Experimental pharmacological research of 1-[2-(R-phenylimino)-4-methyl-3-(3-[morpholine-4-yl]propyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]ethane-1-one derivatives. Determination of the nature of the effect of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents in the phenyl fragment of the molecule on expression of the antioxidant activity. Analysis of some aspects of the "structure–activity" relationship. Derivatives of 1-[2-(R-phenylimino)-4-methyl-3-(3-[morpholine-4-yl]propyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]ethane-1-one were synthesized by Hantzsch method. Experimental pharmacological research was carried out on the model of artificial oxidative stress using the emulsion of egg-yolk lipoproteins in vitro as a substrate of oxidation. The substances of group 1 with methyl substituents and group 2 with chlorine substituent posseses pronounced antioxidant activity. The substances of group 2 with methoxy substituent posseses moderate antioxidant activity. Introduction of any substituents leads to a significant change in the level and direction of antioxidant activity of the substances; and it depends on the chemical nature and orientation of the substituents in the phenyl fragment of the molecule. Among the compounds under research four compounds can be recommended as potential antioxidants for further screening studies.

In this paper, the feature extraction method based on the WPT (wavelet packet transformation) is proposed according to ERD/ERS phenomenon in the motor imagery EEG signals. The method takes the data of the 2005 braincomputer interface competition as the process object. Firstly, EEG signals are preprocessed. Then the average energy difference of wavelet coefficients in the specific frequency bands between C3 and C4 channels extracted with WPT is taken as feature vector. Finally, BP neural network is adopted to classify motor imagery EEG signals of right and left hands.

Banking service characterized by its importance in various fields, economic, social and civilization…etc. So it had to be interest in the quality of this service. As the bank was not able to achieve competitive advantage in the market by its multiple services it provides, but by the quality and style of providing these services. Opinions of beneficiaries affected by the level of quality banking service provided by the bank to its customer satisfaction that are affected by the level of received service quality. This study was conducted in the Jordanian banking market, because this sector has a key role in the Jordanian economy, and the challenging facing because of the openness of the market and the possibility of the foreign banks entry and what consequent competition.

Abstract: The library is indispensable in both formal & informal ways of knowledge seeking. This paper explored what a library is and its role in education and human development in general. It investigates the availability of library, staff and information resource in various organizations and institutions in Bauchi State. The paper went further to investigate the status of these libraries. The study revealed that 90% percent of organizations in Bauchi State do not have library talk less of staff and other information resources. Similarly, 85% of local government areas of Bauchi State have no library also. Whereas, 75% of the secondary schools do not have functional library, like wise 35% of the higher institutions were operating without information resources in their libraries. The study recommends urgent need for government and other stakeholders to recognize the need for functional library.

The behavioural aspect of budgeting has been on the front burners of academic discourse over the years. Recent shift in argument between budget participation and various elements of performance using indirect models which accommodate different moderators and mediators clearly stalled the growth of direct causality studies whose contents are not empirically exhausted. This study examines the direct link between budget participation on one hand and budget goals commitment on the other against financial performance. Both survey and ex post facto designs were used to draw both primary and secondary data for the study. Pearson Correlation and Regression were used to analyse the data obtained from 15 Nigerian listed banks. The results of the analysis reveal a strong and statistically significant link between both budget participation and goal commitment and performance. The former commands more robust positivity which is in consistent with extant studies. Top policy makers in the banking industry are encouraged by the outcome of this study to accommodate the input of tactical and operational personnel in budget designing and implementation process. Such action would further reduce policy resistance and drive up the key corporate bottom-line as this study found.

Abstract: This study explored students’ preferences based on their learning styles regarding instructional formats. Thirty eight students enrolled in a blended graduate course offered in the United Arab Emirates participated. The researchers created different instructional formats to provide students with opportunities to choose their preferred formats. Data collection included a questionnaire and statistics generated by the learning management system. The data collected revealed some inconsistencies between the students’ stated preferences and the ways in which they accessed some of the material. It appears that the students’ preferred learning styles match the formats they used. When students accessed assignment guidelines online their choice of text and an alternative format was almost the same. This study furthers the discussions on student preferences regarding instructional formats and their learning style, especially in the Gulf region where few studies of this nature have been conducted.

