HIV/AIDS is a major threat to the lives of young people given that about half of all new HIV infections occur amongst those aged 15-24 years. The AIDS pandemic continues to have a profound effect on families whether deaf or hearing. There is an international HIV/AIDS epidemic affecting Deaf communities in every part of the globe. NYAWERI VCT for the deaf in Western Kenya was established in September 2004 to respond to the needs of deaf people including poor access to information about HIV/AIDS, safe sex, inadequate treatment programmes, and issues such as confidentiality in the community. The purpose of this evaluation was to establish the level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS and risk avoidance practices so far acquired by deaf youth in Nyanza and Western Provinces.

The present research was designed to investigate the gender differences in depression among medical students. The sample was consisted of 500 students (250 male and 250 female) ranging in age from 18 to 26 years. The sample was randomly selected from Nishtar Medical and Dental College Multan. The Beck Depression Inventory BDI-II, [1] was administered to collect the data .The data was analyzed by using Means Standard deviation and t test. The results revealed significant differences between male and female in depression. The results further indicated that female research participants scored high on depression scale as compared to male research participants.

Emotional Intelligence [EI] refers to the ability to perceive, control and evaluate emotions. In this paper, the author has analyzed the emotional intelligence among the B.Ed. student teachers. The objective of the study is to assess the emotional intelligence among the B.Ed. student teachers with respect to the background variables. The sample comprised 360 B.Ed. student teachers studying in B.Ed. colleges from Chennai and Tiruvallur Districts of Tamilnadu. Emotional Intelligence Scale constructed and standardized by Anukool Hyde and Sanjyot Pethe and it was used for the collection of data. The investigator used descriptive analysis, ttest, and F- test for analysis of data. The study results reveals that the most of the student teachers have moderate level of emotional intelligence. Female student teachers have more emotional intelligence compared to male student teachers. It is concluded that there is no significant difference between Tamil and English medium B.Ed. student teachers with regard to overall emotional intelligence. The study reveals that there is no significant difference in overall emotional intelligence with respect to Locality. The Government aided college student teachers have more emotional intelligence compared to their counterparts.

Micro-teaching is a teacher training and faculty development technique whereby the teacher reviews a recording of a teaching session, in order to get constructive feedback from peers and/or students about what has worked and what improvements can be made to their teaching technique. In the original process, a teacher was asked to prepare a short lesson (usually 20 minutes) for a small group of learners who may not have been their own students. This was then recorded on video. After the lesson, the teacher, teaching colleagues, a master teacher and the students together viewed the videotape and commented on what they saw happening, referencing the teacher's learning objectives. Seeing the video and getting comments from colleagues and students provided teachers with an often intense "under the microscope" view of their teaching. Following paper discuss different aspects of microteaching.

Evaluation of teaching is not a science and there is already a considerable body of knowledge discussing these relations about teaching evaluation. There is no simple system for evaluating the quality of faculty teaching in physiotherapy education field. The main objectives of this study was to develop a scale which consists of items seeking an opinion from students on both the clinical and academic areas of the teaching of a physiotherapy teacher and to establish the content construct validity and internal reliability of the components of the scale. Physiotherapy teacher evaluation scale (PhyTES), a self-reported Likert's type scale which consists of 22 items to be attempted by the students to evaluate a physiotherapy teacher. The participants were from Sarvajanik College of physiotherapy, a premier institute affiliated to Veer Narmad South Gujarat University. A principal component analysis was run to establish construct validity of the items in the scale and an item analysis was done to check the reliability of the scale components and its Cronbach's alpha. It was gratifying to note that, the reduction of the items from 22 in the original instrument to 15 in the final version resulted in a significant improvement in reliability, validity or consistency of the scale And the component Factors or dimensions which were extracted from the analysis were named as Academic interest, personal attributes, concern for teaching, time management, and student concern.

This article presents a reflection on the production of biofuel as an economic practice capable of promoting the social inclusion of the family farmer from the development of social entrepreneurship. An analysis of an article and other authors dealing with intersectoriality will be made as an essential element for the strengthening of the individual in society. In the texts consulted we find authors who present a theoretical background on the Brazilian energy matrix, the production of biofuels, Brazilian legislation, intersectoriality and examples that favor the family farmer in the search for their social inclusion through a support network.

