Phenibut is an anxiolytic and nootropic drug, discovered in the Soviet Union used to treat several psychiatric disorders. Currently it is available online as supplement. The case report highlights the abuse potential of phenibut, with the associated clinical presentation of intoxication, withdrawal, and relapse, as well as the use of baclofen as a potential treatment of phenibut withdrawal.

This study investigated the effects of hydromethanol leaf extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius on some male reproductive functions in Cadmium chloride (Cdcl2) toxicity-induced male Wistar rats. Twenty four adult male Wistar rats were used for this study. The animals were divided into four groups (6 rats each) as follows: Group 1 (negative control), Group 2 (positive control) which received 5mg/kg CdCl2, Groups 3 and 4 received 200 and 400 mg/kg BW of extract and 5mg/kg CdCl2 respectively. Duration of extract administration was 30 days, while males were co-habited with females in the last 10 days of the study to determine fertility index. Subsequently, the rats were sacrificed following light chloroform anaesthesia, while samples were collected for analysis. Phytochemical screening of the leaf extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phlobatannins, saponins, triterpenoids and cardenolide; and the analysis of data was by SPSS version 23. The analysed result indicated that the extract caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in FSH and testosterone levels. The percentages of viable sperm cells, sperm cells with normal morphology and actively motile sperm cells as well as sperm count were significantly increased. In addition, the fertility index in the rats that received higher dose (400mg/kg) of the extract was significantly increased. Conclusively, extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius mitigated against Cdcl2 induced toxicity in some reproductive parameters of male Wistar rats.

The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of ethanolic stem bark extract of Persea americana on lipid profile and oxidative stress markers of male Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups of five rats each. They were treated with ethanolic extract of Persea americana (except the control group) for a period of 21days. Group1 received distilled water. Group2 received 200mg/kg of the extract and Group3 received 400mg/kg of the extract. The administration was done for 21days. At the end, the rats were sacrificed and blood sample was collected and sent to the laboratory for analysis. The data obtained was statistically analysed using SPSS software version 21. The result showed that, there was no significant difference in serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein when test groups were compared to control. There was a significant decrease in serum very low density lipoprotein level in Group3 (400mg/kg) when compared to Group1 (Control). There was no significant alteration in glutathione reductase, catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities. There was a significant difference in malondialdehyde level (a decrease). In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of Persea americana stem bark exhibited slight hypolipidemic effect because of the significant reduction in Very Low Density Lipoprotein. Also, the extract showed a significant decrease in Malondialdehyde at low dose, which shows that Persea americana may have an anti-oxidative property.

There are many dermatoses that can affect the genital area. These may be isolated genital conditions or signs of a general cutaneous disorder. Genital dermatoses can be classified as physiologic variants, and inflammatory, neoplastic, or infectious in etiology. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease, which has a prevalence of about 3% with genital involvement, reported in 29% a 40% of patients. Although the diagnosis of genital psoriasis can be aided by the presence of classic psoriatic plaques on the body, the penis may be the only affected region. In uncertain cases, a skin biopsy can lead to diagnosis. Initial management should consist of mild topical corticosteroids with increasing potency titrated to effect or topical calcineurin inhibitors. Systemic therapy with disease modifying small molecules or biologic drugs may be considered when disease is particularly bothersome, widespread, or unresponsive to conservative approache. This article provides a broad overview for dermatologists in addressing the Psoriasis wich is placed on. Recommendations for diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and appropriate follow-up are discussed.

