Under the background of "mass entrepreneurship and mass innovation ", the education of innovation and entrepreneurship in agricultural colleges and universities of China has gradually developed and made some achievements, but it also faces more problems. This paper considers the present situation and problems of education in agricultural colleges and universities, and introduces the spirit of Beidahuang into the cultivation of mass entrepreneurship and innovation talents in agricultural colleges and universities, in order to explore how to use the abundant resources of the spirit of Beidahuang to improve the quality of mass entrepreneurship and Innovation talent training and finally improve the comprehensive quality of agricultural talents.

Fusarium is a widely distributed filamentous fungus in plant debris, soil water. Species most repeatedly caught up in human infections are Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum and F. moniliforme. The clinical presentation of fusariosis depends mainly on the immune status of the host. The superficial and localized disease occurs mostly in immunocompetent patients, while invasive and disseminated disease affects mostly immunocompromised patients. The common risk factors for fusariosis to develop include prolonged leukopenia, immunosuppressive drugs and organ transplantation. The present case depicts the finding of spindle shaped structures of fusarium in routine urine examination of immuno-compromised post renal transplant patient.

This article presents the Husserlian conception of arithmetic, based on its psychological and phenomenological analyzes. Our goal is to analyze what Husserl presents as a structure of subjectivity, through the experiences of number consciousness. We start from the logico-psychological problems linked to the foundation of mathematics to restructure the subjective substance that governs the conceptualization of scientific foundations; we go through representative psychology to measure the objective dimension of arithmetic and see that number, as quantity, proceeds from a psychic construction. We clarify the path followed by Husserl in the development of phenomenology as a descriptive science, where subjectivity is a condition for the possibility of knowledge. We arrive at the result according to which, scientific objectivity is the corollary of a subjective a priori.

Introduction: Meningiomas are one of the most common primary intracranial tumours. Although most meningiomas are benign, the spectrum also includes atypical and malignant meningiomas. Clinical outcome of meningiomas is often difficult to predict. The stratification of risk on the basis of histomorphology alone remains problematic; thus additional biomarkers are needed. In this study biomarkers of prognostic and therapeutic interest like Ki-67, p53 and HER2/neu have been studied in correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Materials and methods: A retrospective study on histologically diagnosed meningiomas was undertaken. Slides were retrieved and reviewed. Clinical details were recorded from the files in the archives of the department. Immunohistochemical staining with markers Ki-67, p53 and HER2/neu were performed and the findings were interpreted. Results: The study included 17 cases with an age range of 16 to 73 years and a male: female ratio of 1.1:1.There were 11 cases (64.7%) of primary tumours and 6 cases (35.3%) were recurrent tumours. WHO Grade I meningiomas were maximum and accounted for 70.5% followed by grade II (17.5%) and grade III (12%) meningiomas. Ki-67 expression was seen in all cases with progressively increased expression in higher grades. p53 expression was observed in all the cases with higher levels (>10%) in Grade II and Grade III meningiomas compared to grade I meningiomas. The HER2/neu staining was negative in all cases studied. Conclusion: Grade I meningiomas appear to have low mitotic count on morphology but have higher proliferation rate on Ki-67 studies. Most of the recurrent tumours have higher p53 expression (>10%). Hence, adjuvant studies with biomarkers Ki-67 and p53 will be helpful in precise grading of meningiomas.

This study aims to analyze service quality and institutional image of customer satisfaction and implications for customer loyalty (case study: Yadika 12 Depok Junior High School). The research data uses primary and secondary data. Secondary data was obtained from various sources such as journals, books and other related publications, as well as through school administration staff and also the vice principal of the academic field. Primary data was collected using a questionnaire distributed to respondents, namely parents and students Yadika 12 Depok Junior High School. The sampling method used in this study is quota sampling with 122 respondents. The analyst method uses path analysis using SPSS version 22. The results shown that service quality and institutional image have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, service quality does not affect customer loyalty, while institutional image through customer satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. And customer satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. School management effort that can be done is to improve and develop sustainably, and maintain the quality and image of a good institution.

