Introduction: Myocardial infarction is one of the most serious pathological condition in which the heart is irritated, inflamed and influenced by multiple factors to cause high mortality and morbidity in the developed and underdeveloped countries. Objectives: To see correlation between Electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and adverse outcome following acute myocardial infarction in hypertensive patient. Materials and Methods: A Cross sectional analytical study was carried out at the Department of cardiology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh Bangladesh from March - 2014 to February- 2015. Patients admitted into cardiology department with Acute Myocardial Infarction with hypertension who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Due to time and cost limitation, 65 cases were selected. Results: A total number of sixty five patients were studied of which 56(86.15%) were male and nine (13.84%) were female. The age range was 40 to 70 years. Mean age of male was 52.9±8.4 and female was 56.5±7.5. The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of presence of absence of electrocardiograph left ventricular hypertrophy. All patients had myocardial infarction with evidence of hypertension at admission or known case of hypertension. Group A consisted of 38 patients (58.45%) with ECG-LVH and group B with no ECG_LVH consisted of 27 patients (41.55%). The mean age of group A was 54.25 ±8.9 and group B was 52.55 ± 8.15. Majority patients (34) belonged to 40-50 years age group (52.30%). Twenty one patients belonged to 51-60 years group (32.30%). Ten patients belonged to 61-70 years age group (15.4%), male: female ratio was 6.2: 1. Out of total 68 patients, 43 patients (64.42%) had hypertension on admission and 24 cases (35.38%) had normal blood pressure on admission. Of the 38 patients of group A, 24 had anterior myocardial infarction (63.15%) and 14 had inferior myocardial infarction (36.84%) and 7 had both anterior and inferior myocardial infarction (10.76%). The statistical analysis was highly significant in between group A & group B. The incidence of QMI was highly significant (P= <0.01) between Group A & Group B. QMI was for more common in group A, the incidence was higher in presence of ECG –LVH. In group A hospital stay (days) was 6.74±1.53 days, and 14% had mortality. On the other hand, in group B, it was found that hospital stay (days) was 5.28±1.06 days, and 2% had mortality. 30 patients (81.89%) developed arrhythmia and 8 cases (21.05%) did not developed arrhythmia in group A. In Group B 16(51.85%) developed arrhythmia and 13 cases (48.14%) didn’t develop arrhythmia. Statistically, relation between Group A & Group B was significant (p <0.05). Statistical relationship between group A & group B was significant and this signifies the higher possibilities of occurrence of mortality in ECG-LVH due to hypertension with acute myocardial infarction than without ECG. Conclusion: The study concluded that ECG-LVH changes following acute myocardial infarction in patients with hypertension had more adverse in-hospital outcomes.

Limb-body wall complex (LBWC) is a rare, congenital defect defined by lateral body-wall defects, limb reduction abnormalities and/or craniofacial defects. The developmental pathogenesis as well as the etiology of LBW complex is controversial and has no sex or familial predilection. The poor prognosis of LBWC necessitates an early antenatal diagnosis. Serum alpha-fetoprotein measurement and ultrasonographic examination is the key to prenatal diagnosis. Prenatally, the abnormal fetoplacental attachment can be detected ultrasonographically by the end of the first gestational trimester. Postnatal, the examination of placenta, umbilical cord and membranes is crucial in confirming the diagnosis of LBWC. The present case is associated with amniotic adhesive bands, thoraco-abdominoschisis, minor encephalocele, and belongs to the category of LBWC with craniofacial defects.

