This paper aims to estimate the effect of Non-oil Exports on GDP, FDI in Saudi Arabian economy for the period between 1970 and 2019. Moreover, it investigates the causal relationship between Non-oil Exports, GDP and FDI applying the ARDL Bound test and Bootstrap Toda - Yamamoto (1995) causality test. The findings of this study suggest that Saudi Arabia followed an export-led growth path and that economic growth has a significant effect on the FDI growth process via export growth channels, in particular, non-oil exports. The overall findings of this study suggest that non-oil exports growth positively affects GDP in the Saudi economy, which in turn supports increased demand for FDI, when all things are considered equal. The results also show that an encouragement of non-oil exports is a necessity for an effective GDP, FDI in KSA. Therefore, in designing policies towards this direction, economy policy response lag need to be taken into. thus we suggest encouraging non-oil export activities in order to stimulate long-term economic growth in KSA this is by supporting increase demand for FDI. A favorable FDI would reduce the cost of production for producers in the non-oil sector. Thus, leading to a growth in the economy.

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the acute and chronic behavioral and antidepressant effects of aqueous extracts of GS leaves in standardized rats models of depression. Materials and Methods: Aqueous extracts of GS leaves were prepared, and phytoconstituents were determined using appropriate chemical analytical methods. Animals were divided into five groups: The control group received vehicle (saline water 10ml/rat). Amitriptyline (20mg/kg b.w., IP) was used as the positive control or standard group while the treated rats received GS (100, 200, and 400mg/kg body weight i.p). In the acute treatment study, a single dose was administered 30 min prior to testing. For the chronic treatment study, a single dose was administered daily for 14 days. In the chronic dose study, the behaviors of all groups were assessed for antidepressant activity 30 min after the last treatment dose on the 14th day. Different standardized depression models were used for behavioral tests to evaluate the antidepressant activity, such as forced swim test (FST), and tail suspension test (TST) test. Results: The preliminary pharmacological screening with acute dosing exhibited the antidepressant activity of GS, but its antidepressant activity was more enhanced after repeated dosing. In comparison with the acute studies, chronic dose studies displayed a significant antidepressant manifestation in the behavioral patterns when compared to the vehicle controls. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggest that aqueous extracts of GS may possess an antidepressant activity.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of company size, profitability, Leverage, and opinion Audit on the Audit Delay on mining Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2014 – 2018. And to analyze whether Audit quality can moderate company size, profitability, Leverage, and opinion Audit on the Audit Delay on the mining listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2014 – 2018. The method used is a quantitative method. The population in this study is all companies included in the mining sector listed on the Indonesia Stock exchange for five years, 2014 – 2018. Determination of the number of samples carried out using purposive sampling technique with non probability sampling technique so that the samples used in this study as much as 91 companies. The data collection techniques in this research are done in several ways, namely with documentation and library studies. The Data obtained was subsequently analyzed with a double linear regression analysis model using SPSS program support version 20.00. However, before the multiple regression analyses were first carried out analysis of the descriptive statistical regression and test of classical assumptions. The results showed that profitability, Leverage and Audit opinions have significant effect on Audit Delay. Meanwhile, company size has no effect on Audit Delay. Also for quality auditing is able to moderate company size, profitability, and Leverage on Audit Delay. Audit quality does not moderate the influence of Audit opinions on Audit Delay.

Nowadays, supermarkets are almost developed with much technological advancement. People purchase different items from the supermarkets and put them into a trolley because it is the easiest method used in supermarkets to carry goods. However, throughout the whole process of shopping, customer must push the trolley manually by their own effort and when it comes to the billing process customers must wait in long queues to pay their bills. This is a time wasting process due to the busy schedule of people. To avoid these problems the research groups have introduced an effective and highly advance system. To swamp these problems, Shopping malls use this technique as a strategy to increase the number of purchasers. In big cities, we can observe an enormous flash at shopping malls on weekends. This becomes even more when there is diversity of offers and discount. The prevailing billing system is a bit time consuming. So, we thought of inventing a remedial electronic product to catch-up with this problem. We call it “Human Guided Smart Cart for billing system”.

