Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) means any bleeding that is not normal in amount, duration, frequency, and cyclicity. It is a common disorder occurring in reproductive age group females. It can be understood as bleeding that occurs from the uterus outside the normal parameters and there are no structural defects in the genital tract. One of the most common associations with AUB is thyroid dysfunctions. Hence, this study aimed to see the incidence of thyroid-related disorders in AUB and also to assess the menstrual pattern. Methods: A total 145 women suffering from AUB who presented to OPD of the gynecology department of Enam Medical College & Hospital (EMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh were recruited in the study. All females in 19 to 45 years of age group with abnormal uterine bleeding were included excluding those with a previously known thyroid disorder, abortion history within 3 months, etc. Thyroid function tests were done in all along with ultrasonography of the pelvis region. Data were analyzed using SPSS software v.23.0. and Microsoft office 2007. Results: The bleeding abnormality that was found in most of the women was heavy menstrual bleeding. Out of the 145 patients taken into study 21(14.48%) had thyroid disorders, out of which subclinical hypothyroidism was most prevalent accounting for 16(11.03%) cases, 5(3.45%) cases were found to have hypothyroidism and 2(1.38%) case of hyperthyroidism was detected. Conclusions: Abnormal uterine bleeding has a strong association with thyroid disorders. The most common type of disorder is subclinical hypothyroidism. Thus, all patient of AUB must be evaluated for thyroid dysfunction.

Triple-A syndrome, also known as Allgrove syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. The classical features of this syndrome are achalasia, adrenal insufficiency, and alacrima. Recently, dental impairment has been the subject of several case reports and reviews. However, this abnormality remains under-diagnosed. We represent the case of a 23-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with Allgrove syndrome at the age of 3. He suffered from many oral manifestations of this syndrome and especially premature loss of permanent teeth.

Introduction: Vaginal discharge is one of the most common problems faced by women in reproductive ages. Most of the time it caused by bacteria, fungi or parasites and many times these infections are sexually transmitted. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to observe the responses of improvement symptoms and to reduce the risk of complication. Methods: This randomized study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD in Shaheed M. Monsur Ali Medical College and Hospital. Two hundred and nineteen patients were selected with the complaints of vaginal discharge with or without urinary symptoms, pruritus vulvae and lower abdominal pain. Couple were given one day combination kit therapy, containing (Fluconazole 150 mg, Azithromycin 1 gm, Secnidazole 2 gm). They were called after two weeks to know about their outcome of treatment or persisting symptoms. Result: In the study population, 55% women had excellent response for vaginal discharge, 46.8% women had excellent response for urinary symptoms and 62.3% women had excellent response for pruritus vulvae. Most common adverse effects of kit therapy were anorexia 44.54%, metallic taste 32.77% and nausea 38.66%. Conclusion: This strategy has had a considerable impact in decreasing the burden of STD in society with high cure rate for vaginal discharge.

Introduction: Despite being exempt, many Diabetic Muslims observe fasting during the month of Ramadan. We carried out this work to study the impact of this practice on body composition in this group of patients. Material and methods: We studied 176 Moroccan Muslim with type 2 diabetes. The study data were collected through a questionnaire, clinical examination and bioelectrical impedancemetry. The study variables were: weight, height, body mass index (BMI), body fat and visceral fat. Results: All patients who fasted the entire month of Ramadan and who met the study monitoring deadlines have been included. The average age was 57 years +/- 11 years; 79% were women. Despite a similar BMI, there was a reduction in weight (before: 76.85kg +/- 12.8 against 76.21kg +/- 12.8; p = 0.019), body fat (before: 28.43kg +/- 9.3 against 26.72kg +/- 8.3; p = 0.015) and visceral fat (before: 10.41 +/- 3.36 against 9.95kg +/- 3.2; p = 0.007). Conclusion: Ramadan fasting can be practiced in all safety with prior patient education and adjustment therapeutic. It also confers an improvement in the body composition, especially in women.

Mesalazine is a widely used and generally safe drug for the treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. Neutropenia/ Agranulocytosis rarely complicates this treatment and very few cases have been reported in the literature. Agranulocytosis is characterized by a decrease in peripheral neutrophil count to less 500 /mm3. Most reported cases presented more than three months after the initiation of treatment, and whilst many patients recovered, fatalities were reported. Cessation of mesalazine alone may not be adequate therapy and aggressive management with bone marrow evaluation, high dose of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, or immunosuppressive therapy may be indicated. We report here the case of a patient with ulcerative colitis who developed an asymptomatic agranulocytosis during treatment with mesalazine and having spontaneously regressed after stopping treatment.

