Service is a very important activity in the academic, because this is a benchmark for the success of bureaucratic performance even college faculty. It is necessary to be noticed by the institution, because service activities are activities of direct interaction between employees and students. To improve service quality of academic and administrative, it must be managed well by the universities concerned. So the student satisfaction as a customer will be met, and ultimately the quality of higher education will increase as expected. In the academic service which includes all activities of lecturers, shows more than half of respondents said „good‟. Meanwhile, in the aspect of Administrative Services, based on a questionnaire, it can be concluded that the administrative aspects of the service is quite good.

A simple and rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometric assay for the measurement of bisphenol-A (BPA) in human urine was developed and validated. Sample preparation involved addition of 4-nitrophenol (as an internal standard, IS) to 1.0 ml human urine sample containing BPA, and extraction with ethyl acetate and hexane (6:4,v:v), evaporation, and dissolving the residue in the mobile phase. Analytes separation was performed using a reversed phase Atlantis dC18 column (2.1x 100 mm, 3 µm) protected by guard pre-filter and a mobile phase that consisted of 5.0 mM ammonium acetate: acetonitrile (20:80, v:v) and was delivered at a flow rate of 0.30 ml/min. The analytes were quantified in negative ion mode, using electrospray ionization (ESI) set at transitions of mass to charge (m/z): 226.87 → 212.01 and 137.84 → 107.86 for BPA and IS, respectively. The relationship between BPA concentration and peak area ratio (BPA /IS) was linear in the range 0.2 - 20 ng/ml. Mean extraction recovery of BPA and the IS was ≥ 90% and 97%, respectively. The method was validated in respect to accuracy, precision, linearity, and specificity. Stability of BPA in urine was determined under conditions generally encountered in the clinical laboratories. The method was successfully applied to determine BPA level in urine samples obtained from healthy volunteers

From very old days to recent civilization, human species depends on most of the natural resources for smooth running of their life. In nature specifically plants has a key source of drugs and its remedies. Feronia Limonia belonging to family Rutaceae is well known in Indian traditional systems for its traditional uses. Various parts of the plant like leaves, fruits, roots, bark have an astringent, constipating, tonic for liver and lung, diuretic, carminative, and cardiotonic effect and these are traditional uses. Various chief phytoconstituents like alkaloids, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, tannins, steroids etc. have been isolated from Feronia Limonia. But only few pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumour, antifungal etc. activities have been scientifically reported. From huge traditional uses documented in various traditional system of medicine and presence of vital phytoconstituents make Feronia Limonia an important plant to be studied scientifically to prove a variety of traditional uses. In present work we look at Feronia Limonia description, traditional medicinal uses, and phytoconstituents and anthelmintic activity of its leaves. Five concentrations (10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml) of aqueous extract of leaves Feronia Limonia were studied for an anthelmintic activity on adult Indian earthworms Pheretima Posthuma in a bioassay, which involved the determination of time of paralysis and time of death of the worms using Piperazine citrate as reference standard. The results indicated that 100 mg/ml concentration of Feronia Limonia leaves was more significant than that of other concentration

Chikungunya is still a diseases burden in India and various contries. The main objective of this review was to gather the outbreaks and it impacts and current treatment available for Chikungunya in allopathic and AYUSH. Key findings : Africa where Sylva tic cycle is maintained between monkeys and wild mosquitoes, in Asia the cycle continues between humans and the Aedes. aegypti mosquito. Virus was first isolated from Africa in 1952. In India first case were reported in Kolkata 1963. It can be diagnosed by various blood tests such as RT-PCR, ELISA, Serological test. The disease is almost self-limiting and rarely fatal. Common symptoms of Chikungunya are fever, joint pain (arthralgia), rashes etc Symptoms for Chikungunya and dengue as similar. In Allopathy no specific drug is available for the treatment of chikungunya. In AYUSH system of medicine various type of treatment are available. India has been reported major outbreak in 2005 -2006 mainly in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Tamil Nadu since December, 2005. Cases have also been reported from Rajasthan, Gujarat and Kerala. Conclusion: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection can be prevented by avoiding mosquito bites and the young researchers have to take interest to contribute drugs and developments