Vocabulary learning is an indispensable part of English learning. In recent years, various Foreign Journal Reading Apps have sprung up and become prevalent in China. Accordingly, it has become a choice for many people to expand their vocabulary by learning foreign journals. Based on intensive reading of foreign journals, this paper focuses on the effect of audio auxiliary input mode on Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition of college students. Research shows: compared with single visual input, this input model is more helpful for the participants to acquire vocabulary knowledge in spelling, meaning and application, and improve the efficiency of incidental vocabulary acquisition.

Career management has come to stay in this era of technological and economic changes in the world, and the way and nature of the career with how people pursue it has changed. Educational organizations therefore, has the need to improve their management so as to achieve better outcome and sustain their continuous competitive advantages over time. Organization assist employees to manage career by establishing different career management programs. Organization may also contribute to career identity by providing abundant opportunities for self-development, advancement and mentoring of their staff to ensure effectiveness and efficiency through career management practices. This paper examines and assess career management practices in educational organizations’ effectiveness and efficiency by reviewing literatures and how it can influence the organization by considering strategies, techniques, needs of individuals and needs of an organization towards educational organization success and performance. This paper shall do justice to career management techniques, principles and components of an effective career management and supports given to various staff to develop their career while working in a given organization.

Introduction: Maternal RBC alloimmunization results from exposure and response to a foreign RBC antigen. Transplacental fetal to maternal hemorrhage is the most common cause of alloimmunization. Rh incompatibility can lead to either fetuses with hydropic features or non hydropic. The precise mechanism leading to the development of hydrops is not certain. All direct fetal sequelae of hemolytic disease relate to the development of anemia. In general, the fetus tolerates mild to moderate anemia well. However, metabolic complications develop as the anemia worsens. Because the RBC is the principal fetal buffer, a metabolic acidemia with hyperlactatemia develops in fetuses with severe anemia. Objective: To compare the difference in mean hemoglobin and hematocrit concentration between Rh-hydropic, non hydropic and control group and further based on severity of hydrops. Methods: A Total of 40 pregnant patients were enrolled which included 10 hydropic fetuses of Rh isoimmunised mothers, 10 non hydropic fetuses of Rh isoimmunized mothers. Control group included 18 Rh positive women without any fetal complication and 2 fetuses in women undergoing cordocentesis. Blood sampling was done at time of intrauterine transfusion and sent for estimation of hemoglobin and hematocrit in fetal blood. Pregnancies were followed up till delivery and fetal outcome noted. Result: Mean values of haemoglobin in hydrops group are 4.54g %, as compared to 6.65g % and 14.26 g % in non-hydrops and control group. Mean haematocrit in hydropic group is 13.91% as compared to 20.25% and 43.51% in non hydropic and control group. The mean haemoglobin concentration in mild hydrops was 5.17g % as compared to 2.7g % in severe hydrops. Conclusion: There was severe hemoglobin and hematocrit deficit in hydropic fetuses as compared to non hydropic and normal fetuses matched for the gestation age. Thus severity of anemia can be considered a strong marker for development of hydrops in Rh isoimmunized fetuses.

