The research examines the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in waste management systems, using Bee'ah AI City Vision in Sharjah, UAE, as a case study. Research checks the application of advanced AI models, including long short-term memory (LSTM) network and transformer-based models, in adaptation to waste collection efficiency and sustainable urban rule. Conclusions display a 30% lower environmental footprint due to a 25% decrease in operating costs, waste volume prediction, and LSTM network in passage optimization. The transformer model also enabled a 20% increase in public satisfaction by increasing the accountability of services through emotion analysis. Research reflects AI's ability to increase operational efficiency, environmental stability, and governance in the public sector, as well as the main challenges, including AI decision-making data secrecy, algorithm bias, and transparency.

Background: Betel nut chewing is a deeply ingrained cultural practice in various regions, including rural Bangladesh. Despite its cultural significance, this habit poses significant health risks, particularly concerning oral health. This study aims to assess the impact of betel nut chewing on oral health among individuals in rural Bangladesh. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Jamalpur 250 Bedded General Hospital in Bangladesh from January to July 2023. A total of 150 adult participants were recruited. Data collection involved structured questionnaires covering demographic information, betel nut chewing habits, and self-reported oral health issues, complemented by clinical oral examinations performed by qualified dentists. Results: Out of 150 participants, 100 (66.7%) reported habitual betel nut chewing. Among these chewers, 70% engaged in daily chewing, with 40% having chewed for 5-10 years. Common oral health issues identified among chewers included dental discoloration (60%), periodontal disease (45%), and oral submucous fibrosis (30%). A significant association was observed between the duration of betel nut chewing and the prevalence of oral health conditions; participants chewing for over 10 years exhibited higher rates of oral submucous fibrosis (66.7%) and leukoplakia (33.3%). Conclusion: The study underscores a strong association between betel nut chewing and adverse oral health outcomes in rural Bangladesh. The findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions to raise awareness about the risks of betel nut consumption and to promote oral health in these communities.

Metal implants are commonly used in orthopedics for treating degenerative conditions and fractures. These materials are generally considered non-toxic. However, rare instances of malignancy linked to certain implants have been documented in the literature. The formation of high-grade sarcoma on orthopedic implants is an exceptionally rare complication. In this report, we present the case of an unclassified high-grade sarcoma in a 51-year-old patient to highlight the rarity of this condition and the challenges associated with its diagnosis.

With the intensification of population aging, the integrated medical and elderly care industry has gradually become the focus of social attention. Baoding City, as an important node in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development, faces new opportunities and challenges in the development of the medical and elderly care industry. This paper aims to explore how to promote the construction of a resilient medical and elderly care industry system in Baoding City, proposing specific strategies from four aspects: policy support, service system, technological innovation, and talent cultivation. By analyzing the current status of the medical and elderly care industry in Baoding and combining successful domestic and international experiences, this paper constructs a resilient medical and elderly care industry system with regional characteristics, providing a reference for the development of the medical and elderly care industry in Baoding and even nationwide.

Using basic research methods including literature synthesis and analysis, interviews, pedagogical testing, and statistical mathematics; this study selected evaluation criteria and developed a scoring table for both general and specialized physical fitness for male athletes of the Vietnamese National Kickboxing Team. The research contributes to improving training efficiency and competitive performance.

An empirical study of enterprise-related crimes in City J, Zhejiang reveals a fluctuating trend—initial increase followed by decline—over the past three years. Root causes include deficiencies in legal compliance awareness, internal governance, and standardized management among private enterprises. Proposed countermeasures emphasize enhancing entrepreneurial guidance, strengthening employee education and management, and standardizing internal control systems to cultivate robust corporate norms and culture.

Anatomy education (AE) is poised for a substantial revolution, propelled by advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) technologies. These novel tools are set to transform the teaching and learning of anatomy, providing tailored, interactive, and immersive experiences that may improve student engagement, retention, and overall educational outcomes. The combination of AI and VR technologies in anatomy teaching can furnish students with a more thorough comprehension of the human body, facilitating a profound appreciation for the intricacies of anatomy. Furthermore, AI and VR technologies can enhance the cultivation of critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, which are vital for success in the medical field. AI and VR technologies can facilitate the connection between theoretical knowledge and practical application by offering students engaging and immersive learning experiences. Moreover, these technologies facilitate students' exploration of the human body in a highly detailed and realistic way, enabling them to visualize and engage with intricate anatomical processes. We hypothecate that the future of AE hinges on the integration of AI and VR as learning tools.

