Sustainable management of marine fauna globally is increasing due to anthropogenic demands, the decline in biodiversity, and climate-related changes in the ecosystem. Combining ecological concepts and fisheries science would provide an overall approach to achieving a balance between conservation objectives and food security requirements. This review critically evaluates how there are converging approaches between ecosystem-based management, population dynamics, and adaptive fisheries strategies that can contribute to improving resilience in marine systems. It lays stress on trophic relationships, habitat connectivity and species-specific response to exploitation, indicating the shortcomings of conventional single-species management strategies. More sophisticated tools like ecosystem modeling, remote sensing, and data-driven stock assessments are elaborated as key ingredients of informed decision making. Furthermore, the contribution of governance systems, stakeholder involvement, policy consistency is gauged in promoting sustainable exploitation and maintenance of ecological integrity. New ideas such as climate-smart fisheries, biodiversity-inclusive management and nature-based solutions are discussed in response to the uncertainty that might occur in the future. The synthesis emphasizes the need to work across disciplines to reduce overfishing, habitat destruction and ecosystem imbalance. This method will bring ecological theory and fisheries into a balance to advance long-term sustainability, increase adaptive capacity, and restore marine biodiversity. Finally, ecology and fisheries science should be integrated as a paradigm shift to whole ocean stewardship, which guarantees the survival of marine life and the marine ecosystem services it offers at a time of unprecedented environmental change.

Remote sensing-based smart irrigation management based on the use of geographic information system (GIS) has become a revolution in the effort to maximize the efficiency of water use in agricultural systems and the management of complex biotic and abiotic stresses to the agricultural system. This paper integrates recent developments in satellite-based monitoring, sensor fusion, and spatial analytics to come up with adaptive irrigation systems that adapt dynamically to crop water needs. Remote sensing platforms can be used to measure vegetation indices, soil moisture, evapotranspiration, and thermal anomalies in real-time, allowing the initial identification of stress conditions resulting in drought, salinity, pests and diseases. GIS-based modeling also improves the decision-making process by incorporating multi-layered spatial data such as topography, soil characteristics and climatic variables to produce accurate irrigation timetables and risk maps. These technologies are integrated to facilitate precision agriculture through less wastage of water, low input costs, and enhanced crop resilience to the dynamic environment. Further, the predictability of stress forecasting and optimization in the process of irrigation can be improved using machine learning algorithms and geospatial data. The case studies show that smart irrigation systems can provide a great deal of stability in yield and efficiency in resource use in a wide range of agro-ecological areas. Though there are current challenges of accessing data, technical complexity and infrastructure constraints, continued technological advancements are ensuring that these systems continue to be scaled and accessible. In general, remote sensing and GIS convergence offer a sound platform of sustainable water management, which is part of food security and climate adaptation policies in contemporary agriculture. Future studies ought to be conducted on the incorporation of low-cost sensor networks, cloud computing infrastructure, and farmer-oriented decision-support systems to make them easy to use, scale, and be adopted in resource-constrained agricultural areas in the world to advance sustainable development.

Background: The role of histopathology as a tool in diagnosing chronic osteomyelitis (COM) in Ghana has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of histopathology as a tool in diagnosing and describing the clinicopathological features of COM in sequestrectomy and other small biopsy specimens. Material and methods: The following data on 75 patients with COM were collected: age, gender, primary and associated symptoms, history of prior trauma and the use of herbal treatment. The data was analysed using SPSS software version 26.0 (Chicago). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare clinical variables of significance. Results: The median age of the patients was 12.0 years, with a male: female ratio of 2:1. The commonest primary presentation was a painful swelling 55 (73.3%, p<0.001). The sites commonly involved were: tibia (34.7%), femur (22.7%) and hip joint (10.7%). Approximately, 84.8% (p<0.001) of those with additional complains had a discharging sinus. A total of 27 (36.0%) patients had history of prior trauma, while, 41 (54.6%) had history of prior use of herbal treatment. There was a significant association between discharging sinus tract and the use of herbal medicine (P= 0.009). There was also an association between trauma and herbal medicine usage (p = 0.011). Conclusion: Chronic osteomyelitis commonly affect young males, with the long bones of the axial skeleton being the common site of infection. Prior trauma and the use of herbal medicine for fracture managements were the common risk factors.