Retroplacental hematoma constitutes a major medical-obstetrical emergency, of unpredictable occurrence, putting at risk the vital and functional fetomaternal prognosis. Our work is a retrospective study of 60 cases of retroplacental hematoma that occurred at the Souissi Maternity Hospital in Rabat. These cases were identified from a total of 16864 deliveries, which represents a frequency of 0.35%. The main reason for admission was metrorrhagia. Among the etiological factors found, arterial hypertension dominated with a frequency of 40%. The average age of the patients was 28.31 years and 50% were primiparous. In 60% of the pregnancies, RPH occurred between 32 and 36 weeks of age. The diagnosis was made before birth in 65% of the cases, while in 36.66% of the cases the diagnosis was made only after the delivery examination. The classic form was found in 15% of cases. Therapeutic management was based on reanimation measures and uterine evacuation, taking into account the obstetrical and evolutionary circumstances of the retroplacental hematoma. Finally, the fetal prognosis was dominated by perinatal mortality, whereas the maternal prognosis was quite good overall, with no deaths. The improvement of the fetomaternal prognosis requires a better prenatal follow-up, an early diagnosis, and a rapid evacuation of the uterus without delay.

The liberalisation of the Islamic banking industry in Malaysia has given rise to the emergence of many foreign Islamic banks in the country, raising a major concern regarding its impact. This study investigates the impact of bank-specific and macroeconomic factors on bank profitability from 2005 to 2017. Unbalanced panel data of eleven domestic and six foreign Islamic banks have been employed to achieve the study's objective. The findings show that different factors influence the profitability of domestic Islamic banks and foreign Islamic banks. While internal factors significantly affect the profitability of domestic Islamic banks, the profitability of the foreign Islamic banks is more stable and less affected by internal and external factors. The findings provide insights to domestic Islamic banks to improve their operations, profitability, and competitiveness. These banks' better operational efficiency and performance will consequently improve the overall Islamic banking industry.

COVID-19 has lately emerged as one of the most difficult pandemics of the twentieth century, with lethal consequences and a high rate of replication. It emphasizes the critical importance of developing effective vaccines to prevent virus infection, early and rapid diagnosis using high sensitivity and selectivity diagnostic kits, and effective antiviral and protective therapeutics to reduce and eliminate viral load and tissue damage-related side effects. As a result, non-toxic antiviral nanoparticles (NPs) are being developed for therapeutic use in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Nanoparticles have shown considerable promise in the development of nano vaccines to combat viral diseases. In this paper, we look at the potential of nanoparticles as a medicine or as a platform for drug and vaccine repurposing and development. Meanwhile, sophisticated virus detection methodologies based on NPs will be detailed, with the goal of inspiring scientists to develop cost-effective Nano platforms for prevention, diagnosis, and therapy.

Introduction: Stroke is a major cerebrovascular disease is one of the most common Neurological diseases. It is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Cerebrovascular disease threatening human health and life with high morbidity, disability and mortality. Major risk factors of ischaemic strokes are hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) is an inflammatory marker which appears to be a strong predictor of risk factor and prognostic marker of Ischaemic stroke. Objective: To find the acute course of HsCRP and its association with short term prognosis following Ischaemic stroke. Methods: A Cross sectional observational study at Dept. of Neurology, Enam Medical College Hospital, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh From March 2020 to April 2021. Total number of subjects in this study were 101 with power 80% (persons aged 30 years & above; both male and female). Both sexes and their plasma high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP) level was measured within 48 hours of admission and on the 5th day after admission. Results: The study showed that the level of HsCRP did not change significantly when measured within 48 hours of onset of Ischaemic stroke and on 5th day after stroke (p=0.335) - the prognosis and severity remained same when followed for 5 days. It, also, showed that the level of CRP ≥ 3 within 48 hours of admission is associated with increased severity and mortality of stroke (Z=14.4; p<0.0001). Conclusion: HsCRP level provides rapid and reliable information regarding severity & prognosis in patients with Ischaemic stroke. The level of HsCRP does not change significantly when measured within 48 hours of onset of Ischaemic stroke and on 5th day after stroke. Also, the level of CRP on 5th day was same as within 48 hours of stroke - the prognosis and severity remained same. If confirmed by larger, longitudinal studies this association may be used as a tool to assess the severity and prognosis in a patient with Ischaemic strokes.