In India only few studies are focused on hematological parameters in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). This study was undertaken to study haematological parameters in ESRD patients undergoing regular haemodialysis and to compare haematological parameters in these patients before and after haemodialysis. Chronic Kidney Disease is a global public health problem responsible for high morbidity and mortality with greater burden of cost of care especially in developing countries like India. Adult patients with ESRD undergoing regular haemodialysis at Tertiary Care Hospital, Hemodialysis unit were included in the study, irrespective of their etiology. ESRD was diagnosed by nephrologist with creatinine clearance < 15 ml/min calculated by Cockcroft-Gault equation, biochemical and radiological investigations. With proper aseptic precautions, 5 ml venous blood collected in EDTA vacutainer just before starting haemodialysis and after completion of haemodialysis. Mean age of the patients was 41.03±12.6 years with maximum number of male patients with diabetes mellitus with hypertension being most common cause for ESRD. There was statistically significant difference in post haemodialysis value as compared with predialysis value for haemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, RBC count and platelet count. Globally, the dialysis-monitoring strategy is principally based on measurement of biochemical parameters before and after each session of dialysis. This study indicate that most haematological parameters in Hemodialysis patients are significantly altered both pre and post haemodialysis. Thus, monitoring the haematological parameters may help in deciding erythropoietin stimulating agent dose, preventing possible complications and consequently reducing the mortality/morbidity rate in ESRD patients on haemodialysis.

The Indian system of Ayurvedic medicine has described three basic physiological constituents of human body, viz., dosha, dhatu and mala. Acharya Sushruta was a great surgeon in ancient India known today as the “Father of Shalya Tantra (Surgery)” for inventing and developing surgical procedures. Acharya Sushruta has elaborately described the defining characteristic of Shalakya tantra. It comprises of the disease of shalakya tantra as narrated by king of Videha (the author of Nimi Tantra). Acharya Sushruta first ever has described the anatomy of eye in relation to their shape, size of various anatomical components. Acharya Sushruta has also described the Netra roga in a very systematic manner. In the Uttara tantram, Sushruta recites an elaborated classification of eye disease complete with signs, symptoms, prognosis and medically surgical interventions. In the foetus, the parts of eye are originated from akasha, vayu, agni, apa and prithvi mahabhuta. Acharya Sushruta has described all anatomical structures of the eye in terms of madala, patala, sandhis, peshi, marma, sira and Dristi. Susruta delineated fine anatomical divisions mandala of eye. Different Acharyas have their own view in the utpatti (origin) of Netra during garbhawastha kala. Increased demand of Ayurveda science in the present society is required to understand the depth of Ayurvedic principle in an easy mode. Hence an effort has been made to ascertain and establish the knowledge regarding anatomical structure of netra sharir.

Mandibular reconstruction is a complex procedure and is a challenge to the surgeon. Reconstruction is required following resection of mandible due to benign or malignant pathology, osteonecrotic mandible that could not be treated conservatively. Reconstruction modalities have changed significantly over the years with the introduction of newer techniques and technologies. This article reviews and summarizes the various reconstructive modalities for mandibular defects of past years, comparatively newer reconstructive options available and the recent advances in reconstruction done by Patient-Specific Implants produced by virtual planning.

This study was carried out to evaluate the toxicity and serum lipid profile of pet- ether leave, stem bark and root extract of jatropha curcas in male albino rats. Fourty-nine (49) adult wister rats weighing between 160-240mg/kg was purchased and 14 wister rats were used for acute toxicity study while the remaining 35 rats were randomly divided into 7 groups of 5 rats each. The normal control (group 1) received normal saline, while groups 2 to 7 administered with leave, stem bark and root extracts of jatropha curcas at low dosse (200 mg/kg body weight) and high doses (400 mg/kg body weight). The extracts were administered orally for seven consecutive days, while the animals were sacrificed on the 8th day; blood samples were collected, allowed to stand for fifteen minutes and then centrifuged to obtained the serum for lipid profile analysis. This result showed that the oral administration of the leave, stem bark and root extract of Jatropha Curcas possess hypolipidemic activity and may be useful in the management of cardiovascular disease. While acute toxicity (LD50) of the Leave, Stem Bark and Root Extract of Jatropha Curcas is greater than 5000mg/kg hence its declared practically non-toxic to the experimental animals.