Introduction: Several plants have been proven useful as antioxidant agents as a result of the abundance of bioactive substances embedded in the plant. Eugenia uniflora is a medicinal plant popular in the tropics where it is applied in traditional medicine practice for treatment of some illnesses but most of its acclaimed therapeutic effects have not been scientifically proven. Aim: The present study is aimed at assessing the testicular antioxidative and some biochemical effects of Eugenia uniflora in male Wistar rats. Methodology: A total of 30 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each. Group I which served as the negative control received distilled water while group II (positive control) received 5 mg/kg Lead. Group III received 200 mg/kg BW of the extract and 5 mg/kg Lead, while Group IV received 400 mg/kg BW of the extract and 5 mg/kg Lead and the animals in Group V received 800 mg/kg BW of the extract and 5 mg/kg Lead. Administration was by oral gavage. At the end, the testes were harvested for analysis of testicular parameters. Result: The result showed a decrease in the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) while Glutathione reductase (GSH) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activities increased in some groups of animals treated with the extract and lead. The testicular total cholesterol level was significantly (P<0.05) decreased while the testicular protein level was not significantly affected in animals treated with the extract and lead when compared to the lead only group.

Case summary: A 19-year-old Saudi male morbidly obese patient (BMI 48 kg/m2). The patients underwent sleeve gastrectomy 5 months ago and cholecystitis 1 month ago. The patient presented to our emergency department (ER) with all limb numbness in the last 3 weeks, difficulty walking, blurred vision, headache, and nausea for the last week. The patient was diagnosed with Wernicke encephalopathy based on his symptoms, physical signs, and classical MRI brain findings. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery can complicate Wernicke encephalopathy, associated with thiamine deficiency. Prophylactic thiamine supplements can prevent the subsequent bariatric WE condition.

Background and objective: we conducted this study to find out the important relationship between time-management skills and physician career satisfaction and explore the importance of utilizing strategies that promote efficient time management. Methods: In this cross-section study, used a self-designed and validated questionnaire. The current study was conducted during a series of workshops, in CMH Lahore Medical College & IOD from August-October 2021. Participants were, no prerequisite knowledge, skills, or resources were required for the workshop. Results: A total of 157 participants were enrolled for a workshop and 155 participants fill the questionnaire completely so the response rate was 98.72%. Questionnaire, Cronbach’s Alpha value was 0.78 male participants were 60 (38%) and females 96 (61.4%). The age average was 25-39 years. Most participants are demonstrators/lecturers/registrars. About 77 (49%) of the physician’s sleep duration was normal hours and 78 (51%) complain to insomnia. Only 67 (43.9%) physicians give family time properly but 88 (56.4%) spend less than 4 hours with their families. Doctors spend less time on their smart devices 16 (10.3%) spend more than 2 hours/day. Very few physicians do their favorite hobby or any physical activity daily. Conclusion: Physicians are not good time managers, its means their patients are kept waiting, they get stressed, their work becomes less enjoyable, stress can build, they lose their sense of humor and they lose valuable time for family, exercise, and sleep, insignificantly different across gender, age, experience and entering qualification.

The aim of the study was to find out the effect of six weeks pilates training on core muscles and BMI of obese children. Ten (10) male children aged 12 to 18 years from Bolpur, Birbhum, West Bengal, India have been selected and purposively divided into Pilates Training Group (PTG) (N=05) and Control Group (CG) (N=05) according to WHO BMI Index (Rush, 2004). Six weeks pilates training programme has been formulated to see the effectiveness of training programme on core muscles strength and BMI. The core muscles strength has been tested by ‘Bunkie Test’ through the performance of functional lines before the training starts and after completion of six weeks pilates training programme and BMI has been calculated by height and weight. Significant improvement in core muscles strength as well as on BMI has been found by analysing and comparing the pre-test and post-test score through descriptive analysis and ANCOVA among the obese children of PTG and CG. So it can be concluded that six weeks of pilates training programme is effective in the improvement of core muscles strength as well as in reduction of fatness and BMI among obese children.

Vascular complications during an ulnar procedure are very rare. However, they must be identified quickly. We repport a case of a 68-year-old hypertensive patient who was admitted to the emergency department for unstable angina, where she underwent coronary angioplasty via the left ulnar route. she was referred to us for management of a pseudoaneurysm on the inside of the wrist facing the ulnar artery one month later.