The paper examined the herder and farmer conflict on social economic development of Nigeria. The study presented the structural theory and the Frustration-Anger-Aggression Hypothesis to provide possible explanations for the crisis. The causes of farmers/herders clashes in recent times were identified to be a function of several factors not only limited to climate change resulting in drought and desertification soil degradation; growing population size, global terrorism, crime (rural banditry and cattle rustling) amongst others. Previous and present government responses to this crisis have been most disappointing with no clear cut and sustainable policy both by the federal and state government. This crisis has resulted in displacement of people from their communities, women and girls vulnerability to sexual and economic predation, huge economic burden on the government leading to loss of revenues, dwindling food supply and rising cost, increasing division among the Federating states and threat to National Security amongst others. The study recommends that the crisis should be addressed quickly to avert impeding food crisis, government should strengthen the mechanism for conflict resolutions, and above all herdsmen should know that the imperatives of a modern economy require that pastoralism should be laid to rest, while embracing improved modern methods of animal husbandry with improved high yields and disease resistant species (cattle). When this is done a win-win situation would be achieved for all stakeholders.

This study evaluated failure rates of roads maintained by FERMA in Delta state and its effects. The three roads investigated are: Benin-Asaba dual carriage way (266km), Warri-Sapele-Benin dual carriage way and Asaba -Allah-Ebu Edo state border road(47km). Road condition survey was carried out on the three roads to ascertain the extent of deterioration. Sieve analysis, liquid limit, compaction and CBR tests were conducted on the material used for the maintenance works for quality control purpose. Liquid limit, optimum moisture content, unsoaked CBR values were 21%, 8.5% and 117% respectively. These were observed to be within the FMW highway manual guidelines. It was observed that beyond 12months, Benin-Asaba and Warri-Benin roads experienced 2% and 5% failure rates while Asaba-Illah recorded 30% failure rate within a 12month period. These failures were attributed to heavy traffic with heavy duty wheel. Challenges of road maintenance in the field and remedial measures for highway maintenance is also discussed. The authors recommend that FERMA should seek redress and go back to the establishing blue print for operations and funding and also refers to Federal Roads Authority bill (2015) for backups. These tools have been provided to equip the agency to carry out her mandate effectively keeping the road infrastructures in good condition.

The study investigated the performance of Costus lateriflorus bagasse ash and cement composite for stabilization of Laterite and clay soils from Ubeta-Ula-Ubie road in Ahoada West LGA of Rivers state, Nigeria. The soil samples were prepared and tested for variations in maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC), consistency limits, California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS), maximum dry density (MDD), liquid limit (LL) and plasticity index (PI) of the stabilized laterite and clay soils decreased with increasing percentage of the bagasse ash composite, while optimum moisture content (OMC), plastic limit (PL) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) were increased with the proportion of bagasse ash. This study establishes that an appropriate proportion of bagasse ash content in soil stabilization would enhance the properties of soil suitable for pavement and road construction. Comparatively, bagasse ash performed better in Laterite soil than clay soil at optimum proportion of 0.75% and 7.5% cement composition.

Acne vulgaris is a common dermal ailment which is reported globally. Currently, a cross sectional survey (manual and online) in selective districts of Punjab region was conducted and it was concluded that disturbance in sebum production and frequent blockage of skin pores occur due to different potent factors which include improper dietary habits, side effects of medication, genetic complications, environmental conditions and lack of awareness of personal hygiene. Thus the future research efforts should be channelized to ensure provision of low coat and side effects free local pharmacognosal products for acne treatment along with its programmed general public awareness.

Hemangiomas are one of the most common benign soft tissue tumors. Vascular tumors of the female genitalia are unusual and pedunculated vulvar hemangiomas are extremely rare .Usually they are asymptomatic and quite small in size. Here we report a rare case of pedunculated vulvar hemangioma in a 46 year old patient who presented in the gynecology department with a painless mass in vulva for duration of 2 years.

Food allergies are serious health issues around the globe but people often neglect them. In current survey, large and small both cities were randomly selected to determine prevalence of food allergies and obtained results showed that major sufferers are teenager. Whereas gender based comparison showed that females are at more verge of exposure than males and in addition to this, female patients also don’t take proper medication for recovery. The possible routes of allergens are intake of unhygienic water and improperly cooked food. Commonly reported symptoms are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and skin itching. So it is need of time to address these issues and finding of their remedies along with programed general public awareness to reduce prevalence of food allergies.

