Background: Management of mid-trimester missed abortion in women with a scarred uterus poses unique challenges. Both pharmacological and mechanical methods are used. Misoprostol is widely used for second-trimester termination, while Foley’s catheter aids cervical ripening through prostaglandin and oxytocin release. The combination of mifepristone and misoprostol has been shown to reduce the induction-to-abortion interval compared to Foley’s catheter alone. This study aimed to compare the maternal safety, effectiveness, and side-effect profile of these two methods in women with mid-trimester missed abortion and a scarred uterus. Methods: This comparative observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh, including 80 women with missed abortion and prior cesarean section. Participants were divided into two groups: Group A (n = 40) received combined mifepristone and misoprostol, and Group B (n = 40) received Foley’s catheter alone. Results: The mean age was comparable between groups (27.0 ± 4.1 vs. 27.2 ± 4.0 years). Mean gestational age was significantly lower in Group A (16.2 ± 2.6 weeks) than Group B (23.1 ± 2.0 weeks). Success rates were high in both groups (97.5% vs. 95.0%, p=0.558). The mean induction–expulsion interval was significantly shorter in Group A (10.1 ± 2.1 hours) compared to Group B (18.5 ± 2.9 hours, p<0.0001). Surgical interventions were rarely required, with manual vacuum aspiration being the only method used. Side effects differed between groups: Group A experienced nausea/vomiting (50.0%) and fever (19.4%), while Group B reported psychological upset (8.3%) and mild pain (19.4%). Conclusion: Mifepristone with misoprostol was more effective in reducing induction–expulsion time compared to Foley’s catheter, with different but tolerable side effect profiles in both groups.

Descriptive morphology and taxonomy That is because zoology is rapidly evolving to be a multi-modal science that operates on the organismic to molecular scale (i.e., it extends beyond the level of the ecosystem). To address that global crisis in biodiversity, scientists have combined genomics and environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis with morphometrics and imagery, behavior studies through biologging, trail cameras, and vocal monitoring, and landscape studies using remote-sensing tools. These varied approaches are now joined together by artificial intelligence and open data platforms and are opening new avenues to real-time biodiversity discovery and predictive conservation. However, questions also remain: the knowledge gap in taxonomy, bias in occurrence data, incomplete validation of models using either eDNA or acoustics data, and the lack of standards addressing blending multi-modal data. Moral imperatives such as animal welfare in tracking, fairness in international partnerships and data sovereignty are still burning. This paper presents an outline of Integrative Zoology and presents case studies of how it is transforming our basic understanding of the cryptic species, how it tracks movement and decline, and how it can inform conservation analysis. By integrating the traditional study of zoology with the newest of technologies, the discipline can transform into a science of awareness of biodiversity, infrastructure that is ready to directly assist the conservation policy and resilience of the planet.

Poor waste management techniques including the indiscriminate use of poorly constructed landfills as solid waste receptors can lead to the pollution of groundwater in communities. This study examined the physicochemical qualities of groundwater proximate to a major solid waste landfill in Owerri, Imo State during rainy and dry seasons. The determination of the quality of the groundwater samples was carried out in accordance with the standards of the American Public Health Association (APHA). The results obtained from the analysis of the groundwater samples was compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) standards for drinking water. The values obtained from the analysis of the groundwater samples in both season shows that some of the tested parameters existed in values higher than both WHO and NSDWQ standards for drinking water quality. The results also showed that the concentrations of chromium, copper, iron, and nickel were above the WHO and NSDWQ standards. The Chemical Oxygen Demand, Turbidity and the Total Soluble Solids exceeded the WHO and NSDWQ standards for drinking water quality in both studied seasons. Findings from this study suggest that dumpsite solid waste could impact negatively on some physicochemical qualities of groundwater sited around their vicinity. Therefore, the location of solid waste dumpsites around residential areas should be discouraged.