It was carried out to evaluate and assess types of injuries in road traffic accident and their severity reported to one of the tertiary care hospital through cross sectional systemic prospective and retrospective study. Present study was carried out among 302 road traffic accident cases of young adult age. Collection of data includes interviewing the patient and review of medical records. Non-fatal injuries with severity such as abbreviated injury score (AIS); Glasgow coma score (GCS); revised trauma score (RTS) were considered in this study. Study indicates that 74.83% of victims were male and there is a significant (p<0.01) association between AIS and male gender. Most of the accident injuries were mild in nature and 99% of victims were having abrasion in urethra. The mean severity of injuries as computed by AIS was 13.2±0.106, GCS was 14.25±0.085 and RTS was 7.89±0.234. 37.45% of accident injuries were in group from 18 to 24 years. There is a significant (p<0.05) correlation between days of admission into ICU as well as in timing of accident. We conclude that it is important for planning and execution authorities to design and develop strategies and plans to minimise injuries in chest wall and thoracic vasculature to avoid future complications in young adults

Abstract: Polluted water inhabitant fishes accumulate metals in their body tissues;mainly accumulation depends upon different factors, like way of uptake, temperature, time of exposure etc. Different metals show different affinities to fish tissues for accumulation. Liver and kidney have relatively high metal accumulation as compare to muscles.The present study was carried out to determine the bioaccumulation of heavy metals into different organs of fish collected from four sampling stations of river Jhelum. Three metals Cu, Pb and Mn were examined by using Shimadzu AA 6200 atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the results were as ug/g dry wt. Seasonal variations regarding metal accumulation in kidney, liver and muscles of edible fishes from river Jhelum was also observed. We observed that seasonal variations affect the bioaccumulation of metals in body tissues. Cu, Pb and Mn were higher in summer season as compared to winter season in kidney of fishes. But in the case of liver concentration had opposite affects and had highest concentrations of these metals during winter. While in muscles Cu was significantly (P<0.01) higher in summer,Pb was non significantly higher in summer and Mn was non significantly higher in winter in the case of muscles.

Abstract: Rural health training centres (RHTCs) and urban health training centres (UHTCs) are an integral part of every medical college in India. These centres provide community-based learning for undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) students as well as interns, build capacity of the staff and facilitate field research. Objective of internship is to train the medical graduates in hospital and community settings. Many students do not take internship period seriously but would rather study for their pre-PG examination. This decreases their interest in internship training especially in rural postings. Interns demands the excuse for rural posing for various reasons like PG preparation, safety issue, too far, no basic facilities etc. The poor physical infrastructure of rural centre is the main hurdle for avoiding the rural postings. The shortage of qualified doctors in many of the rural areas leads to unqualified quacks, which are a greater threat to the lives of the patients. To some extent AYUSH doctors are catering to the needs of rural population and delivering some health care facilities.

Abstract: Sickle cell disease is one of the commonest reasons for hospital admissions in Bahrain and it considered one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality. However, HRQoL in SCD patients is not well studied in this part of the world. SF 36 questionnaire was administered to a total of 1886 participants, through manual and online methods in SMC and health centers outpatient’s clinics, general society, and through SCD society, out of which 168 were excluded. Of the participants, 420 (24.4%) had SCD, 607 (35.3%) had chronic disease and 691 (40.2%) were disease free. SCD respondents scored significantly lower than the other two groups in HRQoL in all domains of SF-36, with the following means in role-physical 34.1 (SD 36.1), role-emotional 40.6 (SD 41.0), and general health 44.7 (SD 17.7) affected mostly P ≤ 0.001.Adults with SCD in Bahrain showed significant impairment in all domains of HRQoL when compared to the general population. We would recommend conducting further researches to evaluate the factors that may influence the HRQoL in SCD patients.

Abstract: Postpartum haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality at a worldwide scale. The postpartum morbid consequences include problems, such as postpartum infection, anaemia, perineal tears, urinary tract infection, and depression; others defined in the literature as long-term morbidities/disabilities include incontinence, fistula, pelvic inflammatory disease, genital prolapse, hypertension, haemorrhoids, nerve damage, pituitary failure, anaemia, and infertility. Information on postpartum morbidity in developing countries is limited and, when available, usually describes the type of medical conditions diagnosed at the hospital level. The maternal includes different short-and long-term morbid conditions that can result from acute obstetric complications or poor management at delivery. Many of the maternal morbidities and disabilities may arise during delivery or in the first 1-2 week(s)following delivery and can become chronic if not cared for appropriately. The aim of this study was to review the literature on signs and symptoms of post-partum morbidity.