Infertility is a growing issue that is encountered today with couples today around the globe. Different microbial floras are active in promoting infertility causing infections. Usually bacteria affects only males, only females or both males and females. Their modes of actions are different in affecting the human ability to reproduce offspring. Disturbance in natural microbial flora may result in serious urogenital tract impairment. These infections may be acquired after sexual contact or due to unhygienic practice. Sometimes people often face infertility due to sudden exposure of exogenous microbial pathogens either of gram-positive or gram-negative origin. The infectious sites include different organs of genital tract irrespective of gender. Cases of infertility due to microbial exposure are mostly reported from Africa, Middle East, South Asia, Central Asia and Central Eastern Europe. Though different strategic measures are taken to deal with these infertility complications still more low cost remedies and programed general public awareness is required.

Background to the study: The use of insecticides have been encouraged in most Nigerian homes in the eradication of insects that could harm humans despite the side effects of exposure to these insecticides. The study aim was to examine the toxic effect of inhaled dichlorvos (DDVP) on the histological architecture of the testes of wistar rats on short-term exposure. Methods: Twenty (20) albino male wistar rats weighing 140g – 180g were recruited for this research and were randomly placed into four (4) groups of five (5) rats per group. Group 1 was control group, while groups 2 – 4 were given 10ml DDVP/90 ml distilled water – v/v, 20ml DDVP/80 ml distilled water – v/v and 40ml DDVP/60 ml distilled water – v/v, respectively. At completion of exposure, rats were anaesthetized with chloroform, sacrificed and their testes were harvested for routine histopathology procedure. The stained sections were morphologically evaluated and the pictures of the slides compared. Photomicrographs were obtained with the aid of Am-scope camera fitted on an Açu-scope microscope. Results: Results obtained from the control group showed that the testes presented with a normal histological make-up depicted by the presence of normal seminiferous tubules, no signs of germ cell distortions. However, experimental groups showed graded levels of degenerative changes in germinal layers of the seminiferous tubules as well as notable vacuolations. Conclusion: It can be concluded that prolonged exposure to dichlorvos inhalation could be toxic to the reproductive system of male wistar rats.

The purpose of this research is to analyze and examine: 1) the regulation of diversion requirements in the current juvenile criminal justice system is not based on the value of justice; 2) weaknesses in the regulation of diversion requirements in the juvenile criminal justice system which is currently not based on the value of justice; 3) reconstruction of diversion requirements regulations in the juvenile criminal justice system based on the value of justice. This research is a qualitative research, with a sociological juridical approach, descriptive analysis, using primary data and secondary data, using the Grand Theory: Lawrence M. Friedman's Legal System Theory and Pancasila Justice Theory; Middle Theory: Law Enforcement Theory Soerjono Soekanto; and Applied Theory: Progressive Legal Theory Satjipto Rahardjo. The research findings are: (1) The regulation of diversion requirements in the juvenile criminal justice system is not currently based on the value of justice because the regulation of diversion requirements in children's cases is contrary to the values of Pancasila justice, and in the perspective of legal norms, the diversion requirement with restrictions is punishable by imprisonment under 7 (seven) years is discriminatory compared to the case of adults who can mediate or peacefully are limited by criminal threats, (2) The weakness of the regulation on diversion requirements is not based on the value of justice, because the regulation on diversion requirements is regulated in Article 7 of Law Number 11 of the Year 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System is discriminatory between child cases and adult cases. (3) Reconstruction of the regulation on diversion requirements in Article 7 of Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System based on the value of justice, especially paragraph (2) whose initial phrase reads Diversion as referred to in paragraph (1) is carried out in the case of a crime committed: threatened with imprisonment under 7 (seven) years; and is not a repetition of a crime. Reconstructed into Diversion as referred to in paragraph (1) is carried out in the event that the crime committed is not a repetition of a crime.