Thin-film ferroelectrics and ferromagnets face performance limits. High leakage, low endurance, and weak scalability restrict real use. This study explores multifunctional nanoparticle integration into thin-film structures. Nanoparticles enhance charge storage, stability, and coupling. Ferroelectric response is boosted with improved polarization retention. Ferromagnetic layers show strong anisotropy and thermal durability. The hybrid films deliver high energy density with low loss. Enhanced dielectric constant and suppressed fatigue confirm stability. Coupled ferroelectric–ferromagnetic interaction allows efficient multistate operation. This dual behavior supports high-performance capacitors and logic devices. Nanoparticle doping creates uniform grain size and controlled interfaces. Such design reduces defects, leakage, and switching noise. Tailored interfaces enable flexible and miniaturized nanoelectronic circuits. The approach also ensures high scalability for large-area integration. Results show efficiency suitable for next-generation energy storage. The multifunctional films also support spintronic and memory devices. Unique novelty lies in engineered nanoparticle synergy inside thin films. This synergy brings multifunctional energy and electronic benefits. The work introduces a new platform for advanced materials. It bridges energy storage and nanoelectronics through a single system. The strategy moves beyond conventional doping or layering. It provides adaptive and high-efficiency solutions for modern technologies. Future scope lies in quantum devices, neuromorphic hardware, and IoT. Overall, the research sets a pathway for multifunctional, scalable, and energy-smart nanoelectronic materials.

Microfluidics is the science and technology of manipulating minute fluid volumes within micro-sized channels. It is an interdisciplinary technology that integrates physics, chemistry, biology, materials science, and microengineering, offering transformative potential for biomedical research. Recent innovations in the field of microfluidics such as organ-on-chip devices, droplet-based assays, 3D bioprinting, integration with artificial intelligence and CRISPR technologies have accelerated the development of physiologically close models and personalized medicine approaches. This review comprehensively examines the emerging field of microfluidics, including its design principles, fabrication techniques, and commonly materials used materials. Moreover, also highlights the key applications in stem cell culture, organ-mimicking systems, cancer and infectious disease research, drug discovery, and genome editing. Furthermore, it also compares with traditional methods, outlines the current challenges, along with future directions that emphasize smart, adaptive platforms for real-time monitoring and automated control.

This study evaluated the phytoremediation potential of Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) in petroleum-contaminated soils collected from Ogale, Eleme Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. The investigation focused on the reduction of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil and the accumulation of these hydrocarbons in plant tissues after a three-month remediation period. Experimental setups included control and contaminated soil samples, with TPH and PAH concentrations monitored before and after remediation using gas chromatography. The results revealed a significant reduction in hydrocarbon concentrations in moderately contaminated soils. In Sample B, TPH and PAH removal efficiencies reached 33.19% and 78.07%, respectively, while Sample C, which was more heavily polluted, showed lower efficiencies of 3.85% for TPHs and 58.65% for PAHs. Accumulation analysis confirmed the uptake of hydrocarbons by P. purpureum, with a total of 13,004.60 ppm of TPHs and 33.98 ppm of PAHs detected in plant tissues. The uptake-to-removal ratios further supported the plant’s role in phytoextraction, particularly for high-molecular-weight hydrocarbons. These findings underscore the effectiveness of P. purpureum as a low-cost and environmentally sustainable solution for remediating petroleum-contaminated soils, especially in moderately polluted environments. The study reinforces the relevance of plant-soil-microbe interactions and site-specific conditions in enhancing phytoremediation efficiency.

The exorbitant cost of silicon photovoltaics has led to a growing interest in alternate semiconductor materials for light gathering. Single-walled carbon nanotubes possess unique electrical and optical characteristics, making them a viable material for photovoltaic applications. Exploring ways to utilize these capabilities in photovoltaic devices is crucial. Carbon nanotubes have undergone extensive research in organic photovoltaics and photoelectrochemical cells. However, they may also be combined with a well-known semiconductor, such as Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS). Nanotube-silicon heterojunction solar cells have shown up to 33 % power conversion efficiency, potentially due to the photoactivity of carbon nanotubes.

