Ocular colobomas are malformations of eye and are associated with early cataractous changes. Cataract surgery in eyes with coloboma require extra care and planning at each stage as these eyes are at greater risk for complications during cataract surgery. Presenting here, the outcome of cataract surgery in a 45 years female who presented with micro cornea, iris coloboma and advanced cataractous changes with nystagmus. The preoperative planning and management, the complications dealt during phacoemulsification and the outcome are discussed.

The spirit of Islamic institution in instilling a nationalist insight at the time of independence is always carried out to instill the country’s defense. Developing a national insight toward Santri can be done in a variety of ways and activities. The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of training and scouting education, the development of nationalism insight, supporting factors, obstacles or obstacles that arise, and the solutions made in Gontor Modern Islamic boarding school environment. The research method used in this research was qualitative method to answer the research problem accordance with the phenomena that occurred in the Developing the Nationality Insights through Education and Scouting Training at Gontor Modern Islamic boarding school Environment. The data collection techniques were done by doing observations, conducting interviews, and analyzing some relevant documentations. The techniques to check the validity of data was based on holding certain criteria. The data validity criteria were based on four things, namely the degree of trust or credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The criteria for data collection were examined using detailed description techniques, the criteria for dependency and certainty were carried out by auditing. The technique of checking the validity data was carried out by the evidences.

Coronaviruses was first discovered in the late 1960s and were responsible for most respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in the human population. The present COVID-19 outbreak has affected over 210 countries including Nigeria. It is one of the largest respiratory disease affecting several countries simultaneously; a novel strain of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified as the causative agent. Sequel to the advice of the International Health Regulation Emergency Committee, the Director-General of WHO declared that, COVID-19 outbreak has become a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30th January, 2020; and characterized it as a pandemic on 11th March, 2020. The success in curtailing the pandemic (COVID-19) depends largely on better understanding of the basic facts. The aim of this review was to examine the basic facts such as, origin, spread, morphology, symptom, diagnosis, precautionary measures with WHO/NCDC/National guidelines, management and treatment, vaccine design and development, pathogenicity and ethical implications.

This article analyzes the phenomenon of gender-based political violence in Mexico, which has impacted and affected the political participation of women in the country, which began in the 19th century, and which represents not only an existing problem, but rooted and recurring. Women in Mexican politics have been historically invisible and have been limited in the exercise of their political-electoral rights due to various social, cultural, partisan, structural, institutional circumstances, among others, that have favored the existence of a considerable and very marked gap with respect to men in this area. Hence the importance of the issue being addressed and eradicated, since it is a practice that restricts women and complicates their full development. In this work, political violence is conceptualized, and among other points, it is analyzed how it is presented, how it can be detected, what are the behaviors that it implies, some cases that show it, what are the rights of the victims and what institutions, instances , organizations, pacts, protocols, conventions and laws, both national and international, provide attention, channeling and solution to various aspects related to political violence against women on the basis of gender and some of the actions that have been taken, aimed at attend to it, sanction it, and prevent it. A cross-sectional documentary investigation was carried out to analyze the historical development of political violence up to the conditions in which it is currently manifested in Mexico.

Exaggerated placental site (EPS) reaction is an exuberant physiologic process wherein intermediate trophoblasts infiltrate the underlying endometrium and myometrium at the implantation site. Its diagnosis is established only histopathologically which reveals proliferation of intermediate trophoblasts at the implantation site with absence of mitotic activity. Distinguishing EPS reaction from other trophoblastic tumors is crucial due to difference in management and prognostic outcome. We reported a case of 35 years old multigravida female who presented to the hospital at gestational age of 39+6 weeks with complaints of persistent post-delivery bleeding. We received a hysterectomy specimen in our department. Grossly the specimen measured 14cm x 14cm x 8 cm and endometrial cavity was filled with hemorrhagic soft tissue. On microscopy, microsections revealed gravid uterus with numerous intermediate trophoblasts extending into but confined to the myometrium; a diagnosis of exaggerated placental site rophoblastic reaction was made. EPS can develop anytime from early to term pregnancy. Clinical features are non-specific such as abdominal pain, high grade fever, continuous bleeding per vaginum. Only 12 cases have been reported in English literature based on PubMed from 1990 through 2020. EPS is rare and diagnosis is chiefly histopathological. It should be considered albeit rare as a differential diagnosis of heavy bleeding after a delivery or abortion. It is necessary to differentiate this entity from other neoplastic pathologies of trophoblast, since it does not require any surgical treatment or follow up.