Basic life support (BLS) is a resuscitative emergency care provided to victims of medical conditions which could be life threatening, until they can be given full medical care at a hospital. BLS ensures maintenance of clear airway, support of breathing and blood circulation in case of cardiac arrest .BLS is an important aspect of daily emergency medical treatment which ,if provided correctly can save a life. Objective: the objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of dental professionals towards basic life support in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Method: The study was cross sectional in nature. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 174 dental students of government and private sector in Lahore, which included questions on various aspects of basic life support including basic knowledge about treatment procedures and general attitude of dental students towards training. Dully filled questionnaires were collected, analyzed and presented as pie chart and graphs. Results: In this study, 51% of participants showed lack of basic knowledge about basic life support and none of the participants were able to answer all of the asked questions .76% of students admitted that they were never educated about basic life support but 96% of participants agreed that they should be trained for providing basic life support. Conclusion: It was concluded that the dental students and practitioners of Lahore have a healthy attitude towards training of basic life support but a considerable number were lacking in general knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and other critical procedures of basic life support. Despite encountering medical emergencies in dental clinical set ups, they were never trained in basic life support. Theoretical and practical training of BLS should be made a compulsory part of dental courses in the region to rectify the situation.

One of the considerations of investors before investing their capital is to look at the company's financial performance. The variables used to view financial performance in this study are profitability, liquidity, and leverage, and macroeconomic variables, namely inflation as a moderating variable. The object of research is the consumer goods industry sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 6 years (2013-2018). Data needs to be analyzed obtained from the company's financial statements published through IDX and ICMD (Indonesia Capital Market Directory). The analytical tool used is multiple linear regressions and MRA (Moderate Regression Analysis).Based on the results of the analysis it is known that there is a determinant of stock returns which is further strengthened by inflation with a coefficient of determination from 18.3% to 24.3%. The results showed that return on equity as a positive and significant determinant of stock returns, current ratio as a negative and significant determinant of stock returns, debt to assets ratio as a positive and significant determinant of stock returns, debt to equity ratio as a negative and significant determinant of stock returns stock returns, price earnings ratio as a positive and significant determinant of stock returns. While the moderating variable which is proxied by inflation is only able to moderate (strengthen) the debt to assets ratio as a determinant of stock returns and the debt to equity ratio as a determinant of stock returns. The results of this study are expected to make an empirical contribution to the determinants of stock returns by considering the impact of inflation that occurs and become a basis of reference for investors before investing their capital.

Language learning often takes a long process and can be also done in different settings or environments: in family or at school, etc. The learning of a second language consists in finding some other forms that help being able to communicate fluently. It is a matter of knowing how to restructure all the sounds (of a given language) that permit to form and distinguish words, how to combine these words so as to make meaningful sentences and how to find a new organization of the meaning by the words and the grammar. After that, the learner starts trying to speak fluently in oral or writing. The teaching of speaking at school contributes, with the help of the teacher (through the different interactional and communicative given tasks), to the building of confident of the learner to speak orally. This article tries to put up these aspects relating to the acquisition and learning English as second language for the Senegalese learners in general, particularly the ones in the sixth form and proposes a reflection on the methods and techniques, most appropriate, for the implementation of the communicative skill. Thus, after the presentation and analysis of the different data collected through questionnaires, we will cross analysis the different results in order to draw practical conclusions. Then, we will focus on results and implications, on the basis of the aftermath of our study; we will propose recommendations to each stakeholder.

This research analyzes the main reasons for major league baseball strikes by collecting relevant literature and applying negotiation theory. The study found that in addition to tensions and hostility between employers and employees over a history of unharmonious negotiations, there was also a delay in reaching a consensus on the "salary cap" issue in the main reasons leading to the strike. During the entire negotiation process, the player union and the team owner most of the time adopt a distributed negotiation model and apply competitive strategies and tactics to try to make the other party concede, resulting in a serious negotiation deadlock. Therefore, this study suggests that in the future professional sports leagues should expand the resources available to both employers and employees in the common interest when facing controversial issues such as salary, so as to avoid the occurrence of labor disputes.

