copper, zinc, iron in hypertensives were estimated and compared with normal healthy controls. A case control study was undertaken over a period of 6 months included 100 individuals aged between 25-65 years. 50 cases were hypertensive patients free from diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, any other chronic diseases, while 50 normal healthy subjects were controls. In both the groups, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, serum magnesium, copper, zinc and iron levels were obtained. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum copper, zinc was significantly high (p value <0.05) and magnesium, iron levels were significantly low in hypertensives. Excess free radicals, increased stress has been implicated in the etio-pathogenesis of hypertension. Copper and iron increase the levels of free radicals acting as a pro-oxidant leading to increased peripheral vascular resistance and hypertension. Increased zinc can be due to intracellular increase in renal zinc favoring the activity of carbonic anhydrase and causing an effect opposite to that of some diuretics. Elevated zinc leads to high sympathetic nervous activity. Decreased magnesium potentiates vasoconstriction and increase vascular tone leading to hypertension. We conclude that there exists a relationship between serum magnesium, copper, zinc, iron and hypertension but, further large-scale population studies should be undertaken to establish the role of various trace elements in hypertension

Brown tumors are benign osteolytic bone lesions, they are rare, caused by the disorder of the phosphocalcic metabolism that typically complicate primary hyperparathyroidism (PPHT) in 4.5% and secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPTS) in 1.5 to 1.7%. Brown tumors are located mainly in the ribs, the pelvis, femurs and mandibles. Spinal locations are very rare, they especially affect the thoracic region. Very few cases of cervical brown tumors have been reported in the literature. To date, there have been only 12 cases, the last in 2018 by M. Sánchez-Calderón et al. Reporting the case of a 65-year-old woman treated in our department for cervical C4-C5-C6 brown tumor responsible for spinal compression, revealing primary hyperparathyroidism. We note the interest of the suspicion of a brown tumor in front of any osteolytic vertebral lesion, especially in patients suffred from end stage renal disease, and hypercalcemia. Early diagnosis and setting up a multidisciplinary management prevent complications and functional aftereffect, despite the benign histological characterof her injuries.

A simple and precise reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay for the determination of rifampicin (RIF) in human plasma was developed and validated. Using hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) as an internal standard, separation was achieved on Atlantis dC18 column with a mobile phase composed of 0.01 M monobasic sodium phosphate and acetonitrile (60:40, v:v) and delivered at a flow rate of 1 ml/minute. RIF and HCT were extracted from plasma using methyl tert-butyl ether and dichloromethane (70:30%, v:v) and monitored using photodiode array detector set at 337 nm. Relationship between RIF concentration and peak height ratio of RIF to HCT was linear over the range of 0.3-25 μg/ml. Coefficient of variation and bias were ≤9.7% and ≤6.0%, respectively. Mean extraction recovery of RIF and HCT was 95% and 90%, respectively. Stability of RIF in extracted (24 hours at room temperature or 48 hours at -20 °C) and unprocessed (24 hours at room temperature, 8 weeks at -20 °C, or 3 freeze-thaw cycles) samples was ≥91%.

A 3 year old Nigerian local breed dog weighing 15kg was presented with signs of lacrimation, drooling salivation and weakness. The owner gave diazintol® bath to the dog and later observed the dog salivating. Clinical evaluation showed temperature, pulse and respiratory rates of 39.7oC, 99 beats/min and 62 cycles/min respectively. Haematological analysis showed PCV of 38% and the case was managed as a case of organophosphate poisoning

Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) are being used widely by athletes and gym attendees to augment their physical appearance and enhance performance. The abuse of AAS has serious and irreversible health risks. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of AAS use, assess the knowledge, attitude, practice and describe the associated factors of AAS use to improve the general health of adult male fitness centres attendees. Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Fitness centres in Bahrain. Method: A total of 235 fitness centres were obtained and only 94 fitness centres met the inclusion criteria. Adult males aged 18-65 years old who attended fitness centres during October 2017 were targeted. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed among 20 randomly selected fitness centres covering the 4 governorates. Result: Four hundred forty six males were included. The prevalence of AAS use was 14.6%, the highest result was 26.4% found in Muharraq governorate. The majority of AAS users were Bahrainis (17.8%) and aged 30–39 years old (17.9%). Both AAS users and non-users had low knowledge score. Regarding the harmful effects of AAS, 18% of AAS users thought AAS use is bad for health. The most common route of AAS use was the combination of injectable and oral route (63.5%). Significant association was found between AAS use and the use of other supplements such as growth hormones, proteins and amino acid, smoking and energy drink consumption (P=0.05)

