Postural management is a highly important issue in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy (CP), but its use has not been thoroughly examined in the Middle East. The objective of this research was to determine how proper wheelchair choice could help in improving quality of life (QoL) of children with spastic cerebral palsy in Saudi Arabia. The sample used consisted of 35 children that were in a stable medical condition and had a Gross Motor Functional Measurement (GMFM) score of 3-5. The children whose parents did not consent were also excluded as well as those children who could not respond to the questionnaires of the study. The participants were all evaluated at three points namely baseline, after two weeks, and four weeks following a postural management program based on a wheelchair recommended by WHO. The findings showed that five, out of seven, domains of QoL showed statistically significant positive changes with a p-value of less than 0.001. These results will emphasize the great advantages of proper wheelchair choice in enhancing the QoL of children with cerebral palsy. Besides, the present research highlights the need to strengthen the understanding of postural management, paediatric rehabilitation, and how physiotherapy and occupational therapy may possibly optimize the treatment of children with CP.

Introduction: Rehabilitation of the edentulous mandible with severe atrophy remains a major clinical challenge in implant dentistry. Conventional regenerative procedures, while effective, involve high morbidity, long treatment times, and increased costs. To overcome these limitations, the “Full on Shorts®” protocol was developed, based on the placement of short and extra-short implants in posterior mandibular positions, distributed vertically and parallel to minimize cantilevers and optimize biomechanical stability without the need for regenerative surgery or tilted implants. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients treated with the “Full on Shorts®” protocol and followed for a minimum of two years after implant loading. Four implants were placed in each edentulous mandible using a biological drilling protocol. All cases received immediate loading with provisional prostheses, followed by definitive prostheses after 3–4 months. Clinical and radiographic follow-up was conducted every six months, with marginal bone loss evaluated using standardized periapical radiographs. Primary outcomes were implant and prosthesis survival, insertion torque, and marginal bone changes. Results: A total of 36 implants were placed in 9 patients (mean age 64.9 ± 7.3 years). Mean alveolar crest height at implant sites was 6.57 ± 0.63 mm. The average insertion torque was 47.2 ± 13.2 Ncm, with higher values in type I bone (50.3 Ncm) compared to type III bone (37.5 Ncm). All implants were immediately loaded. After a mean follow-up of 39.1 ± 13.3 months (range 20–67), the survival rate of both implants and prostheses was 100%. Mean marginal bone loss was minimal, with 0.21 ± 0.49 mm mesially and 0.13 ± 0.48 mm distally. Only two minor prosthetic complications (screw loosening) were recorded. Conclusions: The “Full on Shorts®” protocol represents a reliable and minimally invasive approach for the rehabilitation of atrophic mandibles. The excellent implant and prosthesis survival, combined with negligible marginal bone loss and the feasibility of immediate loading, support this technique as a predictable alternative to conventional regenerative or tilted implant protocols.

Background: Understanding the perception of attractiveness in the chin position relative to the aesthetic level of the E-line is crucial for improving aesthetic outcomes in orthodontic. This study aimed to examine the extent to which changes in the chin position at sagittal plane relative to the E-line are observed in terms of attractiveness among laypeople, dentists and orthodontists. Material and methods: A digital portrait of adult woman was generated by artificial intelligence (AI) for the study. The image was digitally altered using Adobe Photoshop to create 3 images and presented to 60 orthodontists and 60 laypeople for evaluation of their perception of facial profile attractiveness on a visual value rating scale of (1 to 5). Results: The study results showed that a repeat measures ANOVA was conducted to examine the effect of chin position profile in relation to the E-line (based on three images) on facial attractiveness ratings, and whether this effect differed between orthodontists and laypeople. However, there was a significant interaction between image type and participant group (Wilks' Lambda Test). Conclusions: Orthodontists and Laypeople rated the retrusive chin as more attractive than the protrusive of the chin. Future research should further explore how demographic and cultural factors influence these aesthetic judgments.