Corruption is widely recognized as a pervasive issue that impacts countries globally, affecting economies in varying degrees and at different levels of intensity. It impedes economic growth, distorts market efficiency, and fosters inequality. Corruption is evident even in societies perceived as having minimal corruption, often manifesting through bribery, embezzlement, and preferential treatment. Numerous studies confirm the adverse effects of corruption on economic development, with wealthier countries generally reporting lower corruption levels compared to poorer nations. However, it remains uncertain if rising incomes consistently reduce corruption across different socioeconomic and political contexts. In the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region, corruption intersects with several factors such as resource wealth, governance frameworks, and economic freedom, highlighting a complex relationship between economic progress and institutional integrity. This study revisits the corruption-growth nexus, examining empirical data from 2004 to 2024 and exploring key determinants like youth unemployment, ethnic diversity, and political freedom. We analyze how internal and external controls, such as judicial efficiency, public sector wage structures, and transparency, contribute to or mitigate corruption. Findings indicate that countries with abundant resources often experience high levels of corruption, while economic freedom and robust governance frameworks can curb corrupt practices, underscoring the importance of comprehensive anti-corruption reforms.

This research reveals the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting on sustainability performance (SP). Moreover, the study investigates the moderating role of board financial expertise (BFEX) between CSR reporting and the SP on the Saudi Arabian Exchange. The study used a database of 469 observations from non-financial companies on the Saudi market from 2017 to 2023, using fixed effect models to estimate the study results. The study findings indicate that CSR reporting enhances SP in the long term. The companies that have CSR reporting are associated with higher SP. Furthermore, the results reveal that BFEX moderates the nexus between CSR reporting and SP. The study's originality lies in its exploration of the moderating role of BFEX on the association between CSR reporting and SP by using a sample from Saudi companies. This research offers practical insights for companies, policymakers, and stakeholders to enhance SP. The study provides actionable insights for companies to align CSR reporting with sustainability practices, enhancing their SP.

Introduction: Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, and early detection is crucial for improving outcomes. Brain tumors, characterized by abnormal cell growth in the brain, can be either benign or malignant. Although conventional MRI techniques are routinely used for diagnosis, they often lack the sensitivity needed for tumor grading and characterization. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) in providing additional diagnostic information for brain tumors. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted involving 100 patients who underwent MRI examinations, including conventional and DWI, at a diagnostic radiology department between January 2022 and December 2024. The study employed a 1.5-T magnetic resonance scanner, with DWI analyzed using calculated ADC values. Data on demographics, MRI characteristics, and MRI findings were collected and analyzed using SPSS Version 27. Results: The mean age of participants was 43.2 years, with a gender distribution of 53% male and 47% female. The analysis showed that most lesions had irregular borders (42%) and heterogeneous characteristics (56%). Statistically significant associations were found between tumor border irregularity, edema type, and ADC values, with significant differences in ADC values correlating with tumor types. DWI indicated that most hyper-intense tumors showed mass restrictions, whereas hypo-intense tumors demonstrated no restrictions. Conclusion: This study highlights the critical role of DWI and ADC in enhancing the diagnostic accuracy of brain tumors. Integrating these advanced imaging techniques into routine MRI practices can significantly improve the differentiation and characterization of brain tumors, aiding in better clinical decision-making

Generative AI is changing content marketing since it makes it cheaper and faster to produce large volumes of content. This change, however, also comes with strategic threats, including the interchangeability of content and the increasingly skeptical audience. This article discusses the impact of generative AI on the marketing cycle and how much productivity can be increased in comparison to the threat of sameness of creativity. We suggest that the competitive advantage lies not in its volume, but in what can be difficult to automate: a unique brand voice and an inimitable insight that can never be duplicated by your competitors. An actual running model is suggested that will explain when automation is valuable and when human judgment is critical. We also outline a governance structure that controls the credibility and trust-related risks. Lastly, falsifiable hypotheses are provided to demonstrate how audience trust and performance can be preserved and the productivity benefits of AI-enabled systems.