Non traumatic liver rupture is an extremely rare condition; it most often complicates HELLP syndrome and rarely some liver diseases. We are reporting a case of 26-year-old man followed for behcet’s disease, presented to the emergency hemodynamically instable on a large hemoperitoneum due to a spontaneous liver rupture. We believe that intrahepatic hematoma was caused by a rupture of a segmental right liver artery aneurysm and then spontaneous rupture of the intrahepatic hematoma occurred leading to liver rupture. The surgical management consisted on perihepatic packing and two months later a medical management of sub infected liquefied residual liver hematoma

Aims: The present study aimed to investigate the local anesthetic activity of Chrysanthemum cinerarifolium extract as well as to formulate a topical local anesthetic gel containing the extract to be used for human. Methods: The local anesthetic activity was assessed using the intradermal wheal method in eighteen guinea pigs divided into three groups, six in each group. Pain response was elicited by gentle pinprick. Two concentrations (1.0 and 0.3mg/ml) of lidocaine were injected intradermally into the left and right dorsal flank of the animal respectively to form wheals, which were encircled with a marker. Similarly, two concentrations (100 and 50mg/ml) of the plant extract were injected into the left and right dorsal flank respectively of another group. Normal saline was injected into the control group. The encircled areas were each pricked with a pin 6 times at 5 minutes interval for 30 minutes starting with zero-time before the injection. To confirm the animal study, prepared gels of the plant extract (1%) and lidocaine (1%) were applied on two groups each containing 6 human volunteers, and the local anesthetic activity was assessed. Results: The plant extracts exhibited a local anesthetic activity on guinea pigs. Comparable results were also observed of the local anesthetic activities of both topical gels prepared from the plant extract or lidocaine in human. No adverse effects were observed either in animals or in human. Conclusions: Chrysanthemum cinerarifolium extract possesses a local anesthetic activity in both animals and human

Oxyuriasis is an intestinal parasitosis, frequent, strictly human, caused by a cosmopolitan roundworm: Enterobius vermicularis. Pinworms are mainly localized in intestine but can sometimes be found in the female genitalia, even if it is rare. Our case is a young man of 32 who has an anterior history of inconstant anal pruritus but and who presented a pruriginous and painless subcutaneous nodule and who benefited from an excisional biopsy whose pathological examination revealed the presence of sections of nematodes corresponding to female pinworms within a fibro-fatty tissue. Oxyuriasis is mainly intestinal, sometimes with an uro-genital location, especially in women, but no case has been described at the subcutaneous level, hence the interest of this work in revealing new possible locations of this parasitosis

Healthy and strong body function was essential in the job of prison management, and smoking had been proved to induce negative impacts. Based on the health belief model, the current research explored the association among health belief on smoke -cessation, self-efficacy on ceasing smoke, and possibility of ceasing smoke among the prison officials. Samples were 182 officials recruited by snowball sampling method, 72.53% were male. Test results indicated the barrier to ceasing smoke had a lowest average 2.95(±1.04), followed by benefit of ceasing smoke (3.49±0.54), perceived susceptibility (3.51±0.75), perceived severity (3.59± 0.78), self-efficacy (3.65±0.77), and possibility of ceasing smoke (3.67 ± 0.99). As to the variance analysis, history of smoking and residence were two major variables that made the constructs different, whereas age and marriage contributed the least. Noteworthy was that the education is the major contributor to the difference of smoke-ceasing possibility among respondents. Results from regression analyses indicated that perceived benefits (β=.52) and perceived barriers (β=.23) were the two major predictors of smoke-ceasing, and the other independent variables (IV) were not significant in this model (adj. R2=.279). The variance explained increased to 48.3% (adj. R2=.483) in the model with additional variable of self-efficacy. Perceived benefits and perceived barriers were replaced by the self-efficacy, and made all original IVs not significant. This indicated the mediating effects of self-efficacy between predictors and smoke-ceasing. The current research suggested the judicial correction institute shall logically staff required officials for the jobs of prison management, and recommend several smoke-ceasing measures.

