UV spectroscopy shows that dextromethorphan, guaifenesin and caffeine bind to ferrous gluconate, causing their spectra to shift. From this change, it is calculated that the binding energy is in the order of caffeine > guaifenesin ≈ dextromethorphan. This is consisternt with the electrochemical/potentiometric data obtained in a previous study which detected electrons emitted from these drug-iron complexes if they were irradiated by UV light or connected to solutions having different electrochemical potentials. Based on the result of this study, ferrous gluconate is more useful for the rapid screening of the drug-heme or drug-iron interactions in biological/pharmacological systems than free (unbound) iron. It may also find utility in energy production, bio-sensing and photo-electronics.

Education is critical for the development of any country the world over. Countries have been striving at improving what is considered quality education for the purpose of realizing the benefits of such education. In Tanzania it is a prerequisite for the heads of department to have a master degree. This paper therefore expounds the relevance of master degree program in local government council of Tanzania with a focus on Mbeya city and Mbeya district councils. It is a mixed methods study, which utilizes interview, documentation, experiential and observation as the major information collection tools. The analysis of information has observed descriptive strategy, which apprehends logical reasoning through systemic thinking. It is a multi-case study which includes the two districts which are Mbeya city and Mbeya district coucil. Thirty workers have been subjected in the study. 15 workers from each council who hold a master degree participated in the study. Hence, the total sample was 30. This was 100 percent of the workers with master degree at the headquarters of each council. Percentiles and relevant analytical tools have been used to provide required information for consumption of the entire continent through analysis. The paper concludes that 96% of the interviewed indicated that the programs they studied could not help them in improving their work at the councils. The findings further reveal that what they have gained is the status quo of being seen educated and thus being able to maintain the positions as heads of department and or candidates for being nominated as heads of department. We therefore suggest that it is imperative for the turnaround on the programs we teach at university levels for the purpose of providing relevant knowledge which provides answers to the problems we face in our societies.

Malaria is a mosquito born disease caused by protozoa belonging to family Plasmodium. According to the WHO, involvement of liver in Plasmodium falciparum is not an uncommon feature and presence of jaundice (bilirubin ≥ 3 mg/dl) is one of the signs of malaria. Involvement of liver in malaria is a common feature and may manifest as jaundice, hepatomegaly & elevated liver enzymes like aspartate & alanine transferase. Detection of malaria positive cases and correlation of all malaria positive cases with Liver Function Test (LFT). The study was performed on 100 malaria positive patients. Collection of blood sample was done by venipuncture under aseptic conditions in the EDTA vial for the diagnosis of malaria and in the plain vial to perform liver function test. Malaria was diagnosed by the microscopy of PBS. The LFT was performed using auto analyzer and Erba diagnostic kit, according to manufacturer instructions. Out of 100 malaria positive patients total 70 (70%) patients were found having liver function test deranged while rest 30 (30%) patients were having normal liver function test. 48 (48%) patients showed deranged level of Total bilirubin, 59 (59%) patients showed deranged level of deranged level of SGOT, 57 (57%) patients showed deranged level of SGPT while deranged level of ALP is showed by 34 (34%) patients. Liver dysfunction in malarial infection ranged from mild elevation of liver enzymes and serum bilirubin (≥ 3 mg/dl) to acute hepatitis. It indicates severe illness with high frequency of complications and mortality rates and P. falciparum malaria is more effective to cause hepatic dysfunction that P. vivax malaria.

Emotional intelligence (EQ) plays a vital role in psychological and social adjustment of individuals. Present study was designed to make analysis of the facet of EQ in context of differently able employees. The main objectives of this study is to measure EQ level of differently able employees, to investigate the role of employees demographic variations of age, education, experience and income is determining their index of EQ. Baron emotional inventory developed by Baron was used to measure the EQ, it has 133 items and 5 subscales named as interpersonal skills, intrapersonal skills, Stress control, Adoptability and General mood and manner. A simple random sample of 50 employees was taken from Govt. and public sectors. Among them 39 were male and 11 were female, whose aged ranged from 25 to 50 years. Findings revealed that younger employees have higher EQ as compared to elder employees. It was also revealed that professionally educated empolyees are having low emotional intelligence compared to other categories. Hence, it is concluded from the result that when the level of education increases.

