Nursing education is a program in which, through nursing training, nursing student becomes a competent nurse. Nursing training is a mixture of two learning, Theoretical learning and practical learning. Nursing Students in clinical setting learn from the behavior, knowledge, experience and skills of their clinical instructor, clinical Teaching Behavior and students learning have a significant relationship to each other. The Purpose of this study was “To assess the relationship of the teaching behaviors of nursing faculty in clinical site with students learning”. This study was carried out by using descriptive cross sectional study design an the data was collected through convenient sampling method from Sir Ganga Ram Hospital and Mayo Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Sample size was 180 and the consent were taken from the participants prior from data taken. Questionnaire was adopted from previous study and data is analyzed through SPSS version 21. Statistics of the study shows that All of 180 students were female students, 77% participants having education level of FSc and take admission in Nursing Diploma. 86% of the participants fall in age group of 18 to 22. The Overall result shows that 89% of teaching behavior have string and positive relationship with students learning and it affect the students learning significantly and this is concluded from this study that the behaviors of clinical teaching faculty have positive relationship and influence students learning.

Nurses provide care to patients and they feel hope to get comfort and recover. Nurses use the knowledge and skills to provide care to the patients. There are many health care professionals who involved in providing care for sick patients but nurses are the central part of this process. There are many tasks which nurses have to perform in routine and medication administration is one of them. To assess nurses’ perception about medication administration errors and the factors that are associated with the medication packaging, physician communication, pharmacy process, nursing staff and medication administration. Descriptive cross sectional study design and quantitative survey technique was used in this study. The sample size of this study was 264. The self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 300 nurses of Children Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan through convenient sampling and all the participants were females. The study found that nursing related factor is the highest reason of the medication error among the nurses of the Children hospital Lahore, Pakistan. However, pharmacy is the lowest reason of the medication error. Thus, management should focus on the training and development of the nurses regarding medication error so that the better health care services can be ensured

We describe a rare case of hypertension and bilateral pleural effusion simultaneously in twenty-two years old otherwise healthy young female in March 2017. The patient presented with an allergic reaction to an insect sting. Hence, she developed a generalized rash and shortness of breathing where she received a methylprednisolone 80 mg intravenously every 8 hourly for five days where she was discharged home. However, the patient readmitted within 24 hours with non-resolving shortness of breathing, dry cough, hypertension and bilateral pleural effusions more significant on the right side are confirmed clinically and radiologically. Five days after methylprednisolone was discontinued, patient became normotensive and chest x-rays was normal. These manifestations that include symptoms, signs and radiological images and their resolutions are given a name of a syndrome called “Yahya Al –Fifi’s syndrome

Abstract: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common complication of both type-1 and type-2 diabetes, which affects over 90% of the diabetic patients. The distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN) is the commonest clinical form of diabetic neuropathy, affecting more than 90% of the patients. Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is one of the most common of all type of the long-term complication of diabetes, affecting up to 50% of patients. The most common sites of pain are in the periphery involving the feet, toes, and hands. DNP continues to represent a therapeutic challenge as its pathophysiology is not yet fully understood and pain relief is still unsatisfactory. Clinical guidelines recommend pain relief in PDN through the use of antidepressants such as amitriptyline and duloxetine, the γ-aminobutyric acid analogues gabapentin and pregabalin, opioids and topical agents such as capsaicin. Of these medications, duloxetine and pregabalin were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2004 and tapentadol extended release was approved in 2012 for the treatment of PDN. This review does not widely discuss all possible treatments for painful neuropathy; however it provides a systematic approach designed to guide clinicians in tailoring therapies to the individual patient.

This study aims to analyze the influence of competence and organizational culture on motivation. The design of this research is quantitative by using survey method. The population of this study are all sub districts and their devices scattered in 12 districts in Bekasi City and identified 56 urban villages and 224 urban village. Determination of the number of samples refers to the distribution of cluster-based areas that are scattered based on the existing sub-districts in the city of Bekasi. Assuming that each urban village will be taken by 4 respondents, 1 urban village and 3 head of affairs, the total sample area is 35: 4 = 140 urban villages expressed as sample area. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis technique. SPSS 21.00 analysis tool. The result of this research is that Competence and Organizational Culture have positive and significant effect to Motivation. There are still other factors that influence motivation apart from the two variables of Competence and Organizational Culture.