Authorities saddled with responsibility of maintaining internal security of the Nigerian state have come under criticism due to incessant security breaches that have resulted into killings of Nigerians. Thus, the purpose of this research was to explored moderated mediation effects of intrinsic factors and polychronicity on the relationship between work environment and work performance among personnel of the Nigeria Police Force. In order to test all the three hypotheses formulated for the study, a total of 450 personnel of the Nigerian Police Force, Osun State Command, south western Nigeria were selected through systematic sampling technique. The survey yielded 68% usable response rate and regression analysis was performed on the primary data collected from 306 respondents which constituted usable responses with the help of Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) adapted on the Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS) version 23. The results of data analysis revealed significant relationship between work environment and work performance among staff of Nigeria Police Force; and preference for polychronicity by policemen significantly mediated relationship between work environment and work performance. Additionally, intrinsic factors significantly moderated relationship between work environment and polychronicity, and thus by extension the collected data confirmed the model of moderated mediation earlier proposed. In order to maximize job and organizational performance, Nigeria Police Service Commission would have to create work environment that encourages multitasking through appropriate intrinsic motivating factors.

This paper compares corporate governance frameworks in Saudi Arabia, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States, highlighting key similarities and differences. Saudi Arabia’s governance framework is shaped by Shariah principles and emphasizes shareholder protection, while Germany employs a dual-board system that prioritizes stakeholder engagement. The UK follows a principles-based approach, promoting flexibility, whereas the US adopts a rules-based system with strict regulatory oversight and shareholder accountability. The study examines key governance aspects, including board structures, shareholder rights, transparency, and regulatory compliance. Findings indicate that Saudi Arabia has made significant progress in aligning with international governance standards but still faces challenges in areas such as board independence, transparency, and investor protection. Compared to Germany’s stakeholder-oriented approach and the shareholder-centric models of the UK and US, Saudi governance remains more conservative, with room for improvement in corporate disclosure and regulatory enforcement. The paper concludes by identifying areas for reform in Saudi Arabia’s corporate governance, such as enhancing board independence, improving reporting standards, and increasing regulatory oversight. Aligning governance practices with global standards could strengthen investor confidence and corporate sustainability in the region.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common diseases worldwide. Its effects on oral and dental health are well distinguished. As this disease is increasing worldwide, it is essential for dental care providers to be fully aware of the disease diagnosis and management and to deal with it confidently. This review discusses the oral manifestations and dental considerations that should be followed when treating patients with DM.

Open defaecation (OD) has been strongly linked to high prevalence of cholera and other sanitation-related diseases. This study was conducted to assess the effect of community-led total sanitation (CLTS) on sanitation facilities and the bacteriological quality of natural water sources in Cross River State. The study design was a community-based randomized controlled trial. A multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting respondents. Data were collected from 744 respondents at pre- and post-intervention. A purposive sampling method was used in sampling natural water sources. Observational checklist and sterilized sample bottles were used in data collection. Data were analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS version 24). Results were presented as frequencies, percentages and tables. The findings showed that respondents indicated that the major challenges of owning toilets (pre-intervention) were cost of constructing one 244 (32.8%), and distance of the toilet location 259 (34.8%) as major causes of OD practice. The same challenges were reported at post-intervention; as cost of construction 270 (36.3%) and distance of the toilet location 283 (38.0%). At pre-intervention, practice of OD was 253 (34.0%) among respondents who had no access to toilets but later reduced to 102 (13.7%) at post-intervention due to improved access to toilets. This infers that there was a statistically significant association between access to toilet and the reduction of OD practices due to the CLTS intervention. The test of hypothesis at both pre- (ϰ2 = 287.749; df = 1; P-value = 0.001) and post-intervention (ϰ2 = 8.334; df = 1; P-value = 0.001) was significant (P < 0.05). At pre-intervention, respondents with access to improved water sources were 119 (16.0%) which was improved to 569 (76.5%) at post-intervention, indicating that there was a statistically significant association between access to improved water sources and the reduction of sanitation-related diseases among respondents due to the CLTS intervention. Bacterial analysis showed that the total coliform and faecal coliform counts for all water samples exceeded the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) limits. Based on the findings, the CLTS intervention was effective in increasing knowledge of OD practice, changing wrong perceptions about OD and improving toilet ownership and maintenance. To scale-up the gains of this study, continued commitments to the eradication of OD practices from community members, community leaders, governments at all levels and NGOs is crucial.