Background: In the past couple of decades, considerable importance has been given on the role of myofibroblasts (MFs) in tumour progression and prognosis. Myofibroblasts create a physical barrier between carcinoma cells and immune system of the: body against cancer. Hence; the present study was undertaken for assessing the expression of myofibroblast in oral squamous cell carcinoma cases and comparing it with healthy controls. Materials & Methods: A total of 20 biopsy specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. Complete demographic details and clinical data of all the specimens were obtained from data records. Two sections were obtained from each specimen: one for staining immune-histo-chemically using α- SMA antibody (alpha-smooth muscle actin antibody) and other for staining with haematoxylin and eosin. Criteria described by Etemad-Moghadam S et al were used for evaluating the expression of myofibroblast. Based on these criteria, staining index was graded as zero, moderate and high. Blood capillaries were taken as positive controls. Comparison was done in between the OSCC group and the control group. All the results were recorded in Microsoft excel sheet and were analysed by SPSS software. Results: In the OSCC group, 90 percent of the cases had high staining index of myofibroblast, while the remaining 10 percent of the cases had moderate staining index. In the control group, all the specimens showed negative staining index. While comparing statistically, it was observed that mean staining was significantly higher among OSCC group in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: Myofibroblast play a definitive role in the invasive behaviour of OSCC. Hence, it is suggested that myofibroblasts might be used as a stromal marker for observing the severity and progression of OSCC.

At present, with people's deepening understanding of the relevant functions and nature of discourse, discourse power is also attached importance by the country and all walks of life, and discourse right has increasingly become a topic of great concern to scholars. This paper adopts content analysis method to study journal articles with discourse power as the key words published in CSSCI journals from 2008 to 2019. From the research hot topics, research purposes, research methods, subject distribution, fund projects and other aspects of quantitative and qualitative statistical analysis, combing the research status of the discourse power in the past eleven years, and put forward a rich discourse theory foundation for the remaining shortcomings. We will make some suggestions on building a new era of discourse power structure system and strengthening the construction of an innovative talent training system for discourse rights. We hope to provide reference for the application practice and development of dialogue and speech rights research.

The PREN value of the alloy may lead to a misleading prediction of pitting corrosion resistance because in the event of an imbalance of  ferrite and austenite volume fraction, the chemical composition of the phases may be very different from that of the alloy. In this case, the PREN of one of the phases may be below the PREN of the alloy. Three laminated duplex stainless steels with different PRENs were characterized: UNS S32304 (Lean Duplex), UNS S31803 (Duplex) and UNS S32750 (Super Duplex). Several complementary techniques of microstructural analysis were used, such as optical emission spectrometry, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with coupled EDS. Quantitative metallographic analyzes were carried out to determine the volume fraction of  ferrite and austenite, and semi-quantitative chemical analyzes of the present phases, using a coupled EDS-SEM. For all the alloys studied, it was observed that the  ferrite presents higher Cr and Mo contents than the austenite phase, which had N contents higher than the  ferrite. The PREN of  ferrite is higher than that observed for austenite for both UNS S32304 (Lean Duplex) and UNS S31803 (Duplex). In UNS S32750 (Super Duplex), the PREN of the austenite is higher than that observed for  ferrite due to the higher content of N of this alloy.

Introduction: Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor is a most common anomaly that needs to be treated orthodontically in patients who does not prefer prosthesis. This case report will explain a novel approach to treat the agenesis of maxillary lateral incisor using skeletal anchorage system. Method: 20 years old female patients reported with a chief complaint of spacing and forwardly placed upper front teeth. On diagnosis, Angle`s class I dentoalveolar malocclusion on a class I skeletal base was evident with congenitally missing 12. Patient preferred for space closure of 12 regions. Bollard plate was surgically placed on left maxillary tuberosity. 2 TADs were inserted between 14, 15 & 22, 23. Initial alignment of teeth, levelling of bracket slots and space closure in 12 regions were achieved. Brass hooks were soldered on 0.021" X 0.025" SS arch wire at 2 spots - between 11, 21; 22, 23. E chain was given from bollard plates to hook between 22, 23. Also force was given from TAD placed on left quadrant to the hook soldered between 11, 21 and another between TAD of the right quadrant to the 2nd molar to achieve complete skewing of the arch and mesialisation of molar on right side to achieve class II molar relation. Result: Angle`s class II subdivision dentoalveolar malocclusion on a class I skeletal base was achieved with complete skewing of the dental arch to the left side using skeletal anchorage system.