Cholesterol and triglyceride fats are transported as part of lipoprotein particles in the bloodstream. The various lipoprotein classes Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) that carry most part of the blood cholesterol, Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), which carry most of the blood triglycerides, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Chylomicrons. LDL also found as serum cholesterol plays a significant role in coronary heart diseases. The role of these lipoproteins is quite independent of other risk factors and is quite predictive that could be easily assessed. The present article is focused on the estimation of plasma lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] level in AMI patients along with their cardiac Troponin-I levels to study the correlation between the two and to look into the possibility of dual marker approach to deal with complications associated with acute myocardial infarction. Lp(a) is a major risk factor of several cardiovascular diseases, namely atherosclerotic vascular diseases, aortic calcification, and perhaps also venous thromboembolic diseases and hence could be a prominent therapeutic target for primary and secondary prevention. This calls for the development of a safe and effective means of lowering Lp(a) that will provide an opportunity to conduct intervention trials to further decipher its contribution in the etiology of CHD

Neuroendocrine tumors are rare and can affect many organs, including the gastrointestinal tract and bronchi. The involvement of the larynx is exceptional, although neuroendocrine tumors are the second histological type of laryngeal malignancy after squamous cell carcinoma. They constitute a group of heterogeneous tumors, 4 in number, among the neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx, the carcinoma tumor neuroendocrine poorly differentiated is the most common. The diagnosis is purely histological, and the treatment is surgical. The prognosis is relatively good

Background: Fine-needle aspiration (FNAC) cytology is well established and widely used to evaluate palpable lesions and, with imaging studies as an adjunct, is equally applicable to deep-seated lesions. Although FNAC is considered quite a reliable procedure for diagnosing salivary gland lesions, one comes across frequent diagnostic challenges in diagnosing salivary gland lesion. Methods: 180 patients were enrolled in the study from January 2014 – august 2016 .Out of these 69 samples had histopathology samples. Special stains (PAS-D) and cell blocks were prepared wherever necessary. Results: Benign neoplastic lesions were (68.1%) found to be the most common with pleomorphic adenoma being predominant of all. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common malignant lesion followed by adenoid cystic carcinoma. Conclusion: Diagnostic dilemmas are commoner in certain lesions such as basaloid neoplasms, oncocyte lesions, mucus containing cysts and lesions with squamous cells or lymphocytes, spindle cells. These pitfalls can be reduced to minimum by adequate sampling by multiple passes from different areas along with thorough clinical and radiological examination.

Aim: The present research work was planned to prepare pluronic f 127 (poloxamer 407) based hydrogel formulations of ketorolac and to evaluate the parameters like swelling behaviour, drug PH stability, invite and in vivo drug release and in vitro cytotoxic activity. Methodology: Two different strengths of ketorolac hydrogel formulations were prepared using pluronic f127 and were analysed by validated HPLC method for drug content, PH stability and in vivo drug release. Further invitro anticancer activity was evaluated using sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay in SCC29 cell lines. Result: Both the formulations F1 and F2 showed better PH stability at PH 3.5, 5.5 and 6.8. In vitro and in vivo drug release pattern showed half life at 3 hours, AUC0−t 669 and 667ng h/ml, Cmax 884 and 872 ng/ml for F1 and F2 respectively. Conclusion: Hydrogel formulation F1 showed better percentage control growth when compared to F2 hydrogel formulation and ketorolac alone.

Pituitary abscess is a rare, but potentially life-threatening condition unless promptly diagnosed and treated, and it accounts for less than 1% of all pituitary diseases, few cases have then been published in the literature, the majority of this cases are diagnosed either post mortem or post operatively. Pituitary abscesses may occur in a normal pituitary gland in 70% of cases (primary types), or secondary to a preexisting lesion. We report a successfully managed case of a 66-year-old woman. We discuss the pathogenicity, the morphologic and radiologic criteria suggestive of this unusual infection of pituitary region and also treatment options

Plants of the genus Ceiba (Bombacaceae) are widely implemented in folklore treatment of diabetes, bronchitis, chronic fever, diarrhea, dysentery, gastritis, peptic ulcers and parasitic infections in many countries. Over the years, at least eighty-three compounds have been isolated from different parts of plant species of Ceiba. These compounds belong to the plant steroids, triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, sesquiterpene lactones, coumarins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, oxidized naphthalenes, phenolic acids, alcohols, fatty acids and esters. Extracts and isolated compounds of Ceiba plants have been extensively examined for their possible analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, cytotoxicity, antitumor, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective, activities. This review compiles the different isolated phytochemicals as well as the biological studies carried out on extracts and isolated compounds of the genus Ceiba plants. It will also provide important knowledge for the researchers in the field of natural therapeutics to explore further alternative medicine from Ceiba plants.