Background: Albumin is a family of globular proteins, the most common of which are the serum albumins. All the proteins of the albumin family are water-soluble, moderately soluble in concentrated salt solutions, and experience heat denaturation. Albumins are commonly found in blood plasma and differ from other blood proteins in that they are not glycosylated. Substances containing albumins, such as egg white, are called albuminoids. It contributes to the oncotic pressure of plasma and to maintaining the distribution of extracellular fluid between the vascular and extravascular compartments. Hypoalbuminemia is associated with poor tissue healing, decreased collagen synthesis in the surgical wounds or at anastomotic sites [1], and also plays a role in the impairment of immune responses, such as macrophage activation and granuloma formation. Although it is well established that hypoalbuminemia, as a marker of malnutrition and disease, is associated with greater risk of adverse surgical outcome, previous studies have been based on relatively small samples and selected types of operations and have failed to adequately separate the predictive ability of albumin level from other risk factors. Aim of study: To determine whether pre-operative serum albumin level can be used as an independent predictor of post-operative morbidity and mortality. Methods: This is a prospective comparison study conducted in general surgery department, Jubilee Mission Medical College. The source of the data will be all patients who undergo gastrointestinal surgery with resection and anastomosis in the Department of General Surgery, Jubilee Mission Medical College, Thrissur from December 2017 to May 2019. Patients are investigated preoperatively for liver function test, renal function test, thyroid function test and urine- protein creatinine ratio (obtained from urine microscopy) to rule out secondary causes of hypoalbuminemia and are classified into two groups:- normal albumin level and hypoalbuminemia. Patients with normal serum albumin level are compared with patients of low serum albumin for length of hospital stay, resumption of oral diet, surgical site infection and mortality. Results and Discussion: The preoperative albumin levels ranged from 2.1 to 3.4 g/dl with a mean value of 3.03 g/dl. In most other similar studies [1-4], a similar cut off normal range (3 or 3.5 g/dl) was assigned and patients were grouped into two based on this. To explore the possibility of using serum albumin as a simple and low-cost prognostic tool to predict the risk of adverse surgical outcomes, we used different statistical methods. Mann-Whitney U test has been performed to find out the significant role of albumin levels for length of hospital stay (Median 10.5 days and 8 days) and delay in resumption of diet (Median 5days and 3days) among two groups and it showed that there was statistically significant association with albumin levels between two groups in length of stay (p=0.021) if we classify the length of hospital stay as less than 10days and more than 10days. It is statistically significant in resumption of diet (p<0.001). There was a significant relationship found between the occurrence of surgical site infection and albumin levels. Where it was also found that those with low serum albumin had increased rates of complications (60%) against those with normal serum albumin levels 32.5%.15% mortality cases were reported; of which 22.5% falls in low serum albumin level group where as 7.5% in normal albumin level group. Conclusion: In view of these results, we conclude that preoperative albumin is a good prognostic indicator for predicting the outcome of surgery. It is a cheap and easily applicable test. By estimating albumin levels in surgical patients before surgery and adequately correcting lower levels where necessary, post-operative morbidity could be reduced in these patients.

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Background & Objectives: Peritonitis due to hollow viscous perforation is one of the most common surgical emergencies attended by a surgeon on duty. Despite many advances in anti-microbial and supportive care, the mortality rate of diffuse peritonitis remains unacceptably high (10-20%). The treatment of peritonitis and the evaluation of different therapeutic approaches are hampered by lack of precise classification. A scoring system should be able to assess the need, type and quality of the care required for a particular patient. Realizing the need for a simple accurate scoring system in these conditions the present study was undertaken to evaluate the prognosis in patients with perforation peritonitis using Mannheim Peritonitis Index. Materials & Methods: Single centered, observational analytical study conducted in Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute. In our study, we have included 64 patients after meeting the inclusion criteria. As per the study protocol, patient data was collected at the time of admission and intra operatively in the Surgery Department. Mannheim Peritonitis Index score was applied to assess the outcome and data analyzed. Results and Discussion: Out of 64 patients studied, statistically significant correlation was observed between incidence of mortality and the risk factors namely, age more than 50 yrs.(25.9%), presence of organ failure(36.4%), preoperative duration more than 24 hrs.(18.6%), diffuse peritonitis(18.2%) and feacal exudates (45.5%). No statistically significant correlation was observed between incidence of mortality and the risk factors namely female sex, non-colonic origin of sepsis, presence of malignancy. Conclusion: In our study population, all risk factors included in the Mannheim Peritonitis Index namely presence of organ failure; preoperative duration> 24hrs; age>50 years, generalized extension of peritonitis and type of exudate had significant association with adverse outcome while in patients with the non-colonic origin of sepsis, presence of malignancy and of the female sex there was no significant association of these risk factors with adverse outcome (mortality). The overall mortality in our study is 12.5%. Mortality in patients with MPI score < 21 was 0%, 21-29 was 4.3% and >29 was 53.84%. This reproducible scoring system allows a surgeon to determine the severity of intra-abdominal infections, to select a more aggressive management for high risk patients and to be able to inform patient's relatives with greater objectivity.