An attempt was made in the present study to test for in vivo Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLT) and molecular docking studies of some newly synthesized 2-substituted 4,6 di chloro 1,3 triazine-chalcone hybrids as potential cytotoxic gents. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in terms of LC50 (lethality concentration). Thirty nauplii were added into three replicates of each concentration of the synthesized compounds. After 24 hours the surviving brine shrimp larvae were counted and LC50 was assessed. Schrodinger Mastero docker was used for insilico molecular docking studies on selected cancer protein Targets. The results drawn from the preliminary studies showed that the compounds TCH-9, 12 and 20, 24 were potent against the brine shrimp with minimum LC50 values of 3.125, and 6.25μg/mL respectively. These findings suggest that the synthesized 1,3,5 triazine chalcone hybrids possess potential cytotoxic activity.

Principal of Madrasah Aliyah Darul Muqimin has a democratic leadership type. It is characterized by actions that absorb the aspirations of his subordinates, firm in the act and make decisions, and to accommodate all its forces objectively. One of the headmaster tasks would provide an assessment of the performance of teachers. Teachers are required to prepare in the scope of the pedagogic and professional competence. Among the aspects of competence in question is the activity of designing, implementing, which includes the first activities, main and end, also carrying out the process of formative and summative evaluation. The main problem will be discuss in this paper is how the Role of Principal in Improving Teacher Performance at Madrasah Aliyah Darul Muqimin. This research is descriptive qualitative that using case study approach, explanation give by using descriptive analytic study, reinforced with inductive thinking and understanding of theory, and analysis of quantitative data to explain certain phenomena and aspects. Principal should be able to push the performance of teachers by demonstrating a friendly, close, and full consideration to the teachers, both as individuals and as a group. Positive behavior of Principal can encourage, guide, and motivate all citizens of madrasah to cooperate in realizing the vision, mission, and goals of madrasah.

Legibility and accuracy are the key features of every handwritten prescription. Large number of medication errors and even death of patients may occur due to illegible prescriptions. The present study was undertaken to assess the handwritten O.P.D. prescriptions of a tertiary care Medical College and Hospital in India, focusing the aspects of legibility and accuracy. For this study, scanned copies of 1268 O.P.D prescriptions were taken from hospital pharmacy over a period of 6 months (Feb 2015 to July 2015) and analyzed. Results were expressed in percentages. About 98% prescriptions scored 3 and 2% prescriptions scored 4.There was no prescription with miss-spelt drug names. Formulations and drug strengths were not mentioned in 11.1% and 7% of cases respectively. Abbreviations of names of medicines were written by 11% of prescribers. Seventy nine percent of prescribers preferred to use archaic terminology. Twenty percent of the prescribers did not put the leading zero where applicable and only 4% of the prescribers used capital letter. Generation of an error-free and legible prescription requires adequate care and attention about the multiple components which affect the legibility and accuracy of prescriptions. E-prescribing and computerized documentation may eliminate errors in prescribing.

We describe a case of calciphylaxis in a 54 years old man known Diabetes Type II, Hypertensive and post cadaveric transplant in the year 2000. Patient became hemodialysis dependent after the diagnosis of calciphylaxis was confirmed. Patient was treated with sodium thiosulfate in addition to intensive wound care. The pathology of the calciphylaxis is poorly understood and an effective treatment is not yet well established. Our observation in this case report that sodium thiosulfate failed to show response probably due to the fact that patient has multifactorial risk factors to associate with calciphylaxis before patient deteriorate and passed away four weeks after the diagnosis of calciphylaxis

This study was design to examine the role of parenting style and gender on assertiveness among students at Bahir Dar University. To meet this objective, the researcher drew 100 out of 379 student populations who were pursuing their study in 2007 E.C. 59 male and 41 female students selected as the sample participants of the study using stratified random sampling technique. The data were analyzed through mean, standard deviation, and three- way- ANOVA. The result revealed that there is no significant mean difference that observed between students’ level of assertiveness in second and third year students. The study also revealed that there is no significant difference in students’ assertiveness and sex. In addition, the study revealed that there is no statistical mean difference in assertiveness scores across four parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive/ indulgent and neglectful). The study suggested that it is advisable to aware Parents of students on how to improve their children assertiveness and socially responsible behavior. This can be conducted by media channel, Non-governmental organizations so as to bring more advanced assertiveness on each generation. This should be consolidated by (i.e. teachers, principals, supervisors, union of parents – students- and teachers, and guidance and counseling officers, instructors and other concerned bodies in and out of university.