Against the background of the “Three Integrations” Initiative and in light of the heightened ideological and political emphasis currently placed on Translation for International Communication and the interdisciplinary nature of this course, this study introduces the principles of Outcome-Based Education and constructs a “One Core, Three Stages, Five Dimensions” teaching model, centered on cultivating students’ competence to undertake translation tasks that are oriented at international communication. Empirical results demonstrate that this model effectively strengthens students’ ability to apply translation skills in international communication and promotes the integration of translation skills instruction with patriotic education; it thus offers a valuable reference and practical model for pedagogical reform in relevant external publicity translation courses.

People can contract influenza, an infectious respiratory illness. Fever, sore throat, runny nose, cough, headache, aches in the muscles, and fatigue are among the symptoms. In severe cases, pneumonia frequently results in death. There are worldwide influenza pandemic outbreaks, despite the fact that these illnesses are marked by sporadic seasonal epidemics and irregular and unpredictable occurrences. a zoonotic viral strain. Severe influenza seasons are linked to the H3N2 subtype. Three of the previous five extremely severe influenza seasons were dominated by H3N2 viruses. influenza viruses are evolving so quickly, even with known techniques, The best ways to avoid and cure influenza is viewed as a tremendous task. Only thorough research on the currently dominating H3N2 influenza viruses will lead to improvements in vaccination efficacy and pandemic risk assessment. The different characteristics of the H3N2 viruses and their ability to cause seasonal outbreaks and pandemics are covered in great length in this article.

Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) plays a crucial role in minimizing operational downtime and lifecycle costs in petrochemical industries. However, conventional RCM approaches often lack dynamic failure diagnosis and prioritization capabilities under uncertain operating conditions. This study proposes an enhanced framework integrating Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) with data-driven linguistic rule extraction to improve maintenance decision-making for centrifugal pumps. The proposed methodology utilizes OREDA-based failure classification to identify critical failure modes and introduces a weighted severity–occurrence model to overcome limitations of traditional Risk Priority Number (RPN) ranking. The framework establishes relationships between failure causes and key operational parameters such as flow rate, discharge pressure, vibration, temperature, and efficiency using linguistic variables. A rule-based diagnostic system is developed to enable real-time fault identification and maintenance scheduling. The framework is validated through a case study of centrifugal pumps in a petrochemical aromatic plant. Results demonstrate improved fault detection accuracy, reduced maintenance time, and enhanced system reliability. The proposed approach provides a scalable and intelligent decision-support tool for predictive maintenance and industrial asset management.

Nickel sulphate (NiSO4) is a common industrial substance employed in various applications such as electroplating, battery production, and metal coating. However, its continuous occupational and environmental exposure has elicited toxicological issues. This review is a critical assessment of the histopathological, biochemical and molecular alterations of the liver in mice exposed to nickel sulphate, correlating the findings from both animal and mechanistic tests. Studies evidently show that NiSO4 leads to dose-related liver cell damage, necrosis, steatosis, inflammatory infiltration, and degeneration in animals, closely linked to the increase of serum transaminases and oxidative-stress biomarkers. From a mechanistic perspective, nickel exposure affects redox homeostasis, mitochondrial integrity, and lipid metabolism leading to ferroptosis, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling. Additionally, comparative data analysis between hepatic injuries induced by soluble and particulate nickel salts shows that the former is more fatal, highlighting the relevance of compound bioavailability and exposure pathway. The hepatoprotective effects of antioxidants and flavonoid supplements (e.g. selenium, silymamarin, hesperidin, etc.) against hepatic injury are seen in preclinical models. Cross-species researchers also show that there are conserved oxidative and inflammatory systems of damage, suggesting it may be applicable in human risk assessment. According to the review, early biomarkers, multi-omics, and mechanistically directed interventions are needed to enhance toxicological assessment. Overall, long-term exposure to nickel sulphate is a realistic risk for hepatic damage; therefore, increased occupational preventive and mechanistic research should be used to improve preventive and therapeutic strategies.