This study presents the information and conclusions about numerous tests – destructive and non-destructive – on concrete core specimens. The main focus is made on basic tests namely density test, water absorption test, rebound hammer test, ultrasonic pulse velocity test, and compression test. All test aim to provide us a comprehensive and sufficient data for assessing the „quality‟ and „strength‟ of concrete core specimens. The details all the necessary and essential points commencing from the preparation of core specimens, as per various nationally and internationally accepted design codes for concretes, ranging from procedures of tests, leading to final conclusions and findings of core strength and quality and their correlations. Comparative study of block concrete pavements and in-situ concrete pavements are briefly made and their strengths and quality are assessed. Basic requirements for ideal core dimensions are also explained. Also, two specimen cores from PCCBP (Plastic Cell filled Concrete Block Pavement) were tested for density test and water absorption test. Their inferences are also mentioned in conclusion section of the study.

The land use change has generally occurred locally, regionally and world wide over the last few decades and will carry on in the future as well the land use change has to be evaluated properly using conventional as well as latest techniques of Remaote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) . In order to obtain reliable and latest information on the temporal , spatial and structural change in forest cover and to appreciate the relationship between the current development and its likely impact on land cover / land use and total environment of the region. The variations in the attribution of total area into various specific land cover / use classes have been studied. Satellite images required for estimating land cover are being obtained from earth explorer. The conventional LULC (land use land cover ) map of the study area are obtained by classifying the images of year 2000, 2005,2011 and 2017 using ERDAS IMAGIN 9.2 and Arc GIS. We have devided our area into five different classes i.e. urban, water, agriculture, forest and barren land. Results obtained by analyzing the images shows a drastic increase of built up area, agriculture area and barren land followed by decrease forest area and water area.

Management of PPP project preparation process according to WEF (2013) is quite complex because it involves large team and multiple stakeholders such as ministries, regulatory organs and regulations, engineering firms, banks as well as multiple interfaces between different project functional feasibility studies. It is therefore very important at this stage to put together capable and experienced crossfunctional project team supported by committed political and project leadership in order to achieve a sustainable PPP project preparation process. The main feature of a PPP project preparation process includes; project planning, project coordination and project monitoring. This process according to Adamu et al. (2015) can be cost intensive, therefore the public sector needs to ensure sufficient upfront funding of the entire process. This study is aimed at assessing the effectiveness of road project preparation process in the development of road infrastructure under PPP concession. In order to achieve this aim, the study examined the concept of PPP models for infrastructure development and project preparation process in a PPP framework. Data collection was through administration of well-structured questionnaire on the target population. Data collected were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistic analytical techniques. The study revealed that there is urgent need to review the current Nigeria National Policy on PPP, institutional structure and individual capacity building in the area of PPP project preparation in order to encourage more private sector participation in the drive for provision and development of road infrastructure facility.

Fabrication high performance reverse osmosis (RO) membrane at low cost is necessary in desalination industry. In this paper, we report the use of clay nanoparticles (NPs) to improve RO thin film composite (TFC) membrane. Different concentrations of NPs were embedded into polyamide (PA) active layer of TFC membrane through interfacial polymerization (IP). Results indicated that the membrane impregnated with clay NPs exhibited higher water flux and fouling resistant than the pristine one, and maintained good salt rejection.

The presented study represents the different uses of strain gauge in civil infrastructure. The strain is used to measure load, deformation, resistance and strain at a specific point with strain gauge equipment. This is an experimental procedure used to measure strain by strain gauge equipment. It is more useful in now days to measure loads and deformation. Tremendous techniques and methods are there to measure strain. A gauge is also to prevent for tensile test application. It is most unique technique for beam structure of railway sleepers it carries research at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC).It is most innovative to measure cracks at specific point of structural assesment .it is use to measure `invented by Edward.E.Simmons and Arthur c. Ruge IN 1938 .The most common type of strain gauge consists foil pattern. Strain gauge is capable to measure load cantilever load. This gives the determination of the strain and stress state , and the effect of transverse effect on strain along the fibre. Sheath fold strain gauge as used to measure the strain. A novel long-gauge fiber optic sensor has been developed to measure the averaged strain within a long gauge length. A steel frame is designed to measure the existing pre stressing force in the concrete beams and slabs when embedded inside the concrete members. Strain gauge method to identify structural strain flexibility from long-gauge dynamic strain measurement.