Background: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is worldwide accepted, inexpensive, minimally invasive and very accurate method today especially in commonly encountered clinical problems like salivary gland lesions which range from non-neoplastic lesions like inflammation, cysts, and commonest benign tumours like pleomorphic adenoma to malignant lesions of variable malignant potential. FNAC is major diagnostic tool and is of great relevance in head and neck lesions, including major salivary glands as they are easily accessible target sites. The aim of this study was to evaluate spectrum of salivary gland lesions with their clinical presentations and to study the cytomorphological features of various salivary gland lesions, and to evaluate its sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in salivary gland lesions whenever histopathology was available. Material and Methods: A total of 150 cases of salivary gland lesions were analysed both retrospectively and prospectively from January 2010- December 2015 at Department of Pathology, of a tertiary care medical college Hospital. Cyto-histopathological correlation was interpreted wherever available. Results: In the 150 cases thus analysed, the male to female ratio was 1.14:1. Parotid gland was involved in 73.34 %, submandibular gland in 23.33 %, and other minor salivary glands in 3.33% of patients. There were 57.33 % cases of neoplastic lesions and 42.67% cases of non-neoplastic lesions. Chronic sialadenitis (22.67%) was the commonest non neoplastic lesion. Pleomorphic adenoma (40.67%) was the commonest benign neoplasm and Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (9.33%) was the commonest malignant neoplasm. The overall sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC for salivary gland lesions were 93.48 %, 100% and 94.23 %, respectively. Conclusion: Fine-needle aspiration cytology is a very useful diagnostic tool for superficial palpable tumors of salivary glands. It has high rates of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value in diagnosing salivary gland lesions and hence a valuable tool in the diagnosis and management of patients.

Heterotopic pancreas is a rare condition with a probable incidence of 1 per 500 upper abdominal operations. Findings are incidental and are usually asymptomatic. Heterotopic pancreas is seen at different sites in the gastrointestinal tract. A 62 year old male presented with complaints of epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting and constipation since 3 months. The diagnosis of malignancy was based upon the findings of abdominal ultrasonography, CECTabdomen and Upper G.I. endoscopy.

Natural products, such as plants extract, either as pure compounds or as standardized extracts, provide unlimited opportunities for new drug discoveries. The research is aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties and characterization of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves oil. The physicochemical were evaluated using the standard procedure and the oil was fund to be light yellow color having camphor like smell. The pH of the oil at 22oC was found to be 4.62 while the % oil yield, Optical activity, Refractive index at 27°C, Specific gravity at 27°C, were found to be 49.5±1.021, +34.2°, 1.4384 and 0.812 respectively. The absolute and kinematic viscosity of the leaves oil were 102.30 and 88.20 respectively and the Total acid number (TAN) in mg KOH/g, Iodine number and saponification number were 1.67, 109 and 110.00 respectively. GC-MS revealed the presence of 16 compounds representing 86.96 % of the total oil. The major component was 1,8-cineole (49.08 %), Eucalyptol (34.42) followed by α-pinene (23.90 %), while L-pinocarveol (8.98 %) and globulol (2.71) were the least components. Also α-terpineol, myrtenol, camphene and ciscarveol were present in the oil. The result revealed that Eucalyptus camaldulensis leave oil consist mostly of oxygenated monoterpenes that could be very useful for human, animals and industries, also the oil met the FOA/WHO standard of oils. Therefore, these essential oils could be considered as promising substances for development of new drugs. Hence it potential for medicinal and pharmacological uses.