Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is one of the most commonly consumed tropical fruits by humans, especially Ivorians. The present study was initiated to evaluate the physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties of watermelon juice produced in an artisanal way. For this purpose, the effect of pasteurization (82°C for 20 s) and storage (8°C for four days) on different parameters were evaluated. The pH decreases from 4.83 to 3.78 (unpasteurized juice) and from 5.13 to 3.84 (pasteurized juice), the acidity increases from 0.09 to 0.34 g/L (unpasteurized juice) and from 0.09 to 0.25 g/L (pasteurized juice), the Brix values drop from 5.95 to 4.65°B (unpasteurized juice) and from 6 to 4.80°B (pasteurized juice), and the dry matter and reducing sugars respectively varied from 4.49 to 2.12%, 0.069 to 0.06% (unpasteurized juice) and from 5.25 to 2.21%, 0.064 to 0.06%. No change was observed in the ash content in the two juices. It varied from 0.32 to 0.08%. Regarding vitamin C and lycopene, the average contents were respectively 7.57 g/mL and 0.055 mg/100 mL (unpasteurized juice) and 2.45 g/mL and 0.047 mg/100 mL (pasteurized juice). Microbiological analyzes of unpasteurized and pasteurized juices have shown the absence of coliforms and staphylococcus aureus. However, the number of mesophilic aerobic germs is lower than that of the standard. The sensory test shows that watermelon juice products have a good acceptance by the panelists. Finally, this study showed that heat treatment influences the antioxidant content and not the physicochemical parameters and ensures a healthy juice.

Background: The coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic is the defining global health crisis of our time and the greatest challenge we have faced since World War II. Since its emergence in Asia late last year, the virus has spread to every continent except Antarctica. In our center, 36 out of 180 Health Care Workers (20%) of CCH staff were diagnosed with COVID-19 in the month of June – August 2020 and 32 out of 281 admissions (11.39%) in cardiac patients. For the first two months (March and April) of COVID-19 pandemic in Hail region, there were no infections noted in our center. Routine admission of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients in Catheterization Laboratory was allowed with awaiting swabbing result. Proper precautionary measures and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) were strictly observed to highly suspicious COVID-19 high-risk cardiac patients. Methods: Between July– August 2020, this retrospective study was conducted for almost 2-month period based on prospective data collection at Cardiac Center Hail (CCH). Data collection through MEDICAPLUS documentation, daily COVID-19 scoring of both healthcare practitioners (Online Visual Triage) and patients (Respiratory Triage Checklist) were practiced, assessment and review of the laboratory results of admitted patients were done by the cardiac specialists. Daily recording of COVID-19 positive cardiac patients done by the unit heads and supervisors were gathered as reference of this study. This study is conducted to show the prevalence of COVID-19 positive admitted cardiac patients in our facility and discuss the importance of routine swabbing. Also, to contribute to research platforms in hopes of learning from the current pandemic response to better prepare for the next unforeseen crisis. Results: For two-month study period, there were 281 cardiac admissions from Emergency Room in Coronary Care Unit and Cardiac Ward, of which 32 (11.39%) were cases of COVID-19 positive. Due to the increasing number of infected healthcare workers (doctors, nurses and technicians) most especially in Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, all symptomatic and exposed medical and nursing staff were mandated to undergone COVID-19 swabbing on the month of July. The routine was to triage patients with scoring system (attached one) if score > 4, swabbing is done, if <4 admit without swab. Routine swabbing of admitted patients and decreasing the number of on-duty staff in the facility reduced unnecessary exposure to positive cases in Catheterization Laboratory, number of infected health care workers and also to reduce complications due to intervention on positive cases. Conclusion: Without testing there is no data. Tests allow us to identify infected individuals, guiding the medical treatment that they receive and it can help allocate medical resources and staff more efficiently. Through this study, the patients and health care practitioners were working together to deliver essential services, limit the spread of COVID-19 and to cushion the potentially devastating impact it may have on vulnerable people.

Background: The consistent use of recommended infection prevention practices is a critical component of quality health services, as well as a basic right of every patient, client, or staff member in a health care setting. Summary: This review of literature includes three sections. The first section is an overview about IUD; the second section is devoted to infection control measures in family planning unit while the third explain maternity nurses' practice of such measures.