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of existing literature to assess the relationship between obesity and CKD. Methods: A detailed computerized search of relevant databases was conducted to identify studies that met the inclusion criteria. The search encompassed PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to find pertinent research. Results: Our analysis included seven studies with a total of 21,191 obese patients and males comprised less than half of the participants, totaling 6675 (31.5%). The prevalence of CKD among obese individuals ranged from 7% to 48.9%. The results of this systematic review indicate a clear association between obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Across multiple studies, obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, was found to significantly increase the risk of developing and progressing CKD, with higher body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) correlating with greater renal dysfunction. Key mechanisms involved include renal fat deposition, increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline, and metabolic disturbances. Conclusion: This systematic review provides strong evidence that obesity is a significant risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease. The reviewed studies highlight the complex interplay between obesity, metabolic dysfunction, and renal impairment, underscoring the need for early identification and management of obesity in patients at risk for CKD.

This study examines how multidisciplinary collaboration among emergency, clinical, and administrative professionals influences patient outcomes and overall hospital performance. Focusing on real-world interactions in acute care settings, it analyzes communication patterns, decision-making processes, and coordinated workflows that bridge clinical and non-clinical roles. By mapping how emergency physicians, nurses, allied health staff, and administrators share information and align priorities during care transitions, the research identifies which collaborative behaviors are most strongly associated with reduced length of stay, lower readmission rates, and improved patient safety metrics. The study also considers contextual factors—such as staffing levels, electronic health record (EHR) integration, and leadership support—that enable or hinder effective teamwork. Using a mixed-methods design, the study combines quantitative performance indicators with qualitative data from interviews, focus groups, and direct observations to generate a comprehensive picture of interprofessional practice. Statistical analyses correlate specific collaborative interventions (for example, structured handoff protocols or interdisciplinary rounds) with measurable improvements in efficiency and clinical outcomes, while thematic analysis reveals perceived barriers like role ambiguity, time pressure, and cultural silos. The findings aim to inform practical recommendations for training, workflow redesign, and policy changes that strengthen multidisciplinary collaboration and, in turn, enhance hospital resilience, patient experience, and operational sustainability.

The co-occurrence of mental illness and chronic medical conditions represents a formidable and escalating public health challenge. Patients with these comorbidities experience a synergistic burden of illness, leading to poorer clinical outcomes, reduced quality of life, and significantly increased mortality compared to those with either condition alone. Traditional healthcare systems, historically fragmented into separate silos for physical and mental health, are fundamentally ill-equipped to manage this complex patient population, resulting in care that is inefficient, costly, and often iatrogenic. This comprehensive review synthesizes the current evidence on integrated care models as the superior standard of care for this population. We first examine the profound epidemiological scale and bidirectional pathophysiology of comorbidity, exploring the shared biological mechanisms, including systemic inflammation and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation, that link mind and body. We then delineate the severe clinical and economic consequences of fragmented care, including the staggering mortality gap and the pervasive problem of polypharmacy. Subsequently, we outline the foundational components of effective integrated care, such as patient-centered planning, measurement-based care, and comprehensive medication management. A critical analysis of evidence-based models including the Collaborative Care Model (CoCM), the Primary Care Behavioral Health (PCBH) model, and Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is presented, highlighting their distinct applications across a continuum of patient acuity. Finally, we address key implementation challenges and future directions, emphasizing the critical roles of technology, policy reform, and the transition to value-based payment models. The evidence overwhelmingly indicates that a systemic shift toward integrated, whole-person care is not merely an option but a clinical and fiscal imperative.

In December 2019, an outbreak of a new type of acute respiratory disease (pneumonia) was reported in central China, and the number of people infected with it increased rapidly. Doctors named this disease COVID–19 and identified its origin as a virus called SARS–COV–2. So far, no effective drug has been produced that can be used to treat this disease with certainty, but some drugs have been identified and introduced that have shown a significant effect on the recovery of patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate and analyze the drugs that have been used to treat Covid–19 patients so that the drugs that have the greatest effect on the recovery of patients can be identified and introduced. The drugs lopinavir and ritonavir, in combination with complementary drugs such as interferon alpha, have been effective in reducing the load capacity of the Betacoronaviruses family. The drugs hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine have been effective in limiting the replication of COVID–19 in laboratory conditions. The antiviral drug amantadine reduces the replication capacity of the virus. Remdesivir can prevent lung damage caused by coronavirus infection in humans. In the case of favipiravir, studies have shown a recovery rate of 91.43%, indicating a very high effectiveness of this drug. Favipiravir and remdesivir have shown significant effectiveness. The drugs lopinavir and ritonavir, used in combination with interferon alpha, as well as hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, have shown low effectiveness.