Abstract: This essay aims to examine the relationship between prejudice and discrimination on the basis of social dominance theory. Discrimination and prejudice are different concepts that many people experience frequently. Identities which create “we” and “other” are based on personal characteristics such as sex, age, sectarian or ethnic origin. Prejudice we feel for “others”, are the basis of discrimination. It is defined as a thought coming to mind arising from prejudgements while discrimination is behaviour of this prejudice. The theory of social dominance argues that one or more groups are more dominant and stronger than the others in the social structure and control resources. According to the theory, all social structures are prone to become group-based social layers, all societies are composed of hierarchically organized layers. While dominant social groups shape social values and have material resources or significant social symbols, the disadvantaged groups strive to have them. As a consequence, dominant groups have intention to maintain the circumstance by way of discrimination and favoring the inner group. The theory asserts that group-based social hierarchies emerge through aggregated individual discrimination, aggregated institutional discrimination and behavioral asymmetry. In this process, discriminated individuals, while reducing the values of their social identity by recalling that their groups have low position on the one hand, also make discrimination to be seen as the cause of failure instead of personal reasons.

Time out protocol for surgery is very important for the declination of mortality rate because two hundred and thirty four millions surgeries have been performed every day worldwide in which 7 million had adverse complications. To assess the attitude and practice of surgical team members regarding time out protocol before surgery in Operation Theater. A descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study design was done. An adopted questionnaire have been distributed among 154 participants to collect data from Services Hospital Lahore. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics and chi-square were applied. In this study out of (N= 154) respondents 50 %(n=77) of the participants were male and 50%(n=154) were females and 58..4%of the respondents were between the age of 26-30 years.45% of the surgeons and 27% of anesthetists and only 26%of the nurses were participate in the study.50% of the participants were 6- 10 year of job experience. Respondents towards the attitude of time out protocol were positive.87%of the respondents think that check the patient identity, procedure side is a joint responsibility.92% of respondent said that time out protocol can avoid incorrect surgery.76%of the respondent confirm the patient identity before every operation.81% of the respondents confirm that surgical procedure before each operation. The Time out protocol is one of the important strategies to minimize the hazardous situation in Operation Theater. It is important in Operation Theater and surgical ward as well as in overall hospital to identify the patient properly, his diagnosis, his treatment planning, his medication and the site or part of surgery to be carried out

This paper examines the impact of financial development on the rates of investment in physical and human capital, again with and without accounting for country fixed effects. The development of financial sector through effective utilization of domestic resources is vital for economic growth and poverty reduction. During the first half of the 1990s Bangladesh experienced major financial sector reforms which included the liberalization of interest rates, improvement of monetary policy, abolishing priority sector lending, strengthening central bank supervision, regulating banks, improving debt recovery and broadening capital market development. To the extent that financial development facilitates growth by encouraging factor accumulation; we should observe their impact in these direct specifications.

Epidemiological information on tuberculosis (TB) has always been vital for planning control strategies. It has now gained further importance for monitoring the impact of interventions to control the disease. The present study was done to estimate the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in industrial population in a tertiary care centre in north India. It is a cross sectional study conducted at ESIC Medical college and hospital which caters to the registered /insured industrial worker under ESI scheme. All patients from chest clinic in the study period who were presumptive pulmonary TB patients were subjected to two sputum examination for AFB microscopy by ZN staining method. Demographic data of study subjects was collected, processed and statistical analyzed using SPSS software. Total 1315 patients participated in the study. Total sputum samples collected were 2623 out of which 351 were positive giving slide positivity rate of 13.58%. Among all of the total positive slides, male female ratio was 1.4:1. Maximum number of slide positive cases was present in 21-30 yr of age group in both male and female. 15.2% cases observed one of the two sputum samples as positive, thus emphasizing the importance of at least two sputum samples for diagnosis. The findings of this study reveal that younger age group patients 21-30 year old were most susceptible to tuberculosis and also percentage positivity of sputum among females was found significantly higher than males in the reproductive age group (21-50 yr). This finding, if corroborated in further studies could have major implications on the reproductive health of women

The quality of government is a key variable affecting the government's trust. Then, how to measure the quality of government? How to study the influence of government quality on government trust? This paper focuses on combing the research status of government quality and government trust at home and abroad, defines the concept of government quality involved in the article, and points out the importance of the division of government quality indicators. Through the literature review of the efficiency of the government, the rule of law, clean government effect on government trust, a general overview of the quality of government's trust in the government, provide basic materials for studying the relationship between government quality and government trust.

The government of Taiwan has promoted the hierarchy of medical care in Taiwan in order to facilitate large-scale hospitals returning to the nature of teaching research, emergency and critical care services. Since 2017, the clinical and service growth of mild cases at medical centers and regional hospitals has been limited. This study adopts a retrospective study and uses the clinic application number of the NHI-insured as research subjects. The subject hospital in 2016 applied about 838,088 cases, and after screening about 158,631 people times were included as the research subjects. With the Chi-square test, a significant difference has been identified in age (p<0.001), gender (p<0.001), diagnosis of diabetes, high blood pressure, and hypercholesterolemia (p<0.001), and divisions visited (p<0.001). 2016 Q1’s primary care services rate was 15.18% with the annual average of 18.93% lower than national rate at the same period, 21.76%. Patients of primary care can be transferred by hospitals to community clinics to reduce financial losses. Relevant adoptive measures also need to be introduced by the government (such as policy promotion and adjustment of co-payment) to smoothly promote and develop primary care services.