Antioxidants have been found to terminate the attack of reactive oxygen species which have been implicated in the pathophysiology of many diseases. This study is reporting the antioxidant activity and the preliminary phytochemistry of the ethanol extract from the stem of Anchomanes difformis. The ethanol extract (ADES) was obtained by cold maceration and partitioned into: n-hexane (ADHS), dichloromethane (ADDS) and aqueous (ADAS) fractions. Free radical scavenging activity was done using the standard diphenylpicrylhydrazine (DPPH) spectrophotometric method with ascorbic acid as the standard for comparison. Phytochemical screening was done using standard phytochemical screening reagents. Chromatography (Column and thin layer) techniques was used for the separation of antioxidant compounds from the bioactive fractions with antioxidant activity identified after spraying the developed thin layer chromatography plates with DPPH. Infra-red (IR) spectroscopy was used for functional group characterization of the isolated antioxidant compounds. The significant {p<0.05) trend in free radical scavenging activity (IC50 mg/ml) was: ADHS (>10.0) ˂ ADES (> 10.0) ˂ ADAS (4.0) ˂ ADDS (1.8) ˂ ascorbic acid (<0.3125). Saponins, sugar derivatives and triterpenoids were present as class of phytochemicals with alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides and phenolics absent. From IR spectroscopy analysis, antioxidant component coded ADD1 isolated from the ADDS fraction was partially characterized to be an aromatic (but not phenolic) compound having either a hydroxylated aliphatic or glycosylated side chain while the antioxidant component ADA1 isolated from the ADAS fraction was partially characterized to be a glycoside derivative with a saturated ketone aglycone moiety. The ADES was relatively safe (LD50>5000 mg/kgbw). This result is suggestive that the ADDS and ADAS fractions are containing constituents that could act as good free radical scavengers and probably have the ability to inhibit the progression of tissue damage due to oxidative stress.

This study analyzes the impact of trade openness, economic growth, energy consumption and urban population on carbon dioxide emission by using annual data of 50 Belt and Road countries for the period 1992 to 2014. Further the study also analyzes three regions groups of the Belt and Road. The study applied Pooled OLS, Fixed effect, Random effect and GLS models to the realization of this investigation. The fixed-effect model elicited that trade openness mitigated carbon dioxide emission While economic growth, energy consumption, and urban population has proved to be harmful for the environment in overall sample, GLS also supported the same finding. The empirical results suggest that policymakers should consider to ensure and facilitate more trade openness, reduce the usage of carbon fossil fuel, regulate environmental policy, e.g., Carbon tax or pollution permits on pollution-intensive goods to reduce emission and increase dependency on renewable energy. Moreover, encourage economy liberalization with the intention to bring more investments in energy efficiency technologies and access to products with high energy efficiency as well as create the general public awareness of eco-friendly investments and green energy in BRI economies that reduces carbon dioxide emissions.

In recent years, the research on the combination of linguistics and translatology is becoming more and more abundant. This study not only introduces the study of the two subjects, but also explores the problems of gaps in translation process of ancient Chinese poetry. Through the approach of contrastive research, this study analyses the contrast of lexeme and semantic gaps reflected by nouns in ten English versions of Li Bai’s poem: Seeing Meng Haoran off at Yellow Crane Tower. Results show that the social and cultural factors behind the naming of nouns are closely related to the emergence of these gaps. Translators should find out exact causes behind those gaps and choose appropriate translation strategies according to the different types of the gaps.

Primary nasopharyngeal tuberculosis is rare, we present an observation revealed by a pseudo-tumor aspect posing the problem of differential diagnosis with malignant lesions of the cavum.

Background: Metformin when used in combination with other drugs such as Tenegliptin, voglibose and glimepiride is effective and well tolerated in diabetes management. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of combination of metformin with Tenegliptin, voglibose and glimepiride in patients with type 2 DM. Methods: In this prospective, randomized clinical trial study 150 patients were included. The patients were divided into three groups, each group comprising of 50 patients. In all the patients fasting plasma glucose, 2 hours postprandial plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level were assessed before starting the treatment and after completion of the treatment. Group I consisted of patients who were prescribed metformin 500 mg with Tenegliptin 20 mg, in Group II, consisted of patients who were prescribed metformin 500 mg with voglibose 0.2 mg, and Group III, consisted of patients who were prescribed metformin 500 mg with glimepiride 1 mg. The outcome of the therapy was based on the level of improvement in the blood parameters. Results: There was a significant reduction of HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose and 2 hours postprandial plasma glucose levels at the start and after 12 weeks of treatment in all the groups. Intergroup comparison between both the groups revealed no significant difference in terms of glycaemic control. Conclusion: From above results it was concluded that all three groups have equal efficacy in controlling the fasting plasma glucose, 2 hours postprandial plasma glucose and HbA1c level.

The corona virus disease 2019 is a type of pneumonia which is found to be fatal. The novel corona virus named as SARS CoV 2 which emerged from Whuan, China in December 2020 is now spread in more than 200 countries and has lead to more than 40,000 fatalities worldwide. The COVID 19 hence stood up as the most dangerous disease with highest fatalities in the world. The taxanomy of this novel virus is not very similar to other corona virus (MERS CoV and SARS CoV) which have also affected humans. Thus it has created a situation where we don’t have any such antiviral drug which can be effective against this virus during its incubation in human body. The spread of this novel virus is so rapid that it took only couple of months to spread to almost whole world. The symptoms are as common as cold, cough; sore throat and lastly pneumonia which are very normal and similar to influenza infection so were not treated seriously during initiation of spread. As there is no prevention and cure for this novel virus and no first line treatment for COVID 19 the only way to combat this disease is to stop the spread which can only be done by social distancing which is also being advised by WHO.