Introduction: The CTS is one of the clinical syndromes, it was experienced by the patients from numbness, tingling, burning and or pain associated with localized compression of the median nerve at the wrist. Median nerve with the carpel tunnel (CTS) is localized and it was compressed in median nerve, resulting in mechanical compression and local ischemia has been associated with age and sex matched control. Objective: To assess The Relationship between Nerve Conduction Study and Clinical Grading of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Bangladesh Population. Methods: A prospective study was conducted at Department of Neurology, Uttara Adhunik Medical College Hospital (UAMCH), Uttara, and Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to December 2021. A total 100 case were prospectively observed for the period of six months 50 patients’ with symptoms consistent with CTS and 50 age and sex matched healthy control subjects were examined. Based on clinical assessment, the study patients were divided into 03 groups with mild CTS, moderate CTS and severe CTS respectively as per Mackinnsons classification. The relationship between the clinical severity grade and various nerve conduction study parameters were correlated. The study was correlated with age and gender matched control intervention and we extrapolate the any significant correlation between the clinical grades and various attributes of study traits. All the traits were carefully assessed by using logistic regression analysis and Fisher F- test statistics. Results: Out of 50 patients with symptoms consistent with CTS and 50 age and sex matched healthy control subjects were examined. The Left hand was involved in 11patients; right hand in 19 patients & 20 patients had involvement of both hands. Numbness and tingling of hand and first three fingers was the most common presenting symptom. Phalens test was positive 30 (60.0%) of our patients. 7(14.0%) pts had hypothyroidism, 10(20%) patients showed raised DM and 4(8.0%) patients showed lipid profile abnormalities. Both male and female sex ratio was 1:3. All cases were considered for the study. The distal motor latency was significantly correlated with different age group of the population and CMAP and conduction velocity not shows any significant relation with clinical severity of CTS. Since, the median sensory latency and nerve conduction velocity seen in study population and well apprehension with clinical different grading of CTS. Conclusion: Summing of the results concludes that, the sensory conduction appears to be more sensitive (95%) AUC 0.89 and significantly correlated when compared to motor conduction attributes, the correlation besides with clinical severity of CTS apart from gender and age matched cases.

Background: Documentation of the nursing method is crucial, however regularly ignored as a part of medical documentation. Paper-primarily based structures have been added to help the nursing documentation process. Objectives: The study aims to assess the effect of training program on knowledge and practice of nurses regarding nursing documentation. Methods: Quasi-experimental study was carried out in Omdurman military hospital extended from February 2019 to August 2019. A questionnaire and evaluation checklist was used to collect data from (203) nurses. They were selected by non-probability sampling technique (purposive sampling). The data were analyzed by computer software program (SPPS) version 20. Results: The study showed that more than half (60.6%) of nurses were female, (65%) had bachelor's degrees, (42.9%)had 1-2 years of experience and more than a third (34.0%) worked in general word. The nurse’s knowledge regarding the type of record system, pretest (51.7%) had unsatisfied knowledge. There was an increase in knowledge of nurses regarding documentation post-implementation of the program. Posttest (75.9%) with a highly significant relationship between nurses training courses and knowledge about the concept of quality in nursing (0.002) Study showed that the nurse's knowledge about nursing record forms was improved post educational program (48.3%) were satisfied knowledge compared with the pretest (69.05) were poor knowledge. Common nursing report errors were the change of shift and incidence report (73.4 %, 87.2%) in pretest which decrease to (50.2%, 44.3%) in the posttest, respectively. while the common nursing record error pretest Illegible record (69.3%), change in Patient condition (66.5%), Round book (73.9), Medication record error (60.1%). Conclusion & Recommendation: The teaching program had a positive effect on the quality of nursing care. The study recommended updating nurses’ knowledge and skills about documentation guidelines through continuous professional development.