The faster growth of aquaculture has ensued in a series of developments harmful to the human and aquatic animal health as well as environment. People are using various prophylactic antibiotics indiscriminately in aquaculture mainly developing countries to prevent different bacterial infections resulting from sanitary shortcomings in fish and shellfish rearing. Also, the abuse of wide variety human non-biodegradable antibiotics remains in aquatic environment. It directly causes development of antibiotic-resistance bacteria and transferable resistance genes can be transferred to disease-causing bacteria, resulting in antibiotic-resistant infections for humans, fish and other aquatic animal. The greater the volume of antibiotics used, the greater the risks that antibiotic-resistant populations of bacteria will prevail in the contest for survival of the fittest at the bacterial level. The use of large amounts of antibiotics that have to be mixed with fish food also forms problems for industrial health and rises the opportunities for the presence of residual antibiotics in fish meat as well as fishery products. So, to overcome this global problem; strict measures, legislations and regulations for the use of antimicrobials in aquaculture should be developed and implemented especially in developing countries, to avoid such negative impacts in human, fish, animals and environment.

Chronotherapeutics refers to a treatment method in which in vivo drug availability is timed to match rhythms of disease, in order to optimise therapeutic outcomes and minimise side effects. The term "chrono" basically refers to the observation that every metabolic event undergoes rhythmic changes in time. It refers to a treatment method in which in vivo drug availability is timed to match rhythms of disease in order to optimize therapeutic outcomes and minimize side effects. It is based on the observation that there is an interdependent relationship between the peak-to-trough rhythmic activity in disease symptoms and risk factors, pharmacologic sensitivity, and pharmacokinetics of many drugs. In this present study invivo evaluation of bilayered tablets of Losartan and Hydrochlorothiazide were studied on rabbits to prove that the prepared formulation shows a pulsatile drug release. The plasma levels were measured using LC-MS/MS method. Pharmacokinetic parameters of these tablets were determined by using WINNOLIN Scientific software. The pulsatile release tablet formulation prepared in the lab managed to show some lag phase initially before releasing the drug with a maximum time (Tmax) at the 12th hour. From this present work the results of invivo studies proved that chronotherapeutical release of drug in the form of bi layered tablet can be achieved for newer chronotherapeutical drug delivery system.

This work characterizes the growth of mangrove oyster, Crassostrea gasar of two lagoons of Côte d’Ivoire: the Ebrié lagoon; on the level of Grand-Bassam and Azito and the Aby lagoon; on the level of Assinie. Thus, a monthly sampling of 30 oysters per site for 12 months (October 2015 at September 2016), during which the physico-chemical parameters of water were recorded. The results of the study show an almost similar evolution of the physico-chemical parameters of the three sites. However, the sites of Assinie and Azito recorded a salinity, although lower than 10‰, high compared to that of Grand-Bassam. The results of morphometric analyses plead in favour of a negative allometry for the two relations in particular, size-sizes relations and size-weight relations. However, the individuals of Assinie present the best values of growth coefficient (b). According to PCA, the individuals of Assinie are identifiable by a weight of flesh and a width of higher bodies. Those of Azito are characterized by a thickness of body, a weight of shell, and a body weight more marked. As for the individuals of Grand-Bassam, they don’t present any distinguishing mark making it possible to characterize them. This study shows, the necessity to install a durable strategy of management of oyster stocks of our lagoons. It would be interesting to envision the culture of the oyster which remains an important food product of socio-economic interest.

Service delivery is the most widely used measure of performance in the public sector. This paper is a critical review of literature with a focus on how service delivery is linked to leadership qualities, ethics and accountability. The four concepts explaining the variables under focus in this paper are introduced through a brief presentation. The study discusses theoretical perspectives deemed most appropriate for this work. These are the path-goal theory, resource based view and principal-agent theory. It is evident that there are numerous studies which have taken different methodology approaches and are conducted in diverse contexts. There however exist conceptual, theoretical, methodological and contextual gaps which need to be addressed in future studies. The key emerging knowledge gap is the fact that the available studies have not investigated the link between leadership qualities, ethics and accountability on one hand and service delivery on the other. Given the importance of improving service delivery it is therefore imperative for scholars and practitioners to understand the nature of this link and to explore it to improve especially with regard to the public sector entities. The review has developed a clearer understanding of the concept and how they relate with the theoretical perspectives. The review underscores the need for practitioners to work towards ensuring organisations are aligned with best practices for leadership qualities, ethics and accountability to ensure better service delivery. The review further highlights need for policy makers to put in place regulatory framework to nurture effective leadership, enhance ethics and accountability for better service delivery.