Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) describes a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies. It is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, which result from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action. The objective of this study is to assess some of the biochemical parameters related to diabetic patients. This is a descriptive, analytic, cross-sectional, and hospital based study. The scope of this study is to assess the plasma trace elements, glycated haemoglobin among Sudanese patients with types 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison with healthy Sudanese volunteers. This study took place during the period between September 2013 to June 2016 in Khartoum state, where is the capital. Its, population is about five million inhabitants. Blood parameters were measured using spectrophotometric methods. The (mean ±SD) of glucose, HbA1, zinc and copper in healthy subjects respectively were (93.5±10.5, 4.8±0.8, 103.7±82.5,103.8±66.5). And the (mean ±SD) of glucose, HbA1, zinc and copper in patients respectively were (196.6±75.7, 7.9±2.1, 132.0±89.6, 107.0±68.6). There was significantly increased of zinc and HbA1 and also increased in means of copper in patients compared to control groups.

The Black Bengal does of Indian sub-continent generally show a noted seasonal variation during in reproductive activity. India has a good quality of Black Bengal goat populations, which has significant role in the lives of the local goat rearers. The objective of the present study is to realize the influence of seasonal variation on the serum progesterone of Black Bengal does (Capra aegagrus hircus) in two different agro-climatic regions in India. The highest assessment of temperature (42.6 ± 1.5 ºC) has been reported during the month of April or May in the season of pre monsoon in Purulia. However, the lowest assessment of temperature (8.6 ± 0.9 ºC) has been reported during the month of December or January in the season of post monsoon again in Purulia. Progesterone hormone has been analyzed in the serum samples collected once a week. It has been observed that, from January to April for both of the regions of Purulia and Nadia and the month May has the lowest serum progesterone level in Purulia (0.32 ± 0.06 ng/ml) and the serum progesterone hormone concentration stayed approximately the same from January to March in Purulia as similar to Nadia. However, the serum progesterone reached to its peak level in November in both the region Purulia (4.52 ± 0.28ng/ml) and Nadia (5.55 ± 0.18 ng/ml) respectively. It can also be presume that the early months of the post monsoon season may be taken as an alternate breeding seasons for the Black Bengal breeds.

Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant systemic disorder of the connective tissue. Children affected by this syndrome carry a mutation in one of the two copies of the gene encodingthe protein fibrillin-1. It affects most organs and tissues, especially the skeleton, lungs, eyes, heart, and the large blood vessel that distributes blood from the heart to the rest of the body. A case report of Marfan syndrome has been reported which was diagnosed in the dental set-up.

Severe resorption phenomenon with edentulous maxilla may lead to several problems during fabrication of a maxillary complete denture. This often results in a heavy-weighted denture disturbing its retention and stability. This article explains a modified approach for controlling the thickness while hollowing maxillary denture. This hollowing method helps in reducing the weight of maxillary prosthesis, thereby enhancing the comfort, retention and stability.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the bacteria extruded apically during root canal preparation using hand and two rotary instrumentation techniques. The method include eighty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were mounted in bacteria collection apparatus. Root canals were contaminated with the pure culture of Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and dried at 37 0c for 24 hour. Then teeth were equally divided into three experimental groups and one control group of 20 each. In group I teeth were instrumented with the hand stainless steel k files in group 2 instrumentation with rotary protaper universal in group 3-instrumentation with rotary protaper next and in group 4-No instrumentation is carried out.Then bacteria extruded were collected ,incubated in brain heart infusion broth for 24 hour at 37 0c and the colony forming units were counted.The result showed that all hand and rotary instrumentation technique extruded debris.Among all the instrumentation technique hand file extruded more number of debris and protaper next least number of bacteria.

Insurance sector globally has tremendous opportunities for growth due to improved awareness and literacy among masses and it occupies an important place in the complex modern world. To cover the risk factor life insurance sector is the biggest in the world with about 360 million policies which are expected to increase at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 12-15 per cent over the next five years. The insurance industry plans to hike penetration levels to five per cent by 2020.. The present paper is an attempt to analyse the growth of insurance sector in India and initiatives taken by IRDA for promoting consumer education.