Pre-eclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure (hypertension), fluid retention (oedema) and excessive protein levels in the urine (proteinuria). These symptoms are not evident during the early stages of pregnancy and as such preeclampsia can be difficult to diagnose. It is only detectable by regular antenatal checks on maternal blood pressure and urine, and as such women without access to adequate healthcare services are particularly at risk. This study intended to assess the knowledge regarding Pre-Eclampsia Toxemia among antenatal mothers. A descriptive study was conducted in primary health centre outpatient department at Karanchavadi with 50 samples who were recruited by non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data gathering was carried out with a semi structured questionnaires and the major findings of the study reveals that 8 (16%) had adequate knowledge, 15 (30%) had moderate knowledge and 27 (54%) had inadequate knowledge on Pre-Eclampsia Toxemia among antenatal mother. There are significant associations between levels of knowledge with demographic variables such as age and occupation. The study suggests creating the awareness among the antenatal mothers by an awareness among antenatal mother help in improve their health.

This study was conducted at a tertiary care eye hospital to evaluate and compare the two techniques of sutureless cataract surgeries which are manual small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification with rigid posterior chamber intraocular lens with respect to surgically induced astigmatism, operative and postoperative complications and best corrected visual acuity at the end of 8 weeks. The study was carried out on 100 patients who were divided into 2 groups with group A undergoing MSICS with rigid PCIOL and group B undergoing phacoemulsification with rigid PCIOL. Postoperative evaluation was done till 3 months. The mean surgically induced astigmatism in group A was higher than that in group B. Operative complications were seen in 6% of group A as compared to 8% in group B. The overall postoperative complication rate in the study was 8%. Hence, both the surgeries have almost similar outcome in terms of final visual acuity, astigmatism and complications.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Commelina diffusa on gentamicin induced-nephrotoxicity in rats. Nephrotoxicity was induced by intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin (80 mg/kg) for 10 days. Simultaneous, extracts were administered at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg. Silimaryn (100 mg/kg) was used as reference drug. At the end of the experimental period, body weight, kidney weight, urine output, biochemical and antioxidants parameters were evaluated; kidney tissues were also examined. Results showed that gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity confirmed by a significant (p <0.05 to p <0.001) increased in serum urea, sodium and creatinine levels, and a significant (P<0.05) decreased of urine creatinine level in negative control group. In the same group, the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and the levels of gluthation and serum protein were significantly decreased while malondialdehyde level was increased compared to normal control. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of C. diffusa significantly reversed all the altered parameters. Histopathological examination of kidney tissues revealed that aqueous extract of C. diffusa at dose of 200 mg/kg repaired the renal damage induced by gentamicin. In conclusion, aqueous and methanolic extracts of C. diffusa possess nephroprotective effects.

Olax viridis Oliv. (Olacaceae) is a shrub common in the tropics and grows well in the forest and savannah region. Species of this genus are used traditionally in the treatment of breast cancer and related diseases among others. This study aims to report the antiproliferative and in vitro antioxidant activities of butanol fraction of O. viridis root bark. Extraction of the pulverized dry bark was done by cold maceration using methanol and was further partitioned successively with N-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Fractionation of butanol fraction was done with vacuum-liquid-chromatography and subfractions monitored with TLC. Phytochemical screening of fraction A-C was carried out using standard phytochemical method while their constituents were evaluated using TLC. Antiproliferative activity was determined by cell viability assay using Saccharomyces cerevisae (yeast) as a model organism while the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay was used for antioxidant evaluation in-vitro with ascorbic acid as the reference standard for comparison. All the sub-fractions contain sugar, steroids, triterpenes and saponins. Sub-fractions A, B and C showed constituents (Rf values of 0.23, 0.41, 0.51 and 0.58), (Rf values of 0.46 and 0.63) and (Rf values of 0.44 and 0.62) respectively. The sub-fraction A showed dose-dependent activities for DPPH radical scavenging activity thus A(IC50=1.60mg/ml) while antiproliferative activities of all the sub-fractions were dose dependent A(IC50=8.22mg/ml) >B( IC50=>10 mg/ml). Sub fraction A showed a promising activity, and this preliminary study validated the traditional use of Olax species in the treatment of cancer.

Vitamin D is a fat soluble hormone, with a well explained function in bone fitness and calcium/phosphate metabolism. Current proofs have linked vitamin D to other physiological functions and pathological states. Addition of vitamin D supplements to the theorized (Minocycline, N-acetylcysteine and Aspirin) triple combined therapy to COVID-19, may improve the therapeutic efficacy of the joint therapy. Invivo and invitro laboratory experiments will confirm this theory about COVID-19 crisis.