Basal cell carcinoma is the most common human cancer worldwide. It‘s an epithelial cancer developed from epidermal tissue, happening most frequently from novo, localized only to the skin, with local malignancy. His prognosis is relatively good but premature management, in effect surgical excision is necessary, given its significant potential tissue destruction leading to high morbidity. Numerous clinical and histological types are reported, specifically tattooed or pigmented basal cell carcinoma which poses the differential diagnosis problem with melanoma. Here we report a case of Basal cell carcinoma of the face, inadequately treated for long time, noticed at an advanced stage.

All acneiform eruptions are not acne vulgaris. Some acneiform eruptions can be caused by fungal organisms that are usually not resolved with standard acne medications. Demodex is a skin mite, taking advantage of local and general factors to proliferate. They are ubiquitous in the skin but there is a predilection for the face. The diagnosis of demodicosis is based on a range of clinical, parasitological and therapeutic arguments. Screening for Demodex sp is essential to establish the correct diagnosis and ensure suitable treatment.

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of sigmoid colon is extremely rare high grade neoplasm with poor prognosis. Gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma are aggressive mesenchymal tumors. Here we present an unusual case of leiomyosarcoma of sigmoid colon with adhesions and perforation in small intestine. Case presentation: A 65 years old male patient referred to our institute with complaints of vomiting, pain and distention of abdomen .Clinical examination showed rigidity and guarding of abdomen with diminished bowel sounds. Clinically diagnosed as intestinal obstruction. Colonoscopy revealed growth at recto-sigmoid junction. Histopathology of biopsy reported with differential diagnosis. Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and Leiomyosarcoma. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the final diagnosis. SMA positive and CD117 negative. Hence diagnosed as leiomyosarcoma of rectosigmoid colon. Conclusion: Colonic leiomyosarcoma is rare and its occurrence in rectosigmoid colon is unusual. Leiomyosarcoma can be differentiated from GIST by IHC marker.

Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary malignant tumour of the adult eye. Metastatic spread occurs years after curative treatment. The main site is liver metastases, hence the importance of long-term surveillance. We report on a patient who was diagnosed late 4 years after curative treatment, at the age of 53 years, and whose reason for consultation was typical hepatic colic, hence the need for long-term surveillance for secondary locations, specifically liver metastases.

Medicinal plants are most valuable source of different natural compounds and safer than the chemicals that directly used for the treatment of high risk diseases. The compounds that present in the medicinal plants are monoterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolics. The ultimate goal of the using of medicinal herbs are inhibiting the growth of the infectious particles that causing variety of diseases. Medicinal plants have been used in order to control the growth of infectious bacteria in as some of them deviling the resistance due to changing endearments for example, Enterococcus faecium and Klebsiella pneumonia. Many of the plant extracts such as N.sativa seeds have been used as natural booster for targeting the lethal pathogens and causing the cellular toxicities While, Commelina africana L and Elephantorrhiza elephantine that binds with living cells by damaging’s the membranes of the toxic pathogens. The production of the free radicals due to stress or any environmental conditions may increase the risk of damage to DNA molecules. These free radicals binds to the double binds of the DNA molecule inhibit their functions in order to replicate for further central dogma processing. It give rise the production of peroxyl radicals species due to consecutive attack to the DNA molecule.

Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare group of malignancies which arise from smooth muscle cells. Leiomyosarcomas arising from anterior mediastinum is rarely reported in the literature. The current COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented havoc worldwide. It is also causing delay in diagnosis of other diseases. Herein we report a case of an elderly male who was managed as a case of COVID pneumonia and on follow-up review in post COVID clinic was diagnosed to have anterior mediastinal leiomyosarcoma and was managed with chemotherapy.

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology and analyse the level of antibiotic resistance of Ab strains in the intensive care unit of the ibn Tofail Hospital of the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Marrakech. Results: Microbiologically, 200 samples were analyzed, of which urine was the most frequent sample with a rate of 36% of all samples, followed by blood cultures with a rate of 36%, catheters in 12%, vaginal samples in 7% and protected distal samples in 3%. The analysis of the resistance profile of germs to antibiotics showed that for Beta-lactams: 81% are extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) 16% low level penicillinase (LLP) and high level penicillinase (HLP) at 3%.

Rationale: The usual metastases of breast cancer are mainly represented by the following organs: lymph nodes, bone, liver, lung, pleura and brain. While gastrointestinal involvement remains rare. Patient Concerns: A 67-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with abdominal pain and obstructive symptoms, she was diagnosed with duodenal metastasis of breast cancer with infiltration of the duodenal mucosa by lobular breast carcinoma. The patient had undergone the right breast mastectomy for infiltrating lobular carcinoma 6 years previously. Diagnosis: Metastatic infiltration of the duodenal mucosa by mammary lobular carcinoma was proven histologically and immunohistochemically. Lessons: The importance of thinking about metastases of the gastrointestinal tract in the presence of non-specific and vague symptoms and of clearly differentiating in this context these metastases from primary gastrointestinal tumors.