Background: Oral health entails practicing and maintenance of good oral hygiene. It is an integral part of general health. Aim: To determine the oral health behavior among dental, medical and nursing students of the Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja Lagos. Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted among dental, medical and nursing students of Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, using a self-administered structured questionnaire, which assessed their oral health attitude and practices. The obtained data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 software. Results: One hundred and thirty participated in the study. More than twenty-eight percent (28.5%) brush twice a day, 27.7% use dental floss regularly, and only 47.7% use water to rinse after meals. About 56.9% of the medical students have never been to a dentist. A few, 7.7% have undertaken the every 6 months dental visits and 77.7% agreed that oral hygiene was necessary for good general health. The study also showed that female students (both dental and medical) showed better oral health practices than male students. Conclusion: Although dental students exhibited better practice towards oral health, but there was a lack of adequate attitude among them. Further emphasis on oral health is necessary in undergraduate training to improve the oral health attitude and practice among dental, medical and nursing students as they will act as role models for oral health education among individuals and community at large.

The focal interest in this study has been to critically evaluate the trend of non-oil-export-stimulation facility (NESF) as well as non-export performance in Nigeria. The NESF is a 10-year tenure CBN debenture investment that worth N500 billion naira as credit to non-oil export sector with commencement from 2017. Although, NESF experienced a halt in the process due to forensic auditing of perceived corruption in Nigerian Export and Import Bank (NEXIM) operations which has crippled earlier similar programmes, a cursory look at NESF through percentage growth and graphical trend of non-oil export extracted from CBN Statistical bulletin 2019 reveals remarkable increase in the trend of non-oil export activities from 2017 to 2019 being the incubating as well as implementation period. While negative growth rates of 15.5%, 30.8% and 0.6% were recorded in 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively, in 2017, 2018 and 2019, there was positive and remarkable growth rate in non-oil export sector by 63.7%, 32.6% and 124.9% respectively. Also, from ARDL result, non-oil export positively influences RGDP. This suggests that with prudent administration of the NESF, there abound great hope in the economic growth of Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommended that concerned beneficiaries of NESF should maximize accrued advantages of this opportunity especially its favourable repayment-period-spread and rates, with a two-year moratorium. Also, the rebranded NEXIM should take it as a foremost duty to scrutinized, monitor and reprimand where necessary for the attainment of NESF nominated objectives. Finally, improvement in infrastructure needed for export promotion should be strengthened.

In order to remove the residual harmful lead ion(Pb2+) in water, modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (O-MWNTs), as a adsorbent, was used to enrich and remove Pb2+ in water samples. O-MWNTs was obtained by mixed acid oxidation. It was analyzed and confirmed that O-MWNTs had been obtained successfully by FITR and TEM. The adsorption property of O-MWNTs to Pb2+ in water was investigated. The adsorption efficiency of adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, adsorption pH and adsorption temperature was investigated, and conclusions are as follows: when pH is 5, the temperature is 20℃, adsorption time is 40 min, and adsorbent dosage is 40 mg/L, the adsorption efficiency was the highest. Adsorption rate of can reach 81.7% under optimal conditions.

Objective of the present study was to analyze association of blood pressure with fruit chaat likeness. A questionnaire was prepared about the fruit chaat likeliness. 200 participants were took part in this project. All these people were the students of postgraduate class. First of all we measured the blood pressure of all the participants and then took their views about the likeliness of fruit chaat. The present study showed that blood pressure and fruit chaat likeness have no scientific relationship.

This study aims to analyze the affect of dividend payout ratio, asset growth, and Debt to Equity Ratio as a moderation on corporate value. The independent variables used in this study are Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), Total Asset Growth (TAG), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). The dependent variable used is the corporate value with the proxy Tobin's Q. The research sample is a manufacturing company of Consumer Goods Industry that is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with a research period of 2015-2018. Data was collected by purposive sampling method. The Data analysis method used is multiple linear regression method by performing statistical testing between variabels. The result of this study indicate that the t-test, Dividend policy (DPR) affect on corporate value. Asset growth (TAG) has no affect on corporate value. DER variable is a moderating variable that affects the relationship between the DPR and Corporate Value Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) affect on corporate value. DER strengthens DPR’s relationship with corporate value. DER variable as a moderating variable does not affect the relationship of AG with Corporate Value.

Palpable breast lumps in females are quite common which can be benign or malignant. After carcinoma cervix, carcinoma breast is the second most common cancer in females. Rapid diagnostic test like Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) which is easy, quick, reliable, affordable and an OPD procedure can be utilized to plan the treatment accordingly. In this study various breast lesions of Pre-menopausal females were evaluated on the basis of cytological findings. This two-year study from January 2013 to December 2015 including 200 cases aspirated from palpable breast lumps of pre-menopausal females. Physical examination of breast lumps was done by palpation with aspiration and Cytological diagnosis was made. In this study most common benign breast lesion was fibroadenoma and among malignant ones medullary carcinoma was predominant (02 cases)