Adverse drug reactions are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and are responsible for a significant number of hospital admissions ranging from 0.3% to 11%. The ADR reporting rate in India is below 1% compared to worldwide rate of 5%. One of the reasons for low reporting rate in India may be a lack of knowledge and sensitization towards pharmacovigilance and ADR among health care professionals. The aim of the study is to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and perception of health care professionals towards adverse drug reaction reporting. A cross sectional study was carried out using a pretested questionnaire for a period of 6 months among 340 healthcare professionals. The questionnaire was designed to assess the KAP regarding pharmacovigilance. The healthcare professionals (doctors, nurses, dentists and pharmacists), trainee and internship students working in the NMCH and RC, Raichur, Karnataka during the study period were included. About 300 questionnaires where returned which were adequately filled, of which 37% were doctors, 33% dentists, 17% nurses and 13% pharmacists. Mean knowledge score of doctors, dentist, nurses and pharmacists where 5.29±1.73, 4.9±1.13, 5.41±1.34 and 7.08±1.36 respectively. Mean attitude score of doctors, dentist, nurses, pharmacists were 4.87±1.29, 4.78±1.107, 4.53±1.24 and 5.84±1.02 Mean perception score of doctors, dentist, nurses and pharmacists were found to be 4.87±1.29, 4.78±1.107, 4.53±1.24 and 5.84±1.20. It was observed that most of the professionals were aware of ADR. They were having sound knowledge and positive attitude towards ADR reporting. But unfortunately the practice of ADR reporting where deficient among the health care professionals.

Cryptococcosis is a potentially fatal fungal disease. The prevalence of cryptococcosis has been increasing for many reasons, including the increase in incidence of AIDS and the expanded use of immunosuppressive drugs. Cryptococcal meningitis is a threatening disease and visual loss is reported as a rare manifestation due persistent papilledema and optic nerve involvement. We report a case of an immunocompetent young male who presented with cryptococcal meninigitis, left lateral rectus palsy and papilledema. Inspite of appropriate medical therapy with amphotericin and flucytosine, his papilledema persisted and developed decreased vision.

Understanding the relationship between environmental pollution and economic development is of great importance for achieving sustainable growth. It is particularly important for managing watershed regions, where rapid urbanization can cause significant environmental damage. This study aimed to determine the relationships between urbanization, economic growth, industrial structure and nitrogen emissions in the Jishui River Basin from 1997 to 2013. Based on the raw data, a vector auto-regression model was built, and the data were analyzed using the Johnson cointegration test, the Granger causality test, impulse response function analysis and variance decomposition analysis. The results showed that there was a long-run equilibrium relationship and a one-way causality between the four variables in the Jishui River Basin. The effects of economic growth and industrial structure on nitrogen emissions were significantly stronger than the effect of urbanization levels. In the long run, economic growth and industrial structure had a strong explanatory power for nitrogen emissions, and the contribution of urbanization levels, economic growth and industrial structure to nitrogen emissions showed some hysteresis. This study clarifies the main drivers of changes in environmental pollution in the Jishui River Basin, and provides a scientific basis for urban development models and regulation of industrial growth.

This study examined whether a selected African stock exchanges provide evidence of weak form efficiency in the recent time period January 2013 to December 2015. Two objectives examined were the normality of distribution of stock prices in African stock markets; and to ascertain whether current values of the stock prices are related to various lags of the past stock prices in African stock markets. The study covered 13 out of the 28 stock exchanges in Africa, representing 38 nations' capital markets. The Jarque-bera statistics test of normal distribution and Augmented Dicker Fuller test of stationarity for stock market efficiency were employed. The data obtained from the monthly All Share Index data of the markets are log transformed to arrive at stock market returns used for the data analyses. Findings from the result indicate that (1) African stock market follows normal distribution; (2) succeeding price changes are not independent and move randomly in African stock markets. The study concluded that African stock markets are weak form inefficient within the period under study. The study therefore recommended that addressing trading frictions; promoting timely disclosure and dissemination of information to investors on the performance of listed companies; and strengthening regulatory oversight are key elements of a strategy aimed at improving the efficiency of the capital market.

Abstract: Organizational culture is conceptualized as shared beliefs and values within the organization that helps to shape the behavior patterns of employees. It is the drive that recognizes the efforts and contributions of the organizational members and provides comprehensive understanding of what and how is to be achieved, how goals are interrelated, and how each employee could attain goals. It is a collective process of the mind that differentiates the members of one group from another. Organisational culture is gaining support as a predictive and explanatory construct in organisational science because if it managed and controlled shall be useful as a management tool for organisational effectiveness and performance. The present study examines the impact of organizational culture on employees’ performance in selected Indian automobile companies. Data has been collected through questionnaires designed on a five point Likert scale. Multiple regressions have been used as the statistical tool for analysis of data. The study revealed that there is significant impact of organizational culture on employee performance in selected companies.