Despite medical advances, tuberculosis is responsible for over one billion deaths in the last 200 years. This study was carried out to determine interleukin 10 levels in serum of tuberculosis patients attending Aminu Kano Specialist Hospital, Kano (AKTH). A total of 330 subjects were enlisted for this study. The subjects were grouped into: Group A (30 control) and Group B (300 subjects). DNA sequences specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance were detected using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay. 5mls of blood were aseptically collected from subjects using standard venipuncture procedure into plain tubes for HIV and Interleukin 10 assay. TB patients co-infected with HIV were excluded from this study. The Interleukin 10 level was measured using commercial Sandwich ELISA kits. The result revealed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) between the interleukin 10 levels of the test (11.30±3.79) and control group (9.38±4.39). Furthermore, the result showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the interleukin-10 levels of rifampicin resistant (11.80±3.87) and non-rifampicin resistant patients (11.65±3.55). Interleukin 10 was also found to be higher among patients aged 30-39 (12.33±3.31) and female patients (11.95±3.50) than in male patients (11.45±3.65). Furthermore, Interleukin 10 level was found to be higher in TB patients before anti TB treatment (12.54±3.82) than in patients after treatment (9.86±3.59). The findings of the study showed that interleukin 10 is a viable biomarker in the pathogenesis of TB infection and can be used as prognostic marker for management of TB patients.

Ciliated hepatic foregut cysts (CHFCs) are a benign cyst of the liver with a ciliated coating. It is an extremely rare solitary cystic lesion. In this paper, we present a case of CHFCs in a 41-year-old woman. Our goal was to insist by the report of this clinical observation and the review of the literature on the main issue of this pathology which is to ensure a regular and rigorous monitoring of patients with CHFCs or a radical surgical treatment to anticipate or avoid malignant complications.

COVID 19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome – corona virus -2 (SARS – CoV 2), is a pandemic that affected millions of people worldwide. During the second wave of COVID -19 pandemic in India, an unprecedented surge in cases of mucormycosis was observed. This study was carried out to describe the clinical, morphological and histopathological staining characterstics of mucor mycosis in 16 covid patients in a tertiary care setting. Older patients with comorbidities like diabetes mellitus are commonly affected. The most common site of involvement was sinonasal tract (68.75%) followed by sinonasal tract and orbit (37.5%). Out of the 16 patients, 2 were partially vaccinated whereas others were not vaccinated. Histopathological examination of specimens revealed broad aseptate fungi in all cases. Tissue necrosis was present in all cases. Suppuration being the most common tissue reaction. 43.75% showed angioinvasion and 37.5% had bone invasion. All the cases were GMS positive with variable intestity. Treatment given in all cases were liposomal amphotericin B injection and surgical wound debridement. On follow up, 40 % of the patients died inspite of aggressive clinical management. Hence this fatal fungal infection should be kept in mind in covid 19 recovered patients especially those who are immunocompromised.

Cellular cultures can be used to investigate the role of ciliates in forming of flocs of fishes in the absence of many other microbes. Aquaculture is rapidly expanding and faces numerous difficulties in achieving growing demands while maintaining the security and suitability of fish products. The primary motivation for developing fish cellular cultures, as till recent times, the most common application of these cultures, has been the exclusion and description of fish viruses which are the causal factors of epizootics in economically valuable aquaculture or fishery. Acinetobacter, Vibrio, and Pseudomonas grow faster in flesh media than in artificial media. Fish-protein-hydrolysate peptones have no interaction with prions which cause bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Tissue engineering can all be combined with advanced aquaculture technologies to make marine cellular cultures as an appealing option for producing in vitro fish meat. Fish waste products could be an interesting perspective of cost effective and efficient peptones, the use of which has resulted in good growth yields for a wide range of bacterial genera. Food loss starts immediately as the fish killed, so handling should be completed as soon as possible to avoid the development of bacteria and molds on it.

Many skin lesions have been reported in connection with tattoos, both benign and malignant. The pathogenesis of malignant transformation in tattoos is unknown, although hypotheses include the toxic effects of the pigments. To date, we have notice 31 case reports and series (17 men, median age: 50.5 years) of KA and CSC on tattoos. Other factors; UV exposure, fair skin, and immunosuppression increase incidence of cSCC. Recurrence and metastasis are associated with tumor diameter greater than 2 cm, depth greater than 2 mm or beyond subcutaneous fat, extensive or large-caliber perineural involvement, and poor differentiation on histopathology. AJCC 8 is used for TNM staging for cSCC of the head and neck. BWH offers an alternative T staging system. Management is primarily surgical with rare indications for adjuvant chemoradiation.

Dermatomyositis is a type of inflammatory myopathy characterized by inflammatory and degenerative changes of the muscles and skin. The paraneoplastic dermatomyositis is a subtype associated with cancer. The pathophysiothogy remains unfully understood. The diagnosis is supported by both the clinical and serological features. The treatment involves both the DM and the malignancy. Multi-disciplinary management is fundamental for patients. However the pronosis remains usually poor. We report a case of paraneoplastic dermatomyositis revealing an ovarian cancer, the purpose is to illustrate the diagnostic, therapeutic and pronostic of this entity.

Background: Acinetobacter species has emerged as an important pathogen globally in various infections especially in hospital acquired infections. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Acinetobacter species from wound swab samples. Materials and Methods: A Cross sectional study was undertaken in Department of Microbiology, Rajshahi Medical College (RMC), Rajshahi, Bangladesh from period January 2014 to December 2014. A total 13 Acinetobacter were collected from 292 wound infection patients of surgery word and its allied brances in Rajshahi medical college hospital (RMCH). Isolation, Identification and sensitivity of Acinetobacter species were performed by manual method. Results: Out of 292 patients 13(4.4%) patients showed growth of Acinetobacter species. Resistance observed to Meropenem was 38.46%, Piperacillin -Tazobactum 61.53%, Amikacin 53.84%, Ceftazidime 76.92%, Gentamicin 61.53% and Levoflaxacin 67.23%. This data suggest that Acinetobacter isolated from hospital exhibits resistanace to multiple antimicrobial drugs. Conclusion: The study will help to implement better infection control strategies and improve the knowledge of antibiotic resistance patterns of Acinetobacter species in our region.