A simple, Accurate, precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Abiraterone and Niraparib in syrup dosage form. Chromatogram was run through AgilentC18150 x 4.6 mm, 5m. Mobile phase containing 0.01N Potassium dihydrogen ortho phosphate: Methanol taken in the ratio 60:40was pumped through column at a flow rate of 1.0ml/min. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 260nm. A simple, Accurate, precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Abiraterone and Niraparib in tablet dosage form. Retention time of Abiraterone and Niraparib were found to be 2.185 min and 2.660 min. %RSD of the Abiraterone and Niraparib were and found to be 0.6 and 0.3 respectively. %Recovery was obtained as 99.09% and 99.60% for Abiraterone and Niraparib respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equations of Abiraterone and Niraparib were 0.26, 0.80and 0.03, 0.08 respectively. Regression equation of Niraparib is y = 90785x + 1183.6 and y = 42063x + 50388 of Abiraterone. Retention times were decreased and run time was decreased, so the method developed was simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in Industries.

Malignant infantile osteopetrosis is a rare hereditary bone disease characterized by defective bone resorption due to impaired osteoclast function or differentiation. This results in generalized osteosclerosis and leads to multiple complications including hematologic failure, neurological compression, skeletal deformities, dental anomalies, and facial dysmorphism. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical, biological, radiological, and genetic findings. The only curative treatment for severe forms is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which is most effective when performed early. New therapeutic strategies under investigation include gene therapy, immunomodulators, and targeted agents. Prognosis is influenced by the genetic subtype, age at diagnosis, and neurological involvement. Long-term multidisciplinary care is crucial to improve the quality of life of surviving patients.

Groundwater is main source of drinking water in Al-Abbasiya locality. The study aimed to evaluate Physiochemical properties of ground water comparing with Sudanese Standardization Metrology Organization (SSMO) and World Health Organization (WHO). This study was conducted in 2019. 20 samples of water were randomly collected from different areas, and carefully stored. the samples were analysed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (A.A.S), pH Meter, Conductivity meter (E.C), Turbidity meter. the analyses were carried out in Water Quality Lab Unesco Khartoum. the following parameters such as: pH, Electronic Conductivity (E.C), Turbidity, Total Hardness (T.H), Total Dissolved Salt (T.D.S), and total alkalinity (T.A), in addition to some cations, (Na+, Mg2+, K+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Fe2+) and anions such as: (F-, CI-, SO43-, NO32-, NO2-). The results showed that, pH ranging between (7.7-6.7), Electronic Conductivity (E.C), (3450-575 μs/cm), Turbidity (10.5 - 1.1) NTU, Total Hardness (T.H) (436-308 mg/L) and Total Dissolved Salt (T.D.S) (1170-286 mg/L), the values of alkalinity (TA) found (450 - 316 mg/L), Na+ (87-33 mg/L), K+ (2.0 -1.1 mg/L), Mg2+ (69.5-5.35 mg/L), Ca2+ (81.6- 25.8 mg/L), Mn2+ (0.9-0.02 mg/L), Fe2+ (0.08-0.03 mg/L), NH4+ (0.35- 0.10 mg/L), F- ( 2.10- 0.5 mg/L ), Cl- (23- 3.54 mg/L), NO3- (36.1- 0.03 mg/L), NO2- (11.8- 0.02 mg/L), SO42- (440- 011 mg/L), CO42- (364 - 170 mg/L), all samples revealed pH and total solubility values of salt within permissible limits according to drinking water quality guidelines of WHO and SSMO, except sample No. S10 (Al-gabal Al- ahamar), which contained slightly higher than the acceptable limit (1170 mg/L), and all showed higher electrical conductivity than the approved limit excluding samples No (S4 and S7) which were recorded values less than permitted standard (120 and 98) respectively. The hardness of the all samples were within allowed range and from analysed the values of dissolved bicarbonate, nitrate and salts were noted lower than their standard values, 0.3 mg/L. Concentration of Magnesium 25 mg/L and Calcium 45 mg/L in some samples are less than suggested range. As the result of these findings the water can be use without treatment with the exception of (S4 and S7) remained unfit for human usage due to increase in total dissolved salts.

Dyslipidaemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A lipid profile of an organism is a direct measure of three blood components namely; total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides and high density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C). Hypercholesterolemia is a lipoprotein metabolic disorder characterized by high serum low density lipoprotein and blood cholesterol and one of the most important risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and lipid abnormalities. There have been many claims that most, if not all brands of vegetable oil in Nigeria is cholesterol free. Hence the study was undertaken to see the effect of vegetable oils in Nigeria on the lipid profile of albino rats induced with dyslipidaemia using dexamethasone. The phytochemical analysis and lipid profiles of albino rats treated with two vegetable oils were undertaken. Five groups of five rats were used in the study as follows: Group 1: Normal control- no induction no treatment, Group 2: Induction of dyslipidemia using dexamethasone (1 mg/kg bw) for 5 days only, Group 3: Treatment of induced dyslipidemia using a standard statin (20 mg/kg bw), Group 4: Induction + 3 ml/kg bw vegetable oil after induction, Group 5: Treatment without dyslipidemia using vegetable oil (3 ml/kg bw). The treatment lasted for 14 days and thereafter, the rats were fasted overnight and blood samples were taken through ocular puncture. The results showed various phytochemicals such as terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins and alkaloids. The lipid profiles of the albino rats revealed that a non-significant (P>0.05) increase was observed in serum total cholesterol level of groups 3 and 5 when compared to group 2 while group 4 recorded a non-significant (P>0.05) decrease when compared to group 2. There was a non-significant (P>0.05) increase in serum triacylglycerol level of groups 3, 4, and 5 when compared to group 2. The result also showed a non-significant (P>0.05) decrease in serum HDL level in groups 3, 4, and 5 compared to group 2. Also, group 3 indicated a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum LDL level compared to group 2 while group 4 recorded a non-significant (P>0.05) decrease in serum LDL level compared to group 2. However, a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum LDL level was recorded in group 5 compared to group 2. The second vegetable oil revealed that group 3 indicated a non-significant (p>0.05) increase in total cholesterol level while groups 4 and 5 recorded a significant (p<0.05) decrease compared to group 2. Groups 3, 4 and 5 recorded a non-significant (p>0.05) increase in TAG compared to group 2. Group 3 recorded a significant (p<0.05) increase in LDL compared to group 2. Group 4 recorded a non-significant (p>0.05) decrease while group 5 recorded a significant (p<0.05) decrease in LDL compared to group 2. Groups 3, and 5 recorded a non-significant (p>0.05) decrease in HDL compared to group 2. Group 4 showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in HDL compared to group 2. However, among the oil treated groups, TAG was found to be within range compared to the control group. Thus, the results of this present study imply that the consumption of vegetable oil for a long time could influence the risk of cardiovascular disease since they elicited an elevation of LDL-cholesterol and lowered HDL-cholesterol. Caution should, therefore, be applied on the consumption of vegetable oils as continuous use may have impact on lipid profile thereby causing dyslipidaemia.

Quantum-inspired nanobiotechnology re-conceptualizes conventional bioassays by utilizing the waveparticle duality in quantum physics. Rather than considering photons, electrons or excitations strictly as wave or particle, the aim is to develop assays that exploit both aspects of their duality for ultra-sensitive, specific and informative bioassay designs. Wave-oriented assays utilize interference and coherence to amplify signals from a single molecule, particle-centric assays quantitatively count discrete events, such as an electron tunnelling through a nanopore, or photons emitted from a quantum dot; and correlation-centric assays exploit entanglement and quantum correlations to surpass classical noise thresholds. In total, these forms of bioassays provide powerful designs for In Vitro diagnostics, live-cell imaging and translational medicine. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of wave-centric, particle-centric, and correlation-centric bioassays, clarify their advantages and disadvantages, and point out the potential to merge and expand with artificial intelligence (AI), hybrid nanodevices that incorporate nanobiotechnologies, and nanotheranostics. We also cover health and safety, biocompatibility, ethical, and regulatory considerations that need to be considered in order to transition quantum-inspired bioassays from the lab to the clinic. Ultimately, we will suggest a roadmap for the next decade of this rapidly developing field.