The presented study represents the results of an experimental study handled with developed grouting materials. These experimental studies cover the effects of some mineral Admixtures and chemical admixtures on the characteristics of grout such as compressive strength, bleeding, setting time and viscosity for different curing times. All grout types were prepared under same water/cement ratio. Grout mixtures that 15% of mineral admixtures replaced with cement by weight were prepared. The results showed that grouts produced with silica fume (SF) and metakaolin (MK) in all mixtures were yielded the highest compressive strength at all ages. The all strength tests of fly ash (FA) grout exhibited low values till 28 days of curing time in accordance with reference grout, but a sharp increase was observed after this period. Grouts with perlite (PRL) and blast furnace slag (BFS) showed the similar strength values according to reference grout. Mineral admixtures can be used for high-strength and low cost grout in tunneling applications. In addition, the use of waste materials can contribute to the resolution of environmental problems. Compressive strength obtained by the grout prepared by using styrene butadiene rubber was found 23.644 N/mm2 and 34.793 N/mm2 for 7 and 14 of curing period where compressive strength obtained by the grout prepared by using fly ash was found 20.444 N/mm2 and 31.827 N/mm2 for 7 and 14 days of curing period.

Reports from Saudi Arabia have showed a relationship between patients with oral cancer and a history of smokeless tobacco usage. Thus the aim of this study was to assess the levels of awareness of smokeless tobacco users towards the health effects of smokeless tobacco usage and find out, which are common smokeless products used in Northern and Western Saudi Arabia. This is a descriptive cross sectional study conducted in Northern and Western Saudi Arabia. The study included 420 smokeless tobacco users’ volunteers living in three cities: Tabuk and Hail cities in Northern Saudi Arabia and Makkah in the Western Saudi Arabia. Out of 420 respondents, only 198 (47.2%) heard something about the health consequences of smokeless tobacco use and the remaining 222(52.8%) were completely ignored the health effects resulting from smokeless tobacco use. With regard to the smokeless tobacco type, the most common was Toombak followed by Shamma, Afdhal and Nashoog representing 127(3.2%), 65(15.5%), 64(15.2%), 44(10.4%) and 33(7.8%) in this order. Different forms of smokeless tobacco are prevalent in Saudi Arabia. Since most of the users were non-Saudi workers, work places may serve as an effective platform to deliver targeted strategies aimed at smokeless tobacco cessation.

The aim of this investigation was to explores the dental specialties and availability of rubber dam facilities among private dental clinics in Al-Kharj city, Saudi Arabia. This was completed by in-person investigation of all private dental clinics in Al-Kharj city, recording the number of dental professionals, their specialties, status of their authorization, and the availability of rubber dam facilities within each clinic. One hundred and six dentists were distributed between 100 clinics in 28 centers. General dental practitioners (GDPs) were the most of them (84%). Only 10 out of the total of 14 orthodontists were authorized to practice orthodontic treatment. Rubber dam was available in only five centers. Lack of various dental specialties in Al-Kharj city was noted. The GDPs should not practice dental procedures which are not included in their job description and duty. Low rubber dam availability indicating the underuse of them which would affect the quality of dental treatment.

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of progesterone antagonist, Mifepristone in perimenopausal women in decreasing the severity of symptoms like menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain and urinary symptoms, in decreasing the fibroid volume and uterine volume, in improving the hemoglobin percentage, in increasing the endometrial thickness, to look for the side effects profile and to look for the effects which were present at the end of treatment persisted during post treatment follow up. It is a prospective and interventional study done among the perimenopausal women with symptomatic fibroid uterus who came to the Gynecological OPD in Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad for a period of one and half year in a sample size of 50 patients. After taking a detailed menstrual history and calculating Pictorial Blood loss Assessment Chart (PBAC) score for menorrhagia and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for dysmenorrhea and abdominal pain, baseline fibroid and uterine volumes, haemoglobin percentage and endometrial thickness were noted and endometrial biopsy was done when endometrial thickness crossed≥8mm. The drug mifepristone 25 mg was given orally for a period of 3 months.