Introduction: Preterm labor is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity all over the world. Over the past two decades despite major preventive efforts, the incidence of preterm birth has remained constant at about 5-10% of live births. The etiology is often multifactorial and poorly understood. Neonatal complications which arise from preterm births are birth asphyxia, respiratory distress, low birth weight, infective neonatal hypoglycemia and neonatal death. With this background the present study was done to find out perinatal outcome in women presenting with preterm labour. Material and methods: The present study was a descriptive study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 100 consecutive women presented with preterm labour between 28 to <37 weeks were included in the study after obtaining written informed consent. Mode of delivery and neonatal outcome were noted. Data were compiled and analyzed. Results: Majority of the women were between 20 to 35 years of age, Hindu, Literate, belonging to rural area, low socio-economic status, and had normal BMI. 60% women were primigravida. 65% women had gestational age ≥34 weeks. Mean weight of the babies in our study was 1.7 ± 0.4 Kg and mean APGAR score at 5 min was 7.02 ±1.03. 46% babies were admitted in NICU for various reasons and 12% babies had perinatal death. Most common reason for NICU admission was birth asphyxia (42%) followed by extreme prematurity (16%), septicemia (12%) and jaundice (11%). Conclusion: Appropriate and innovative preventive intervention, customized individuals need may prevent preterm births and improve neonatal outcomes.

This study aims to determine the behavior of government bureaucracy in public services. The study was conducted in Parigi Moutong District, with seven informants selected purposively also used a qualitative-descriptive research method. Data collection was carried out by interviews, observation, and literature review. Data analysis used seven bureaucratic behaviors with some aspects, namely caring, superior, transformative, professional, integrity, a vision of novelty, and agent of democratic governance. The results showed that the figure of the bureaucratic apparatus had not been realized if it was associated with public services. It is occurred due to the existence of the effect by the system of Nepotism and political intervention with several research findings. For example, a bureaucratic care attitude towards public services by paying attention to the level of education and competence, excellence, professionalism, integrity, and the vision of a person's novelty can not be used as the most important criteria. The important thing is that the person concerned has an emotional connection, i.e., as family or team successful at the time of the regional head election process. In addition, it also cannot be used as an agent of democratic governance because it places a person in a non-transparent way, there are still political interventions that lead to negative perceptions that the behavior of the bureaucratic apparatus does not adhere to moral-ethical values, such as, upholding the mandate, distancing themselves from conflicts of interest.

Aim: Purpose of our study was to assess the awareness of dentists regarding medico-legal aspects in dentistry. Methodology: Our study enrolled 100 BDS dentists as participants in the online survey. Questions premeditated to test the awareness of dental practitioners toward IC, types of consent, time for taking consent, consent form for minors, negligence for non-referral, indemnity policy etc. Results: The results show that around 78% of dentists knew about informed consent and its importance in medico-legal aspects. Around 67% of dentists were aware of CPA and 45.7% of them had the knowledge about indemnity insurance policy and how it helps the dentist in case of medico-legal issues. Conclusion: In our study, we came across the fact that dentists participated in the survey had knowledge about informed consent but had less awareness about dental code of ethics. There was a need to increase awareness for medico-legal aspects in dental professionals.

The objective of our work is to assess the practice of thromboprophylaxis in urological surgery in relation to international recommendations and to propose corrective measures. This is a prospective observational study of the practice of thromboprophylaxis in urological surgery. Carried out over a period of ten weeks. Data collection was carried out on files developed in consultation; the analysis of the results made it possible to include only the files subject to thromboprophylaxis and the comparison of these results with data from the literature to judge the conformity of the decisions of thromboprophylaxis compared to the specific recommendations. Among the 40 cases collected, one case was excluded because they relate to curative thromboprophylaxis. Compliance with the decision whether or not to initiate thromboprophylaxis concerned only 29 patients out of 39, ie decision compliance of 74.35%. Analysis of the overall thromboembolic risk showed that this risk was high in 35% of the cases. The duration of thromboprophylaxis was the judgment criterion, the compliance of which was only 63.6 3%. These results show the interest of this kind of study in order to update our protocols in accordance with the recommendations with regard to thromboprophylactic prevention, it is highly desirable to sensitize health professionals to the importance of respecting the prescription period for better patient management.