Background: Genital prolapse is a common gynecological condition that significantly impacts the quality of life of women, particularly in low-resource settings. It is strongly linked to multiparity, traumatic or unattended home deliveries, and advancing age. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and postoperative complications of genital prolapse among women attending a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from June 2007 to December 2007. A total of 100 women diagnosed with genital prolapse were enrolled. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, obstetric history, clinical features, management, and postoperative outcomes, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The patients’ ages ranged from 25 to 80 years (mean 50.86 ± 11.52), with the highest proportion in the 51–60 years group (33%). Most women were from low socio-economic backgrounds (62%). Home delivery was predominant (89%), and the majority of deliveries were conducted by traditional birth attendants (81%). All patients reported the classical symptom of something coming down per vagina, with urinary complaints (62%) being the most common associated symptom. The vast majority underwent vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair (95%). Postoperative outcomes were favorable, with 96% experiencing no complications; minor complications included urinary tract infection (2%), per-vaginal bleeding (1%), and pyrexia (1%). Conclusion: Genital prolapse in Bangladesh is strongly associated with low socio-economic status and home deliveries by untrained attendants. Vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair remains the most effective treatment, with excellent postoperative outcomes.

Postural management is an essential part of treating cerebral palsy (CP), but research in this area, particularly in the Middle East, is limited. This study aimed to assess how selecting the right wheelchair can affect spasticity, quality of life, and motor function in children with CP. The study included 35 children, aged 4 to 12 years, all with moderate to severe motor impairments (GMFCS levels 3 to 5). After four weeks of postural management using properly selected wheelchairs, there was a significant reduction in spasticity, as seen in improvements across key joints like the shoulders, elbows, wrists, and hips (p < 0.001). There were also notable improvements in motor function, with GMFCS scores improving significantly (p < 0.001). Additionally, the children’s quality of life scores saw a marked increase, from 3083.9 ± 206.6 to 3538.6 ± 186.9 (p < 0.001). These findings stress the importance of choosing the correct wheelchair for children with CP, as it can make a significant difference in both physical function and overall well-being. The results also highlight how important postural management and occupational therapy are in improving the lives of children with CP.

The dominant discourse in organizational psychology is that work-family conflict is an un-defeated adverse with the effect of burnout, lesser job satisfaction, and low organizational commitment. This paper dispels that notion by revealing an intricate and counter-intuitive fact among university professors in Islamabad, Pakistan. We have used a solid quantitative, correlational study to survey 206 social science teachers in order to deconstruct the subtle relationships between the six specific dimensions of work-family interference (Time, Strain, Behavior-based both Work Interference with Family - WIF and Family Interference with Work -FIW), and the three different components of Organizational Commitment (Affective - AC, Continuance -CC, Normative - NC). We have found that there is a high overall positive correlation between Work-Life Balance (WLB) and Organizational Commitment (OC) (r =.325, p <.001). Nonetheless, the most impressive and theoretically important result was the always strong and positive correlation of Strain-based interference (both SWIF and SFIW) with the three OC components. The climax to this observation was that the strong relationship between Strain-based WIF (SWIF) and Normative Commitment (NC) (r =.357, p < .01) indicated that the fact that the faculty is stressed and tired because of their line of professional duties is a trigger to an internal moral obligation to stay in their institution. This "Paradox of Strain" suggests that in the environment of Pakistani public universities, where resources are limited and the faculty members usually work under a high level of pressure, strain can lead to the development of the sense of duty, a sense of perceived investment, and emotional attachment instead of its destruction. The paper not only adds a new theoretical insight to the existing WLB-OC research, but also offers important, practical insights that can guide university administrators in retaining and engaging their most valuable asset their faculty by changing the way they conceptualize and deal with strain at work.