Ethnomedicine is currently practiced in Egypt, where has been documented by ethnobotanical surveys. The main objective of the current study is to evaluate phytochemistry and antibacterial potential of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of P. juliflora cultivated in Matruh region with a view to considering their contribution to human health. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals screening of pods and leaves was carried out. Five pathogenic bacteria were selected as recipients including four Gram-negative and one Gram-positive bacteria. Chocolate and blood agar solid media were applied for agar diffusion method. Extracellular proteins before and after treatment were measured and total protein assay was performed. Cytological effect of the ethanolic extracts was investigated via TEM. Phytochemical screening provides the occurrence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, flavonoids, phenolics, steroids, tannins and terpenes in pods and leaves ethanolic and aqueous extract. In agar diffusion experiment, data showed that pod ethanolic extract (5%) was more active than the other three types of extracts. The extract elicited a decrease in the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in culture medium in comparison to the control. Both pods and leaves ethanolic extracts showed a decrease in the extracellular protein content of the tested S. aureus compared with control. TEM showed that pod ethanolic extract affected the growth of S. aureus cells. It caused severe damage in the cytoplasmic membrane and also the cell wall. The present study concluded that the pods and leaves extracts of P. juliflora possesses antibacterial potential against target bacterial type cultures.

In Nigeria today, the justice system is characterised by the bench trial only. Several other jurisdictions practice the jury trial or trial by jury; which seems to be a better system of justice especially in criminal trials. The jury system was once practiced in Lagos but was abolished after a couple of months by the military government. Trial by jury system has often been condemned by many as trial by a body of laymen who could easily be compromised. Corruption in the judiciary is something Nigeria is still battling with and it is perceived by many that introducing the jury system would only up the level of corruption in justice and it would finally be a case of the highest bidder getting "justice". However true this notion may be, several other countries practice the jury system without issues of corruption. What are these countries doing? What systems have they adopted to have a near perfect jury system? These and other questions are what Nigeria should be deliberating on in considering the possibility of adopting a jury system. A study of a few select jurisdictions is discussed in the paper and it is hoped that the recommendations at the end of this paper would be useful in having Nigeria adopt and practice a jury system without hitch.

This study aims to describe instructional leadership, interpersonal communication, discipline and teacher performance and analyze the relationship (1) transformational leadership with teacher performance; (2) interpersonal communication with teacher performance; (3) transformational leadership with teacher discipline; (4) interpersonal communication with teacher discipline; (5) discipline with teacher performance; (6) transformational leadership with teacher performance through teacher discipline; (7) interpersonal communication with teacher performance through teacher discipline. Using this type of quantitative research with a research sample of 117 school principals and kindergarten teachers in the Landasan Ulin Subdistrict who were selected randomly. The results showed: (1) transformational leadership, interpersonal communication, work discipline is in the high classification and teacher performance is in the medium classification; there is a relationship: (2) transformational leadership with teacher performance of 0.106; (3) interpersonal communication with teacher performance is 0.181; (4) transformational leadership with teacher discipline of 0.262; (5) interpersonal communication with teacher discipline is 0.233; (6) discipline with teacher performance of 0.536; (7) transformational leadership with teacher performance through teacher discipline of 0.143; (8) interpersonal communication with teacher performance through teacher discipline is 0.131.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of online learning models on interest in learning economics in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic among students of the Postgraduate Islamic Economics Study Program at the State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Tulungagung, Indonesia. The quantitative approach was chosen based on the questionnaire data collection method and research data in the form of quantified qualitative data. Indicators to explain the learning model are easy to communicate, work digitally, independent, effective and efficient. While the indicators of interest in learning economics are feelings of pleasure in learning economics, concentration of attention and thoughts on learning economics, willingness to learn economics, willingness to be active in learning economics and efforts to realize the desire to study economics.

The development and growth of any emerging economy rests on the shoulders of the youth of that nation. The countries in various parts of the world are experiencing alarming rate of drop-outs of students from the education system. It is of paramount importance that the reasons are identified and addressed. This is of greater importance to the various economies in the Middle East and GCC who aim to diversify by creating a knowledge economy. This paper attempts to identify the macro and the micro perspectives behind student drop-outs from the tertiary education and endeavors to suggest some intervention strategies to address this phenomenon. The methodology involved collection and analysis of the secondary data available followed by a qualitative research at a private educational institution in Oman. The findings were analyzed using Gilbert’s Behavioral Engineering Model. The results indicate that personal, academic and financial reasons contribute to the majority of student dropouts. These can be effectively detected, measured and addressed by putting in place proper institution-wide systems and partnerships and by offering contextually relevant academic and student support services.

Effective education and training will produce qualified personnel so that they are able to implement, change, and grow in the institution/organization in the workplace. problems faced by the Civil Service Police Unit of Balangan Regency, namely the Problem of Human Resources at the Civil Service Police Unit and Costs. There are still members who have not followed the technical and education guidance and education. This study aims to develop a strategy to increase the capacity of members of the Balangan Satpol PP through improving the quality of its human resources. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The source of the data obtained for this research is internal data obtained from the Head of Satpol PP, all Heads of Division and representatives of members of the Civil Service Police Unit of Balangan Regency. This research is located in Balangan Regency with the object of research is the Civil Service Police Unit of Balangan Regency. The data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using the SWOT technique. The results of the analysis show that unit members do not understand their duties and functions. This is evidenced by the absence of a work plan or program of activities prepared by the member team. Technical guidance and basic education are only given to members with ASN status. The existing budget does not accommodate all members; basically the process of technical guidance and basic education is very important. Based on the analysis of internal and external factors, the selection of strategies and the SWOT matrix, it is found that there are opportunities that can work well by utilizing existing strengths. The strategy obtained is that with a large number of members who are still in their productive age, this can be done with the development of technology and information; and good communication between members can be improved by communicating to the Regency Government so that they can get support (can be in the form of a budget) that can be realized.