Based on data from BNK Semarang in 2015, the number of drug addicts in the city of Semarang was 1.9%, while there were 40 rehabilitation centers for drug addicts in the city of Semarang, both hospitals, social institutions, and Islamic boarding schools. The partner of Semarang City is the At-Tawhid Islamic Boarding School which is a place to rehabilitate drug addicts. The aims of this study are (1) to find out the therapeutic models of drug addicts in Islamic boarding schools (2) to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of social therapy in Islamic boarding schools, (3) to determine the length of time for drug addict’s student recovery in Islamic boarding schools. The research approach used in this research is a qualitative approach. The tools and data collection of this research are observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the social therapy carried out by the Rehabilitation Islamic Boarding School was effective in rehabilitating drug addicts. The application of social therapy using a medical approach, classification of student room placements for drug addicts, religious education, personality development, effective social community by rehabilitating drug addicts recovering from the influence of drugs. Suggestions in this study are drug addict students should be able to control the desire to use drugs by increasing their dhikr activities.

The term, moral values, could be succinctly defined as principles or precepts that provide an individual with a standard of right or wrong behaviour or action. The acquisition/inculcation of moral values takes place through two main processes: first, through their observation and internalization as part of societal culture; and second, through the various modes of modern education. Nigeria has experienced a steadily soaring phenomenon of moral decadence over several decades. This is believed by many experts of moral education to have been the result of sudden abandonment of trado-cultural processes and adoption of foreign lifestyles and attitudes brought into the country by colonial masters and missionaries, The experts also believe that properly planned education programmes, especially at the primary and secondary levels, would help to improve the overall tone of morality in the country. Unfortunately, this approach would leave out large populations of non-beneficiaries of and dropouts from the said and other levels of formal education, including the tertiary level. The purpose of this paper is to show that Adult Education, which takes care of those disadvantaged at various levels of formal education, has the components, structure, processes and methodology to foster advancement of moral values inculcation in Nigeria. To achieve this purpose, the author graphically and extensively discusses how to effectively adapt the potentials of Adult Education to achieve ultimate furtherance of moral values inculcation in Nigeria, under the various modes of modern education – formal, non-formal and informal modes.

Corruption is a form of fraud/fraud, which is a dishonest act that is carried out intentionally by using power for self-interest against state financial transactions that result in loss of state money. Various efforts have been made by the Indonesian government to combat and eradicate all forms of corruption in Indonesia but so far have not yielded significant results. This article aims to determine the main factors that influence an act of corruption. There are many factors that influence acts of corruption, but the discussion in this article is limited to the main factors that are seen by the authors as the dominant factors influencing acts of corruption, including power, governance, and compensation. This article reviews the factors that influence acts of corruption (y) as the dependent variable, and the independent variables which include: power (x1), governance (x2) and compensation (x3) as independent variables. The purpose of writing this article is to build a hypothesis of the influence between variables to be used in further research. The results of the literature review articles that we have done show that there is an influence of the power variable (x1) on the corruption variable (y), the influence of the governance variable (x2) on the variable corruption act (y), and the influence of the compensation variable (x3). on the variable of corruption (y).

Nation-building is a developmental process of constructing or re-structuring a national identity using the state power which aimed at the unification of the people within the state so that it remains politically stable and viable in the long run. Nigeria and many other African countries have consistently and persistently pursued the ideal nation building and development plan designed to integrate the citizenry both at home and in diaspora as a means of fostering unity and all round development. Nigeria as a nation, continues to develop integral policies and framework for short, medium and long term development plans of nation-building with conscious efforts to ensure peace, prosperity and security of lives and property. Against this backdrop, this review paper examined the role(s) of political elites, the academia and the collective struggle in the overall project of building the nation called Nigeria. This paper focuses on the need to ensure peace in Nigeria through conscious nation building programmes of successive administrations in Nigeria. Information were sourced from books and journal articles, and was content analyzed in relation to the scope of the paper. The paper concludes that without peace and effective leadership provision, no nation-building is achievable. The paper concluded by admonishing the government at the centre to development policies and implement programmes that would cater for all ethnic groups and her citizenry.