Objective: to assess the management of incomplete abortions using the manual intrauterine aspiration technique (MIUA) in the Obstetric Gynecology clinic of the SO CHU. Method: This is a retrospective, descriptive study that took place at the gynecology and obstetrics clinic of the SO University of Lomé, over a period of 12 months (January to December 2017). Results: Of the 7440 pregnancies recorded, there were 460 abortions, (6.18%). Among the abortions, there were 126 cases of incomplete abortions managed by the MIUA, a frequency of 27.39%. The average age was 27 years with extremes of 13 and 54 years. Local anesthesia coupled with verbacaine has been used in all of our patients. The use of analgesics by injection before and after aspiration was systematic. Red blood cells were prescribed in 13.5% of cases, fresh frozen plasma in 4.8% of cases and antianemics in 90.48% of cases. All of our women (100%) had fluids, antibiotics, analgesics and syntocinon. In 64.29%, our patients had not adopted a contraceptive method after counseling. In contrast, 22.22% of them opted for the pills. Conclusion: Abortions, whether spontaneous or induced, constitute a public health problem and therefore require adequate management. The availability and simplicity of the MIUA technique are definite advantages.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD’s) are defined as “A collective term embracing a number of clinical problems that involve the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint and associated structures or both”. TMD’s are considered a major source of non-dental orofacial pain interfering with normal daily activities and affecting the quality of life. Despite huge amount of research in the diagnosis and management of temporomandibular disorders, there is still no certain therapeutic method that proved to be solely effective in pain management resulting from TMD’s. This review article contains a collection for the various therapeutic procedures used for management of TMD pain and discusses the most recent evidence on their effectiveness through comprehensive review of Pubmed for relevant publications within the last decade.

The aim of this work is to prepare the room-stable calcium ferrate CaFeO4 from Na2FeO4 chemically synthesized from ferric salts, in an alkali hydroxide medium and hypochlorite which is a particularly effective oxidizing agent in the synthesis, respecting the filtration, purification and drying processes required for the synthesis, because each change can lead to decomposition and decrease in purity. The calcium ferrate synthesis process consists in substituting the sodium ions of the VI ferrate obtained by Calcium by mixing them with a solution of calcium nitrate Ca(NO3)2, in order to study and optimize the essential parameters influencing the yield substitution as well as monitoring of its degradation over time, the reaction yield of which is of the order of 98.7% at a temperature of around [0 ° C - 40 ° C] and of pH = 11 for 30 minutes. The phase obtained was characterized by UV spectrophotometer by measuring the optical density at a wavelength of 507 nm and by the volumetric titration method.

Third Molar is the most posterior tooth of the three molars in human dentition. Wisdom teeth eruption is variable and it occurs generally in later teens and early twenties. If not enough space is available then the wisdom teeth gets impacted against the other teeth and this impaction does not cause movement of other teeth, but causes dental caries if oral hygiene is not maintained. The impaction prediction is scientifically not proven yet and hence the dentists cannot predict that, one should extract or not extract the third molars. The main aim of this research was to review the literature related to the relationship between the third molar and the orthodontic treatment.The third molar extraction is not directly involved in the orthodontic treatment but it can influence the treatment planning. A online base web search was made using various databases like Medline, Pubmed Central, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and Cochrane electronic databases.The systematic review of literature is carried out in English language. The research was done in a time range of 6 months to study and review all the literature and prepare the manuscript. According to our reviewing of literature, we found that many investigators agree that the extraction of teeth during the orthodontic treatment has a positive effect on the eruption of the third molars. Majority of the authors also agreed that if any patient that had angulation of third molar had a good effect with the extraction therapy of orthodontics. It was reviewed that, if the extractions are indicated in future then the third molars are extracted before the adulthood, in order to avoid the inconvenience and the complications risk.

Biclonal gammopathies manifestations (BGMs) are defined as a clonal proliferation of plasma cells or B-lymphoid progenitors that produces 2 different monoclonal proteins known as M-proteins or paraproteins. The aim of our study is to report and analyses the epidemiological, biological and clinical features of the cases of biclonal gammopathies diagnosed at the Hassan II University Hospital Center (HUHC), Fez during a period of 10 years (2010-2020). Among the 782 cases of gammopathies diagnosed by immunofixation (IF), 28 were shows biclonal gammopathies (3.5%), the sex ratio M/F was 1 and the median age was 63 years. The most frequent isotype was IgG/IgM with a slight predominance of the Kappa light chain. The most common diagnosis was biclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (BGUS) in 12 patients (42%), followed by 10 cases of multiple myeloma (MM) (35%) and 6 cases of lymphoproliferative syndrome (21%). Although the clinical features are similar to monoclonal gammopathy, dentification of BGMs increases diagnostic precision in our region, in particular for multiple myeloma cases and lymphoproliferative syndrome compared to other studies.

A high number of patients in the hospital setting are dependent on Enteral Feeding Tubes (EFT) due to varying reasons like disease related disabilities or swallowing difficulties. Tube occlusion is a very common complication occurring in patient on EFT. The nurses are many times unaware for the proper techniques to be followed in case of tube occlusion events. This study aims at assessing the routine practices followed by nurses related to management of tube occlusions and the impact of training provided by clinical pharmacist on the same. A prospective interventional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital of Kerala state of India. Clinical pharmacist led training programmes and guideline development was performed during the intervention phase. The pre interventional and post interventional data were compared and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 13. In the post intervention phase proper use of warm water and use of alkalinized solution of pancreatic enzymes increased significantly (P<0.001). Changing of the tube reduced from 74.6% to 21.4% which was significant (p<0.001). The study shows that clinical pharmacist interventions through training, auditing and implementation of guidelines can significantly improve the tube occlusion management in patients on EFT and ensure quality and safety of therapy.