Background: Genital Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of infertility in Bangladesh which is a high tuberculosis burden country. As the patients are mostly asymptomatic and diagnostic tests have low sensitivity and specificity, diagnosis of genital tuberculosis is very much challenging. The aim of this study is to evaluate the patients of genital tuberculosis diagnosed at laparoscopy. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 12 patients who underwent laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. Cases were analyzed according to history, relevant pre surgery investigation findings, laparoscopic and hysteroscopic findings, histopathology, MTB PCR and Acid-Fast Bacillus (AFB) tests reports. Results: Mean age 25 years, range (22 -33), ten (83.3%) with primary subfertility and two (16.6%) with secondary subfertility. Two had secondary amenorrhea, two women presented with scanty menstrual flow and seven women with regular cycle with average flow and duration. Two (16.6%) had previously completed treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, 4(33.3%) had history of exposure to tuberculosis patient. Hysterosalpingography showed eleven (91.6%) cases with bilateral tubal block, one (8.3%) with only left tubal block. At laparoscopy all women had tubal involvement, ovarian involvement in 6(50%), frozen pelvis or dense pelvic adhesion in one. At hysteroscopy 11 (91.6%) cases had intrauterine adhesion. Histopathology of endometrial tissue revealed tubercular granuloma in two (16.6%) cases; MTB PCR was detected in 6(50%) cases and acid-fast bacillus was negative in all cases. Conclusions: Laparoscopic and hysteroscopic findings are more suggestive than history, microscopic, histopathological and molecular examination of endometrial tissue in diagnosing genital tuberculosis in infertile women.

Banjarmasin city government utilized the advances in internet technology through Instagram social media in order to establish external relationships with the society, the efforts of Banjarmasin city government to make Instagram social media official account in the protocol and communication of Banjarmasin city government as a medium for the information disclosure. In terms of managing feedbacks from the society to the Instagram social media uploads, City Government is considered less professional therefore causing a not so good impression for the society. Moreover, the uploads on the Banjarmasin City Government social media seems less neat and orderly for a class of official city government agency accounts. The research used is descriptive research with qualitative approach. The results showed that the Cyber Public Relations management in the public information disclosure in the Instagram social media account in the protocol and communication division of Banjarmasin City Government has been considered effective with the public assessment of the government official Instagram the dominant gives a good rating, structurally the Banjarmasin City Government Instagram already has sub division that is accounted to maintain the information. In the management of the Banjarmasin City Government Instagram social media account, in terms of appearance design is considered less attractive and the features in the Instagram also have not been fully utilized to give more actual information so the society can access Instagram to get information only depend on the main post. Recommend to the the Banjarmasin City Government Instagram has competent human resource in terms of the visual design and visual audio in order to produce the information publication which is interesting to see.

Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) learning for teachers is very important. The implementation of HOTS-based learning is believed to be able to improve the quality and competence of graduates in facing the era of free competition in the industrial revolution 4.0, along with the development of science and technology that continues to develop and affects change and we must adapt to changes in mental attitudes, knowledge, and skills. Development of Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) learning, including: this higher thinking activity is not only applied in learning but needs to be evaluated with the same approach in order to be able to measure the level of student learning success in a valid way. The challenge in developing HOTS learning is the creativity and tenacity of teachers in planning, implementing and evaluating the development of competencies in packaging learning, namely attitudes, knowledge, and skills. The development of HOTS-based learning prioritizes students' critical thinking skills in solving learning problems. This skill will create a good mental attitude of students in solving the problems they face.

The environment can cause havoc if the exploitation of natural resources that is only economically oriented has a positive effect on the economy, but has a negative effect on the survival of human life. The occurrence of floods is basically a result of deforestation, so the forest no longer functions fully as a rainwater absorber. Many forest lands are landslides and the landslides because river flows to become shallow. The flow of river water is not smooth due to the river being used as a garbage dump, and the construction of several industrial areas in urban areas. The importance of the involvement of the Community Protection Units (Satlinmas) in disaster management can be illustrated in the land fire disaster. This study aims to develop a community empowerment strategy as an effort to increase the role of the Community Protection Unit (SATLINMAS) in tackling disasters in Balangan Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach. This research is located in Balangan Regency with the object of research are related agencies, village government and members of the Community Protection Unit (Satlinmas) spread across Balangan Regency. Data were collected through interview, observation and document techniques. The main resource persons are the head of the agency in charge of fostering the Community Protection Unit (Satlinmas) and members of the Satlimas themselves. This study uses a SWOT analysis technique. Community empowerment strategies in an effort to increase the role of the Community Protection Unit in disaster management in Balangan Regency can be done by building synergy between stakeholders, budget support and legality of regulations made to create harmonization in the empowerment of Satlinmas according to their respective duties and functions.