Following one of our research lines, we present here the first English translation of Social Parasitism in the Life of Nations, a work written by Arno Schickedanz representing an example of ideological purity. In the discussion section we make use of the herd analogy to describe social organization of some groups. Examples are provided and fully discussed. This approach is perfectly acceptable because Homo sapiens belong to the order Primates and certainly exhibit herd behavior under certain circumstances. This model is employed to show how a country can be colonized and manipulated.

Introduction: Cardiomyopathy refers to a group of heart conditions characterized by abnormal structure of the myocardium. Dilated cardiomyopathy is the most common cause of heart failure in Sudan. It has different implications for the quality of life and the psychological status of patients. This study aims to assess the Psychological Impact and Quality of Life in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in the outpatient department of Alshaab teaching hospital. A sample of 107 patients diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Using self-administered questionnaires including socio-demographic data, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the WHOQOL-BREF. The study assessed the quality of life and psychological symptoms of participants using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA to explore associations between clinical and sociodemographic factors and QoL outcomes. Results: The study showed that 23 (21.5%) patients had anxiety, and 19 (17.8%) patients had depression. Regarding the four domains related to quality of life, the physical health domain had the lowest mean score (56.15), indicating significant physical limitations, while the social domain scored highest (68.55), reflecting strong social support. Most participants were middle-aged, predominantly male, married, and residing in urban areas, with the majority reporting sufficient income. Higher NYHA class and lower LVEF were significantly associated with poorer physical and psychological quality of life, emphasizing the impact of heart failure severity. Employment and sufficient income were linked to better physical, psychological, and environmental scores. Mental health issues were prevalent, with 21.5% experiencing anxiety and 17.8% depression; these conditions significantly correlated with lower psychological and social QoL scores. Conclusion: Dilated cardiomyopathy affects patients’ psychological status and their quality of life. In this study, sociodemographic and clinical factors considerably influenced the participants' quality of life, underscoring the need for comprehensive management approaches addressing both medical and psychosocial aspects.

Infertility is a distressing condition that can significantly affect women’s quality of life, leading to emotional, psychological, and social challenges. Women struggling with infertility often experience elevated stress levels, anxiety, and depression, which can negatively influence their overall well-being and interpersonal relationships. The impact extends beyond mental health, as diminished quality of life may also affect physical health, marital satisfaction, and social functioning. This narrative review aims to examine the psychological stress and quality of life among infertile women, while highlighting the consequences of infertility and the supportive role of nursing in enhancing care and well-being.

Diabetes mellitus remains a global public health problem associated with many complications. Acacia nilotica has been used in local management of diabetes and demonstrated anti-diabetic activities in animal model. Drosophila melanogaster (fruit-fly) has been used as a model for investigating pharmacological activities of natural products because of its genetic resemblance to human genes. This study aims at evaluating the anti-diabetic activities of aqueous leaves extract of Acacia nilotica in HSD-induced diabetic Drosophila melanogaster model. The results showed that flies treated with 0.250 g/mL and 0.500 g/mL of the extract demostrated significant (p < 0.05) increase in locomotor performance compared with diabetic control. The aqueous leaves extract of Acacia nilotica demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) decrease in glucose, glycogen, trehalose and triglycerides levels in the treated flies compared with diabetic control. In comparison with diabetic control, the extract exhibited significant (p < 0.05) decrease in MDA level and increase in SOD, CAT and GSH levels in treated flies. The aqueous leaves extract of Acacia nilotica demonstrates significant anti-diabetic activity in Drosophila melanogaster model validating its anti-diabetic effect in animal model and its use in the local management of diabetes.