Background: The emergence of the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 colistin-resistance genes in bacteria poses a potential threat for treatment of patients, especially when hospitalized. The pinpoints of this study were to search for the presence of mcr-1genein the thick of gram negative rods (Eschericea coli, Klebsiella spieces, Pseudomonas speices, Proteus speices, Aceinetobacter species, Serritia and Citrobacter species) isolates from clinical specimen using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. Methods: In this study, 185 nonduplicate Enterobacteriaceae isolates from clinical specimens were tested. Antimicrobial susceptibility test on 11 antibiotics was done by Kirby baur disk diffusion method. The presence of mcr-1 gene was investigated by PCR technique. Results: Out of 185 non duplicate Enterobacteriaceae, 6 isolates show positive mcr-1 gene including one Isolate (16.4%) Pseudomonas aeurginosa from urine sample, and 5 (83.3%) Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from two wound sample (40%), one high vaginal swab sample (20%), one blood sample (20%) and one urine sample (20%). Most of Isolates that harboring mcr-1 gene detected by PCR isolated from patients were used antibiotics for treatment (n=4 (66.6%)). Conclusion: Colistin (Polymycin E) which used for treating Gram- negative bacterial infections should be mainly used for treating the severest infection to preserve their effectiveness and to avoid transferring of the gene from one bacterium to other by the different methods of genes transferring.

background: Natural antibacterial agents derived from different parts of medicinal plants (leaves, seeds, roots, flowers….etc) might represent an alternative treatment of infectious diseases, Plants with their wide variety of chemical constituents offer a promising source of new antimicrobial agents, with general as well as specific antibacterial activity. The aim of this study is to screen antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera leaves and seeds extract against selected members of bacteria. Method: Five bacterial ATCC strains and seven clinically isolated strains were used in this study. 100 g of Moringa olifara leaves and 150 g of the coarsely powdered Seeds were extracted with 80 % methanol using soxhlet extractor apparatus for about eight hours. The antibacterial activity was determined by the agar well diffusion method .Muller Hinton agar medium was used for bacterial cultures. Results: The study reveals that the Moringa oleiferaleaves and seeds extract show prominent Invitro antibacterial activity against all used bacterial species and the antibacterial activity of leaves extract is stronger than antibacterial activity of seeds extract and these results showing the possibility of using this tree in treatment of diseases caused by these pathogens. Conclusion: The study concluded that the activity of this plant in the treatment of diseases associated with bacterial pathogens is validated and scientifically supported by the results obtained in this study.

Objectives: Fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) refers to the passage of fetal blood into the maternal circulation before or during delivery. Besides the deleterious effects of anemia in the fetus, allo sensitization of the mother to red cell particularly Rh antigens may result in significant mortality/morbidity in the current fetus or in future gestations. HbF resist acid-elution to a greater extent than do normal cells and it can be detected by Kleihauer Betke method. The objective is to study the importance of Von Kleihauer Betke test and its application in identifying the red cells containing fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and to calculate its percentage of existence in mothers during labor, at Trichy SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre. Materials and Methods: To study the importance of Von Kleihauer Betke test and its application in assessing fetomaternal haemorrhage, intravenous blood samples were collected from all the mothers, who got admitted for labor at Trichy SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre during July 2017 – Sep 2017. Thin blood smears were prepared and stained by acid elusion method. The stained slides were examined for red cells containing HbF fewer than 100x oil immersion microscope by the investigators separately to reduce subjective variation. To calculate the number of red blood cells containing HbF in mother, Von Kleihauer Betke test formula has been used. Blood grouping test of the entire mother and their neonates also was done to identify the Rh typing. Von Kleihauer Betke test has been implicated to calculate the dosage of RhIG to be given in Rh negative mothers with Rh positive babies. Observation and result: Among 215 mothers involved in the study, HbF % range was observed to be within 0-2.0%. No significant percentage of fetomaternal haemorrhage exceeding 2% was observed in our study during the study period. Among the samples of 215 mothers studied, HbF range was lowest (0-0.5%) in 40% (n=88), mid-range (0.6-1.5%) in 42% (n=89) and higher range (1.6-2%) in 17% (n=38) only.

The regulatory role of kisspeptin and its receptor, G protein coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) on reproductive processes is well documented. The main objective of this study is to determine the effects of non synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in kiss 1 receptor gene of sheep (F 195 L). The amino acid sequence (>HM135393) was retrieved from the data bank of National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI, db SNP). Analysis using panther indicated the damaging effects of substitution of Phenylalanine with Leucine at position 195 of the amino acid sequence of Kisspeptin. Effects of single nucleotide polymorphism was also predicted to be deleterious by Provean software. The study provide useful information on the potential role of Kiss 1 receptor gene in regulating reproductive traits in sheep. Findings of this research highlights the role of GPR54 as an efficient genetic marker for improving reproductive performance of farm animals.