World is facing a crisis in human health resources due to a critical shortage of health workers. Despite of many trained health care professionals our health care system is struggling to provide optimum services to the patients. Gaps still exist with respect to patient care, which are unevenly delivered. The data collected from 228 subjects reveals that only 7.01% of the subjects have received counseling always, 59.65% think that counseling should be given and only 41.66% are satisfied with current health care system while 56.57% are not satisfied. Our study shows that there is a huge burden on health care professionals due to a high number of the patient load which leads to the hindrance in optimum patient care and finally leads to the degradation in the quality of health care services. Now time has approached when the term task shifting should be taken seriously especially in the health care sectors. Pharmacists, an ignored profession in the health care sector have a crucial role for optimum patient care. It is the demand of the scenario that pharmacist should be taken as a key role player between the patient and prescriber. A proper communication between the patient and prescriber can be established only if all health care professionals will start working to assist each other not to compete with each other

This research aimed at investigating the correlation between linguistic intelligence, and having Obsessivecompulsive disorder and the differences in linguistic intelligence due to differences in gender, as well as knowing the effect of interaction between gender and linguistic intelligence on having Obsessive-compulsive disorder. The sample consisted of (200) individuals; (100) of them having Obsessive-compulsive disorder, the other (100) individuals were normal people. Age for the two groups ranged between (20-39) years and they were selected by the purposive sampling method. The researcher used the OCD Scale and the Linguistic Intelligence Scale. The collected data were analyzed using the following tools: Point-Biserial Correlation coefficient, T-test, two-way ANOVA test. The results of this research were; there were correlations between linguistic intelligence and having an Obsessive-compulsive disorder, there are no statistically significant differences between males and females in linguistic intelligence, and there is statistically significant interaction between gender and linguistic intelligence which has effect on Obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Our Earth is becoming increasingly urbanized and the provision of urban service delivery cannot meet the urgent needs of these rapidly growing new population. The consequence of this has led to urbanization of poverty, hence, the study assessed urban service delivery and the priority needs of urban poor. The data used for the study were collected through the administration of 850 copies of a well structured questionnaire. The Stratified Random Sampling technique was used in the analyses. ANOVA statistical method was used to test the set hypothesis and it was revealed that there were significant variations in service delivery and the priority needs of the people. For example, the following service delivery were termed significant at 100%, 100%,95%, 98.5% and 100% levels for education, water supplies, roads provision, electricity supplies and health facilities respectively. The study concludes that the provision of necessary social infrastructure in the State should increase to meet with the high level of urbanization and that the provision should be based on Community Driven Development approach since those who care most about reducing poverty are the poor people themselves.

Guaifenesin is an expectorant and it is use to treat cough and congestion caused by the common cold, bronchitis, and breathing illness. The drug is official in Indian Pharmacopoiea, British Pharmacopoeia, and United States Pharmacopoeias. This article reviews the different analytical methods available for detection of Guaifenesin alone and in combination from various pharmaceutical formulations. They are many analytical techniques have been reported for simultaneous estimation of Guaifenesin and its combined pharmaceutical dosage form but only fewer methods have been reported for estimation of Guaifenesin alone. Some of those techniques are UV spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS), gas chromatography (GC), and ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Amongst, various analytical methods are available for the quantification of single and multicomponent dosage forms

The present research was conducted to investigate the impact of English medium instructions on the dropout rate of students in high schools of Lahore. A total number of 30 Head teachers were selected as sample of study. It was studied that either change in the medium of instruction affects academic achievement of students or not. Survey method was used as a procedure for data collection. A self- developed structured five point likert scale questionnaire was used in order to get responses of the head teachers regarding change in the medium of instruction on dropout rates. Content analysis was carried out to analyze the responses. Frequencies showed that the change in the medium of instruction has an impact on students‘ dropout rate. Many previous studies are consisted with the findings of present research. These findings have implications for educational institutions, so that timely counseling could be provided to the students for effective coping with these problems.

Education is a modern word, which is derived from the Latin word 'educase', means to nourish, to cause to grow. Education is the right of every human being regardless of gender, race or region. Female education plays an important role in the societal progress and improvement. Recruitment of more women teachers should be done who can serve as role models for girls and may make girls’ parents feel more comfortable. Providing girls with access to sport can also contribute to achieving gender parity in education. The schools should be protected so that parents will not hesitate to send their daughters to schools. Many girls drop out of school at the onset of menstruation, partly because there are no separate toilet facilities. Many girls are kept at home to help with domestic tasks. A tradition of early marriage, social norms and values undermine the importance of educating girls. Education of a girl is like educating a family while educating a boy is merely educating a person. The aim of this study was to review the literature on attitude of parents towards girl’s education.