Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains are associated with causing a wide range of infections such as urinary tract infections and bacteraemia. Over the past two decades, the levels of antimicrobial resistance of ExPEC strains have increasingly been reported worldwide, and this is attributed to the global emergence and dissemination of a single ExPEC lineage, known as E. coli ST131. This review explored the current knowledge of E. coli ST131 in Saudi Arabia, focusing on its antimicrobial resistance, virulence capacity and metabolic potential. Many local reports have shown that the antimicrobial resistance levels of E. coli ST131 were higher than non-ST131, particularly to front-line agents used for the empirical treatment of infections caused by ExPEC. Furthermore, E. coli ST131 strains have been associated with high virulence capacity, which could drive the current success of this clone locally. The metabolic activity of ST131 was also found to be slightly higher than non-ST131 strains that obtained from blood population. Taken together, the future studies should focus on elucidating the factors that drive the success of ST131.

Glomus tumor is a rare hamartoma, most often seen in young females, typically in the subungual region. Extradigital sites like the middle ear are uncommon and often misdiagnosed due to nonspecific presentation. Glomus tumor is a rare (7%) benign neoplasm arising from the glomus body, a neuromyoarterial structure involved in thermoregulation. We present a rare case of glomus tumor in the middle ear.

Background: Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit (FOPD) is a rare benign ossifying lesion of the soft tissues of fingers or toes. It may mimic other periungual tumors or malignant lesions, leading to diagnostic confusion. Case presentation: We report a case of a 46-year-old woman with a 6-month history of a painless, progressively enlarging nodule of the right index finger. The lesion was excised for cosmetic concern. Histopathological examination revealed a well-circumscribed spindle-cell proliferation with osteoid and trabecular bone formation, overlaid by hyperplastic and orthokeratotic epidermis. No cytologic atypia or mitotic activity was noted. Conclusion: Recognition of FOPD is essential to avoid misdiagnosis and overtreatment. Molecular studies may show USP6 rearrangements, supporting its classification as a benign transient neoplasm. Complete local excision is curative with excellent prognosis.

Background: Thyroid carcinoma initially presents with clinical symptoms due to metastatic lesions in less than 5% of cases. Spinal cord compression from an epidural metastatic lesion as a first symptom is extremely rare. One would expect such a presentation to occur much later in the course of the disease. Case presentation: We report an unusual case of a 57-year-old-woman with the complaint of back pain for one year. A process was detected at the corpus of L5-S1 to S3 vertebra, by the sacrococcygeal MRI. Conclusion: Spinal metastasis as initial finding is very rare in the patients with FTC. However, prognosis is quite well with total tumor resection and adjuvant treatment. This cancer type must be kept in mind for differential diagnosis and must be screened in the patients with spinal tumors.

Introduction: Primary tonsillar tuberculosis is exceptional even in endemic country like Morocco. the diagnosis was ‘not evocable on clinical signs because of their non specificity, diagnosis made after surgery and histological analysis.no primary location been found on radiological pulmonary exam. Case report: Herein, we report the exceptional case of a primary tonsil tuberculosis discovered in a 12 years child .no specific local or general symptom was observed. confirmation made by histology. Actually, the child is doing well under therapy. conclusion: primary tonsillar tuberculosis is exceptional, only histology can confirm the diagnosis. Thus, must make us keeping in mind this eventual diagnosis, particularly in pediatric population, every time symptoms are not specific.

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Giant cell fibroblastoma (GCF) is a rare soft tissue most often discovered during the first two decades of life. We report the case of a 4-month-old infant examined for a mass in his right arm. The patient underwent total excision of the mass. Histological, immuno-histochemical showed giant cell fibroelastoma. This tumor poses diagnostic challenges to the pathologist because it may be confused with malignant mesenchymal tumors with different prognosis.

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