Background: The prevalence of hypothyroidism in the reproductive age group is found up to 4%. In many studies it had been claimed that, thyroid status is directly involved in women reproductive system. Although it differs in several places, communities, geographic areas and age-groups but it deserves more attention from the reproductive health physicians and even from world communities. Hypothyroidism can be easily detected by assessing serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to dig out the prevalence of hypothyroidism in infertile women and to assess their responses in treatment procedures. Methods and Materials: This was a descriptive observational study conducted in Cumilla Medical College and Hospital, Cumilla, Bangladesh, during the period from January 2019 to December 2019. In total 128 women attended the infertility Unit of the mentioned hospital for fertility treatment were finalized as the study population of this study. The regular investigations CBC, blood sugar of 2 hours GTT, TSH and Prolactin was done. Hypothyroidism was diagnosed when increased TSH and normal FT4. Levothyroxin were given hypothyroid patients depending upon TSH levels. Results: Total 128 participants 56.25% (n=72) were with primary infertility and the rest 43.75 %(n=56) were with secondary infertility. In total 23% (n=29) participants were hypothyroid whereas the rest 77% (n=99) participants were euthyroid and/or hyperthyroid. Among the hypothyroid (n=29) participants, 20 were subclinical hypothyroid which was 69% among hypothyroid participants and 15.63% among the total participants. In total 9 were frank hypothyroid which was 31% among hypothyroid participants and 7.03% among the total participants. We found, the mean (±SD) S. TSH, S. FT4 and S. Prolactin were 7.23±2.45 mIU/L, 16.95±3.32 pmol/l and 51.83 ±10.70 ng/ml respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study we can conclude that, careful diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism can ensure benefit a lot rather than going for unnecessary hormone assays and costly invasive procedures. The findings of this study may be helpful in the treatment arena of infertility of women and in further similar study.

The force in engine is studied and find that the relationship of it and temperature with two methods of cooling and heating temperature. The force will decline when the temperature inclines in one cycle of engine cylinder movement. On the other hand force will incline when the temperature inclines with cooling temperature. When cylinder length inclines the force will decline.

Perceptible improvement in the quality of air and water during COVID-19 lockdown has taught humanity several lessons and brought realization which might otherwise have been missed or taken several experiments to come to it. This study is aimed at understanding whether our approach towards holistic environmental protection needs rethinking by appropriate positioning of man as a species in the context of the biosphere and commensurate responsibility he has towards it. The technique used for the study is doctrinal research which shall take into account available primary resources, such as report as well as secondary resources, such as articles and books. The study focuses on the ancient wisdom available in the Hindu philosophies and literature in order to understand the relation between man, other living organisms, plants as well as the abiotic components of the earth. The study has shown that humans, by being at the top of the evolutionary ladder, has seeming dominance over the environ, and accordingly has formulated norms which are anthropocentric. However, new approaches to environmental protection and conservation are required to be adopted which recognize the interconnectedness, interrelatedness and interdependency of the biotic and abiotic components of this earth.

“Magic Rock” Zeolites are microporous crystalline aluminosilicates resulting from the reaction of volcanic rocks, ash layers and an alkaline groundwater. Zeolites are incorporated the group contain natural silica similarly diatomaceous earth. Zeolites situate apart among the many families of porous materials. They have a number of significant practical properties such as a high adsorption capacity and the ability to cation exchange because of their structure. The present reviews focus on the application of natural zeolites as they were naturally available and abundant, low cost and stable.

Illegal fishing practices, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUU fishing) have a negative impact on the economy, ecology, state sovereignty and social problems for Indonesia. According to FAO data, the economic loss suffered by Indonesia due to IUU fishing is around Rp. 30 trillion per year. This study aims to find forms of fishery resource protection that have been carried out by the central and local governments, and to find forms of law enforcement to eradicate IUU fishing that have been carried out by law enforcement officials. This research is a socio-juridical research, using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, the data used are primary data and secondary data, all data collected were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the concept of protecting fishery resources from the ideal IUU fishing practice in Indonesia is to empower coastal communities by considering ecological, socio-economic and socio-cultural aspects, while community welfare is carried out by reducing imbalances in the management of fishing fleets, availability of fishing port infrastructure, chain fishery food management, research development and utilization, fishing community participation, and central and regional arrangements.

Obesity is a global epidemic .it has been linked to many chronic disease such as cancer, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction. A body mass index (BMI) is calculated using the person’s weight in pounds and height in inches using the BMI formula. Classification for overweight is a BMI range from 25-29.9 and greater 30 is considered obese. According to the BMI system, currently a worldwide estimation of 937 millions overweight adults and 396 million obese adults. Aims: The present study aim to reduce the weight used in ginger water with honey. The research design for study as the quasi experimental which is used to a study to assess the effectiveness of ginger water with honey on weight loss among obese women at community area (mappedu village). Result and discussion: The study shows that weight loss as shows statistically non significant at demographic variables and shows that age ,types of family, education socioeconomic status, religion, occupation the pretest mean score of weight loss score was 75.71 with standard deviation 2.06 and the post test means score of weight loss was 70.03 with standard deviation 2.32. This clearly infers that ginger water with honey administered to obese women resulted in a significant reduction in the level of weight loss among obese women.