Background: Cervical carcinoma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women in developing countries, where screening facilities are often limited. This study aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic profile, reproductive characteristics, clinical features, risk factors, and histopathological patterns in VIA-positive women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, from July 2007 to December 2007. This study included 100 VIA positive women attending the OPD of Obstetrics and Gynaecology during the study period. Results: Most participants were aged 30–39 years (49%), resided in urban areas (64%), and were predominantly housewives (77%). Nearly half (48%) had parity between 3–4, and three-fourths (75.3%) experienced their first delivery before 20 years. The mean age of menarche was 12–13 years. Excessive vaginal discharge (54%), dyspareunia (44%), and backache (30%) were the most frequent complaints, while 35% were asymptomatic. Major risk factors included early age at first coitus (78%), early childbirth (75.3%), and high parity (61%). Histopathological findings revealed normal results in 25% and inflammation in 23%, while 29% had CIN I, 12% CIN II, 6% CIN III, and 5% invasive carcinoma. Overall, 52% had pre-invasive or invasive lesions. Conclusion: The findings highlight early sexual debut, early childbirth, and high parity as key risk factors for cervical pathology in VIA-positive women. Strengthening cervical cancer screening and awareness programs is essential for early detection and prevention.

Promoting the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent has important strategic value. It is the only way to break through key core technologies and serve the country's high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and strength. It is an urgent need to seize new technological tracks and shape new competitive advantages. It is a key strategy to accelerate the integration of the four chains and empower the high-quality development of the economy in the new era. However, the fragmentation and insufficient development of the education, science and technology, and talent system affect the innovation vitality and efficiency. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, in order to promote the high-quality development of employment, it is necessary to aim at national self-reliance and strengthen the top-level design and overall coordination of the integrated reform of the education, science and technology, and talent system and mechanism. Aim at national strategic needs and give play to the important role of the new national system in promoting the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent. Face frontier fields and future industries and explore and practice new organizational forms of scientific and technological innovation. Pool global education, science and technology, and talent resources and build an open ecosystem for the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent.

This review offers a critical analysis of “Language Education in Saudi Arabia: Challenges and Opportunities in Language Pedagogy and Policy” ISBN: 978-3-031-91442-3, edited by Ali H. Al-Hoorie, Connie Mitchell, Tariq Elyas and published by Springer Nature Switzerland in July 2025. As part of the English Language Teaching: Theory, Research and Pedagogy series, the book investigates the major educational reforms underway in Saudi Arabia through the lens of Vision 2030, emphasizing English’s evolution from a marginal academic subject to an essential component of national progress and modernization. The twelve chapters present a comprehensive exploration of diverse topics, including classroom dynamics, teacher development, and systemic policy shifts, illustrating the complexity of language education transformation in the Kingdom. The review commends the book’s broad analytical scope, methodological rigor, and contribution to global scholarly discourse, while also identifying gaps in its coverage of longitudinal data, regional variation, and deeper critique of policy trends. Ultimately, this volume stands out as an important scholarly resource for research on applied linguistics, language policy, and English education in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf region.

Electronic health record systems transformed healthcare documentation by providing a system for storing and sharing extensive patient data. However, much of this information remains in the form of unstructured text, which limits its utility for computational analysis. Natural Language Processing (NLP) has emerged as a prominent approach to extract and structure information from free-text clinical narratives, offering the potential to unlock valuable insights for clinical care, research, and administration. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in NLP methods applied to EHRs, discusses open problems including data quality, privacy, and generalizability, and highlights potential future directions for the integration of NLP into clinical workflows. The conclusions point to the need for continued development of domain-specific language models, privacy-preserving techniques, and explainable AI methods to fully harness the power of NLP for healthcare transformation.