This study was designed to examine the perspective of the student-teachers’ on the embedded soft skills program implemented in one of the public universities in Malaysian. The study sought to identify the most frequently learned soft skill elements in accounting courses; the relationship between awareness of the soft skills learned and the soft skills grade-performance evaluation; the most effective strategy used to adapt the soft skill elements; and, finally, to analyze the learning outcome achievement of the soft skills learned through accounting student-teachers’ perspective. The researcher surveyed 122 accounting student-teachers from the Faculty of Management and Economics (FME) using an adapted questionnaire from The Effectiveness of Academic Programs at Higher Education Institutions towards Lifelong Learning by Amaludin, Lee, Pandian, and Sirat [10] with coefficient alpha 0.92. The findings indicated the most frequently integrated soft skill elements in the accounting courses were critical thinking and problem solving. The relationship between awareness of the soft skill elements and marks of soft skills indicated the existence of a relationship that was statistically correlated at a p value less than 0.05with r= .460 for the highest relationship that existed between awareness of soft skill in leadership skills and marks of soft skills. Problem-based learning strategy was the most effective strategy used by the lecturers in adapting the soft skills learned, and the accounting student-teachers believed the learning objectives of the embedded 7 soft skill elements were achieved within the range of 57.4 to 88.5%.

Abstract: Sickle cell disease is one of the commonest reasons for hospital admissions in Bahrain and it considered one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality. However, HRQOL in SCD patients is not well studied in this part of the world. SF 36 questionnaire was administered to a total of 1886 participants, through manual and online methods in Salmanya Medical comlex and health centers outpatient’s clinics, general society, and through SCD society, out of which 168 were excluded. Of the participants, 420 (24.4%) had SCD, 607 (35.3%) had chronic disease and 691 (40.2%) were disease free. SCD respondents scored significantly lower than the other two groups in HRQOL in all domains of SF-36, with the following means in role-physical 34.1 (SD 36.1), role-emotional 40.6 (SD 41.0) and general health 44.7 (SD 17.7) affected mostly P ≤ 0.001. Adults with SCD in Bahrain showed significant impairment in all domains of HRQOL when compared to the general population. We would recommend conducting further researches to evaluate the factors that may influence the HRQOL in SCD patients.

This paper explored the influence of selected factors on the marketability of counterfeit and pirated products in Dar-es-salaam region using factorial analysis. The paper followed claims of an upsurge of counterfeit and pirated products in markets and the potential of resulting negative impacts on the health of individuals and overall economic development. A cross-sectional research design and structured questionnaires were used to collect information. The results suggest that factors like the level of income, education (awareness), price and government policies are the key drivers for the purchase of counterfeit and pirated products in Dar-es-salaam region. The study recommends of strengthening the enforcement mechanisms of the existing laws and regulations which deal with discouraging substandard products and unfair practices in markets, putting in place deliberate measures to increase public awareness of the consequences and effects ensuing from the use of counterfeit and pirated products, addressing shortfalls in the intellectual property rights protection laws and regulations and increasing surveillance by the police, inspectors and customs in informal border routes to minimize the problem.

In the present investigation, a series of Schiff bases of substituted 4-Amino- 5 –Phenyl-2, 4- dihydro - [1, 2, 4] - triazole -3 –thione were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity study. The structures of the synthesized Schiff bases were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, and elemental analysis. In anticonvulsant chemo shock method, all the compounds were tested against three chemical stimulants strychnine, thiosemicarbazide and Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) at a dose of 30,100,300 mg/kg at 0.5h to 2hrs time slot and also successfully passed the rotarod test without any sign of neurological defects. The compounds 4A-i, 4A-j, 4A-k, and 4B-i were observed to be most active for anticonvulsant activity while compounds 4A-b, 4A-f, 4A-g, and 4A-h were showing moderate activity. Results indicated that compounds with menthone, camphor derivatives and having chloro-substituted aldehydes/ ketones showed good anticonvulsant activity. Therefore, these derivatives may possible to use as lead compounds for other biological activities also. Overall, the synthesized compounds emerged as more active and less neurotoxic derivatives