Abstract: The state of mind and mental health makes a huge difference to our overall well-being. Mobile phone usage is alarmingly increasing especially in the younger generation. The younger generation especially is glued to their cell phones and is supposedly a form of addiction according to some studies. There is an integration of machine- man and a growing concern about health as individuals are exposed to electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by cell-phones. The radio-frequency radiation emitted by cell-phones as placed near to ear has effect on functional changes in the brain and affects cognition and mental well-being. The real concern is about the effect of these radiations on mental health and cognition of students.

Bladder outlet obstruction is a recognized urological condition especially in aging males who may have prostate enlargements from benign or malignant lesions or when infra-vesical obstruction is due to urethral stricture in relatively younger subjects. Ultrasound scan is an integral tool in confirming suspected pathologies and also revealing incidental findings which could be life-threatening in some and of no effect in others. We retrospectively studied 156 patients who presented for follow up in the urology clinic with abdomino-pelvic ultrasound scan results. The mean age of the patients was 65.10(35-91) years. They were all males. Urinary bladder abnormalities consisted of increased bladder wall thickness (BWT) in 90(87.4%) patients, post void residual volume (PVRV) was abnormal in 31 (68.9%) patients and bladder stone was seen in 6 (3.8%) patients. The prostate gland was also evaluated with abnormal findings as follows: Prostate volume in 143(92.3%) patients, prostate outline was irregular in 50(32.1%) patients, the later finding showed a statistically significant association with the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Seminal vesicles were dilated bilaterally in 10(62.5%) out of 156 patients. The upper tract abnormalities were also noted and discussed. Abdomino¬-pelvic ultrasound scan just like trans-rectal ultrasound scan is very useful in assessing patients suspected of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) with the added advantage of being able to visualize the upper tracts with the same probe. It is quite safe, quick, affordable and without risk of contrast allergy and radiation exposure

When assessing the outcomes of dental treatment, it is important to consider the clinicians as well as the patients’ point of view. The dentist must attempt to restore, most often elderly patient with mental/physical and/or financial difficulties, to an acceptable level of esthetics and function. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the development of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with modified complete dentures and the association between OHRQoL and overall patient satisfaction.The study population consisted of 30 patients with severely resorbed ridges, who wore modified complete dentures fabricated within a span of 1-3 years and were recalled for follow-up.The modifications were done in the impression techniques, jaw relations, teeth arrangement, fabrication of the complete dentures; according to the clinical condition of the patients.Patients were requested to complete a questionnaire that was designed to show a semi quantitative degree of satisfaction with their dentures(subjective evaluation).The oral condition and denture quality was assessed clinically by an experienced clinician (objective evaluation). After evaluating the questionnaires, the improvement in the quality of life of the patients, including mastication, esthetics etc; from the patients’ perspective as well as the clinician’s perspective was judged.Statistical analyses were carried out and correlations assessed using the Pearson chi-square test. A significant impact was noted on chewing , fit and comfort of the mandibular denture(p<0.01) as well as patient’s overall satisfaction with the modified dentures (p<0.05). However, no significant results were found while analysing the fit and comfort of the maxillary denture, speech and esthetics of the dentures (p>0.05). The analyses of these results provide evidence for improved quality of life of patients with modified complete dentures.Significant improvements were recorded in almost all domains.

This study was designed to find out the pattern of blood pressure distribution among members of staff in Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba Akoko (AAUA), Ondo State, Nigeria. A cross sectional descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study and 500 respondents sampled using population proportional to size was used. Two instruments were used for data collection. A digital sphygmomanometer and a self constructed questionnaire designed and built around the research questions. It was validated by three experts in Health Education and it has a reliability coefficient of 0.85. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 20 using simple percentages, bar graph, mean of scores and hypotheses were tested with t-test at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that: 5.8% of the study population have their blood pressure above 140/90mmhg; age has significant influence on pattern of blood pressure distribution; sex; religion; nature of work; family type and length of service have no significant influence on the pattern of blood pressure distribution among members of staff in AAUA. It was recommended that stress should be reduced in the work place to avoid raised blood pressure; the working environment should be made healthy so as to enhance the growth and sustenance of positive emotion and members of staff should be encouraged to visit the university health centre on routine basis for checkups