This is a conceptual review (content analysis) of the effect of foreign direct investment as a catalyst for sustainable economic development in Nigeria. The major objective is a comparative analysis of 87 developing countries with the capacity to attract FDI and proffer possible solutions that will catapult Nigeria as a globally acceptable haven for foreign investment. The secondary data were sourced from Investing Across Borders (IAB) 2010 report where 87 developing countries across the globe were assessed using the IAB indicators. The major conclusion drawn from the survey is that Nigeria as a country is yet to maximize its potentials (given available resources and market size) at attracting foreign investment. It also concludes that the process of foreign business establishment/ownership in Nigeria need to be improved upon to encourage high patronage of foreigners in economic activities. This study therefore recommends that Government should make policies that will encourage equity ownership of investments in Nigeria by foreigners. The authorities should put in place machineries that will ensure a transparent and simple business registration and ownership process.

The Congolese education system has long remained on the margins of entrepreneurship training. Yet some branches of study are beginning to grasp the importance of this subject and are already valuing this data in order to integrate it sufficiently into their curricula. How the social sciences, whose vocation is to study and apprehend various relations created in society, handle this new data? This reflection attempts to answer this question. A comprehensive analysis of the courses offered in this faculty has helped to descry between entrepreneurial teachings and other types of teaching. The approach was based on a simple assumption that any teaching whose purpose is to prepare and develop entrepreneurial attitudes and aptitudes is entrepreneurial. Thus, although the department of political and administrative sciences is one step ahead of the other departments, on the whole, this faculty has, on the contrary, devalued this teaching by cutting off some important courses in this field.

In this paper the optimal solution for linear programming is derived where some parameters are fuzzy in numbers. In practice, there are many problems arise if the decision parameters are crisp in nature, and such problems are usually solved by introducing either probabilistic programming or multi objective programming methods. Unfortunately all these methods have shortcomings. In this note, the concept of fuzzy numbers is introduced, which is a very effective method for solving these problems. With the problem assumptions, the optimal solution can still be theoretically solved using the simplex based method. Fuzzy decision variables can be initially generated and then solved and improved sequentially using the fuzzy decision approach by introducing robust ranking technique. The proposed procedure was programmed through MATLAB (R2009a) version software for representing four dimensional slice diagrams to its application. The model is illustrated with an application which incorporates all concepts of a fuzzy arithmetic approach to draw managerial insights.

Being potential entrepreneurs, students need to see their entrepreneurial potential grow. This is attained through a set of personal resources (knowledge, experiences, skills, relationships, aptitudes) that are useful for entrepreneurial action. Thus university is a full player in the success of young people in the entrepreneurial path. But entrepreneurship is a process that can be studied by linear sequences including that of upstream business creation or the entrepreneurial spirit. Understanding the correlations between education and this later was the main concern of this study. To achieve this, we have repositioned this problematic within a framework of the social dimensions of entrepreneurship model and that of planned behavior. The study on a survey control sample, particularly chosen in the social sciences, showed that desirability is a variable that is little influenced by the study branches. On the other hand, it is at the level of feasibility that the study paths have a significant impact on the entrepreneurial action. Finally, we put these results into perspective to understand the future behavior of the respondents. This feasibility variable is therefore an important factor in the choice of careers for students.

Knowledge Management (KM) is the process that deals with obtaining, processing, storing, disseminating and applying of information and knowledge within an organization to support and enhance its business performance and employee satisfaction. Financial institutions are realizing knowledge as a crucial resource in organization and should be managed judiciously. Despite the claims for positive relation between KM process and employee satisfaction in banking sector, few researchers have actually proved it. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to measure the effect of knowledge management practices on employee satisfaction of banking sector in Nepal. In this study, a sample of 385 respondents was selected randomly from four different types of financial institutions of Kathmandu, Nepal. Statistical analysis was done to draw the conclusion. The results clearly showed that components of KM process (KM obtaining, KM organizing & KM applying) had positive relation with the organizational performance measured in terms of employee satisfaction.

Abstract: There has been increasing drug and alcohol abuse in Kenya with the associated adverse consequences. As a result, there has been increase in the establishment of treatment and rehabilitation services and demand for the same to assist abusers in recovery and avoid relapse. However, despite the availability and demand of these services, there has also been a simultaneous increase in the relapse cases. This casts doubt on the effectiveness of the existing treatment and rehabilitation services in meeting the ever-increasing number of admitted cases. This study sought to establish the preparedness of alcoholic in coping with the risks that predispose one to relapse assess the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation services in addressing alcohol relapse in selected centers in Nairobi, Kenya. This study adopted ex post facto research design. The target population was all the relapse cases in the 14 rehabilitation centers registered by NACADA in Nairobi. A random sample of 109 alcoholics and 8 counselors drawn from 4 purposively selected rehabilitation centers were involved in the study. Data was collected through administration of two sets of self-structured questionnaires to the selected respondents. The questionnaires were piloted to validate and test its reliability before the actual data collection. The data was then processed and analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 for Windows. The results of study have shown that relapse was influenced by the interaction of past-risks within the individual and environmental situations and level of preparedness to cope with these past-risks to resist drinking.