There is currently a global effort to improve universal health coverage through the sustainable millennium development Goal. Nevertheless, much of Sub-Saharan African is still challenged by a dismal health system due to poor governance, corruption, extreme poverty and the lack of priority. The result is lack of health facility, poor health practitioner to patient ratio, with subsequent rise in maternal and child mortality. Much effort through appropriate health financing, training of health practitioner and socioeconomic development is needed to reduce the current health crisis.

Dengue fever is one of the most common arthropod-borne viral infectious diseases. The disease is now endemic in more than 100 countries in Africa, the Americas, the Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific with an estimated two fifths of the world's population being at risk. The notable endemic viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) found in West Africa, including yellow fever, Lassa fever, Rift Valley fever, dengue fever and until recently Ebola have been responsible for most outbreaks with fatal consequences. These VHFs usually produce unclear acute febrile illness, especially in the acute phase of infection. In this context, early detection of infection with sensitive and specific laboratory tools and the prompt clinical management of this disease is a health care priority. Rapid and accurate methods for the diagnosis of dengue fever are important for optimum patient management and institution of early preventive strategies. In this review we tried to focus on role of Molecular methods in early and definitive diagnosis of dengue.

Background: Lip prints can be used in crime investigation to establish the presence of a victim or a suspect at a crime scene since they are visible with the naked eye but latent prints are not visible with naked eyes. The examination of these features is called cheiloscopy. Cheiloscopy or Quiloscopy is simply the study of the patterns produced by the lip prints and their application. Aim: This study was aimed at investigating the association between lip prints types and gender and the proportionality difference in distribution of lip prints between male and female. This study will add to the body of knowledge information on the association of gender and lip print which will be beneficial to geneticists, forensic experts, biologists and everyone who has interest in security outfits. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design with 450 volunteers. Volunteer subjects were conveniently selected from across Port Harcourt Metropolis. Results and Discussions: This study suggest that lip distribution is independent of the gender and what was seen in the upper right quadrant (URQ) could be by a coincidence and not strong enough to suggest that lip print distribution is dependent on gender. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that Type I is the most predominant lip print type, followed by Type II among the study population. The study showed that not all quadrants exhibited gender differences in the pattern of lip prints distribution. Only a one quadrant (Upper Right Quadrant) of lip prints can be said to have gender discriminatory indicators, and this maybe a mere coincidence. Thus, suggests that lip prints may not be a good predictive tool for gender.

The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence for the relationship between personality disorders (PDs), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and other anxiety disorders different from OCD (non-OCD) symptomatology. Method: The sample consisted of a group of 122 individuals divided into three groups (41 OCD; 40 non-OCD, and 41 controls) matched by sex, age, and educational level. All the individuals answered the IPDE questionnaire and were evaluated by means of the SCID-I and SCID-II interviews. Results: Patients with OCD and non-OCD present a higher presence of PD. There was an increase in cluster C diagnoses in both groups, with no statistically significant differences between them. Conclusions: Presenting anxiety disorder seems to cause a specific vulnerability for PD. Most of the PDs that were presented belonged to cluster C. Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) is the most common among OCD. However, it does not occur more frequently among OCD patients than among other anxious patients, which does not confirm the continuum between obsessive personality and OCD. Implications for categorical and dimensional diagnoses are discussed.

The present study assessed the alteration of the liver biochemical enzymes following dermal exposure to petroleum motor spirit (pms) on 25 albino whister rats. 10 served as control while the treated had 15 albino whister rats and clustered into 3 based on the treatment scheme (1ml, 2ml, and 3ml). The serum biochemical assays, body weight, and histopathology of the liver where evaluated. The study revealed the mean of 101.20±2.781 and 111.40±2.591 for weight before and after treatement respectively with a statistically significant (t= -20.821, df= 9, p=<0.05) for control subjects. While the mean of the treated group (PMS) was 116.67±12.199 and 110.33±11.872 for weight before and after treatment correspondingly. The study demonstrated a statistically significant mean difference between the two different weights for pre and post treatment exposure. In analyzing the biochemical assays, the result of treatment with 1ml PMS showed a moderate increase in ALP (11.60±.548) when compared to the control (11.40±0.516), while AST and ALT significantly decreased (192.00±19.170 and 110.80±9.311) when compared to the control (245.40±4.648 and 143.60±13.426) at P<0.05. When treated with 2ml PMS the ALP, AST, ALT (12.60±.548, 298.20±29.029 and 172.80±20.266) all increased when compared to the control (11.40±0.516, 245.40±4.648 and 143.60±13.426) at p<0.05. The mean comparison of the treatment of albino whister rats using 3ml PMS showed a significant increase in ALP and AST (14.00±2.739 and 275.40±30.672) when compared to the control (11.40±0.516 and 245.40±4.648) at p<0.05. But, comparing the obtained result of ALT, result showed a decrease in the level of ALT (118.00±27.386) when compared to control (143.60±13.426). The histopathological examination results as described in the histopathology report shows significant suggestion of deformation in the cell structure of hepatocytes subsequent to treatment with varying doses of PMS. Dermal exposure of these xenobiotics is almost certainl

HCC is the one of the most common of cancers and now according to world statistics it accounts for fifth most common types of cancer in the world. The mortality is very high and it second leading cancer in terms of cancer-related mortality in the world. The frequency has been on a study rise in the last one or two decades. It is one of the serious malignancies and has one of the worst prognoses in terms of morbidity and mortality. The numbers are expected to increase in the next decade or two as more and more urbanisation and industrialisation are happening thus indirectly leading to life style modifications. Liver is the mainly concerned with the metabolism and it is easily targeted as it is the first line of defence or contact as far as the ingestion is concerned. Toxic environment is one of the most important causes. With increase in the incidence and prevalence of the toxic substances being ingested and also the unhealthy life style followings is being practised, more number of cases is expected to encounter. If global scenario is considered then higher incidence is reported in the developed and industrialised nations. This study puts in an effort to profile the Hepato-Cellular Carcinoma cases.

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous mucocutaneous infecion caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. The infection is non-contagious and as the name suggests, it is primarily a disease of the nose. Here, we report a rare case of rhinosporidiosis affecting the nasopharynx in a 35 year old male patient.