Abstract: The roles of the human resource department are cross cutting and hence affect every sphere of an organization. In order for the department to develop, maintain, ensure compliance and contribute to the development of corporate HR policies; it has to be supported. This should be on areas of developing, refining and fine-tuning effective methods in selection of employees and ensuring that the organization has the right people with the desired level of competencies on board. It also has to be embraced and supported by the top management. This should be done at both strategic as well as at operational levels in both corporate and human resource planning where in conjunction with line managers action plans can be developed to help meet present and future needs of an organization.

The present investigation highlights the free radical scavenging activity of Melochia corchorifolia, Sida acuta and Saccharum officinarum leaf extracts and their Phenolic contents by determining DPPH, Nitric oxide, Hydroxyl and Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. The shade dried leaves were coarsely powdered and subjected to fractional extraction by using chloroform and ethanol. The extracts were subjected to in-vitro antioxidant activity by various antioxidant assays. The antioxidant activities were compared with that of standard Gallic acid from the results obtained, it was suggested that the Phenolic contents of these leaves exhibit strong free radical scavenging activity in all the tested methods and shows maximum scavenging of DPPH, Nitric oxide, hydroxyl and hydrogen peroxide at 100µg/ml concentration compared to chloroform and ethanol extract of leaves. The phytochemical screening of Melochia corchorifolia, Sida acuta and Saccharum officinarum leaf extracts constitutes flavonoids and tannins and the antioxidant activities may be due to the presence of these phenolic compounds

Periodontal disease results in attachment loss and damage to the supporting alveolar bone leading to tooth mobility. In majority of cases, the mandibular incisors are the teeth showing the first signs of mobility. The clinical management of periodontally involved teeth remains a challenge to the clinician. Splinting may be indicated for individual mobile tooth as well as for the entire dentition. The main objectives of splinting include decreasing patient discomfort, increasing occlusal and masticatory function, enhancing esthetics and improving the periodontal prognosis of mobile teeth. Fiber-reinforced composites provide one of the better alternatives for splinting of teeth. This clinical report describes a technique of splinting of periodontally involved mandibular anterior teeth using glass fiber-reinforced composite resin with a follow-up period of five years.

To establish a method for determination of contents of schizandrol A，deoxyschisandrin and schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis ( Turcz. )Baill.. An RP-HPLC method was developed. A Kromasil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used, with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water by gradient elution, the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1and the UV absorbance was monitored at 218 nm. The linear range of schizandrol A,deoxyschisandrin,schisandrin B were 19.92~398.4 μg·mL-1, 6.24~124.8 μg·mL-1, 12.5~ 250 μg·mL-1, the mean recovery were 99.5%, 98.6%, 98.5%;. The method is suitable for the quality control of Schisandra chinensis ( Turcz. )Baill

The sale of foods on the street is a common aspect of lifestyle in many countries and very prominent in Ghana. The street food trade has evolved into a large food sector that provides a means of income for the vendors and reasonably priced food to millions of people from all walks of life. However, the hygienic aspects of vending operations are a major source of concern for food control officers. As a result of this, there is the need to determine the food safety knowledge and practices of these street vendors so that the safety of such food can be guaranteed. This research was therefore carried out to assess the food safety knowledge and practices of street food vendors in Takoradi. The respondents were 10% male and 90% female. The result indicated that the street food vendors had fair knowledge of food safety practices but a large portion (70%) of them had no medical clearance certificate. The health and personal hygiene knowledge in this survey showed that majority of the vendors do not have any knowledge on health and personal hygiene. It is therefore recommended that a policy should be put in place to periodically educate food handlers especially vendors because food safety education should not only be triggered by evidences of visible dirt or unpleasant body odour.