The roots of Ipomea involucrate (IP) and Rauvolfia vomitoria (RV) and the leaves of Milletia aboensis (MA) are reportedly used for the treatment of mental illness. This study investigated the anticonvulsant potentials of these plants. Ethanolic crude extracts of IP and RV (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw, ip) and MA (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw, ip) were administered to respective groups of mice (n=6). The positive control group received 30mg/kg bw, ip of Carbamazepine, while negative control group received 1% DMSO (vehicle). After 30 min, epilepsy was induced by injection of 4-Aminopyrydine (4-AP) (15mg/kg bw ip). They were observed for the next 30min. The ability of the extracts to delay the onset of trembling, hindlimb extension, seizure, and protect from death as compared to the untreated group was taken as a sign of anticonvulsant activity. Ethanolic crude extracts of MA, RV and IP possess anticonvulsant potencies in the order -MA>RV>IP; with MA protecting two-thirds of animals against death from 4-AP-induced seizures. The plant extracts have the potentials of tackling generalized tonic-clonic and partial seizures. MA and RV may exert their effects by acting on ion channels while IP is most likely to act via other mechanisms

The aim of the study was to determine the antibacterial activity of pure Bacopa monnieri extract on periodontopathogenic bacteria; Porphyromonas gingivalis(Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Fusobacteria nucleatum (Fn) & Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) and Time kill curve assay were performed to assess the antibacterial effect of both ethanolic and aqueous extract of pure bacopa monnieri against periodontopathogenic bacteria by serial dilution method and colony forming units respectively. MIC values of ethanolic extract were in a range of 25-100 µg/ml for Pi, Fn and Pg and Aa showed a value of 0.8 µg/ml whereas the MIC values of aqueous extracts were in a range of 50-100 µg/ml and that of Aa was 0.4 µg/ml. The time kill curve showed a fast and sharp antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract over Pi, Fn and Aa at baseline (0 min) whereas Pg showed no growth of colonies at 2 hours.The ethanolic and aqueous extract of Bacopa monnieri exhibited durable antibacterial activity on common periodontogenic bacteria.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive loss and damage of articular cartilage. Increased collagenase activity has a direct impact in the cleavage of type II collagen in osteoarthritis. Somatic mutations such as non-synonymous single nucleotide variants (nsSNVs) in coding regions have a role in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases including OA. Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) is a critical target gene in the progression of osteoarthritis. Liver injury and regeneration have both been linked to MMP-13 gene expression. Analysis of MMP-13 gene was conducted using online bioinformatics tool, COSMIC and nsSNVs contributing to possible accumulation events that leads to osteoarthritic phenotypes were identified. The most frequently occurring missense mutation was found to be p.T280M; threonine to methionine that showed gain in function. Moreover, to get insight into the effect of mutation on protein structure and drug binding, MMP-13 three-dimensional structure was analyzed through COSMIC 3D. Structural analyses revealed amino acid substitutions located in hemopexin (HPX) domain. Hemopexin domains are thought to be required in the activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) via increased activation of pro enzyme and thus, increased collagen hydrolysis. Therefore, there may be a possibility to modify enzyme activity through antagonist molecules targeted to such alternative enzyme domains. For this reason possible drug binding sites were also identified using COSMIC 3D. An understanding of the mechanisms of activation of procollagenases is important to prevent cartilage destruction and could be utilized for the rational design of novel MMP-13 inhibitors.

In the State of Qatar, the intense and rapid urban development based on hosting upcoming mega events, as envisioned by Qatar‟s National Vision (QNV- 2030), have raised concern about community stability as it faces modernization in both physical and social aspects. A declining sense of community amid has been associated with interactions within urban amenities and form that trigger social problems, diminish a community‟s well-being and delay development. The integration of a community within the urban physical realm contributes to the development of sustainable communities. The research study aims to identify major urban concepts that contribute to resilience in both socio economic and demographic context. Qualitative community sustainability is investigated in Al-Wakrah city neighborhood through site visits, observation and interviews in order to establish a measure for urban characteristics that are catalysts for sustainable community development in future urban planning decisions.

This study was designed for comparative evaluation of phytochemical, proximate, vitamins and mineral nutrient composition of leaf, stem, and root of two medicinal plants- Ipomea involucrata (IP) and Milletia aboensis (MA) - used for the treatment of mental illness in Southern Nigeria. Result of phytochemical screening reveals the presence of alkaloids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, deoxy sugars and resins in all parts of both plants while flavonoids, anthraquinones tannins, terpenes and steroids were unevenly distributed. Organic matter content of all parts of IP and MA fell within a narrow range or 90-99 %. Crude fat was significantly higher (p ˂ 0.05) in both stem and roots than leaves of IP, whereas in MA it was significantly higher (p ˂ 0.05) in leaves than stem and root. Crude protein content of stem and root of IP were similar and about double (and significantly higher (p ˂ 0.05)) than that of the leaves whereas for MA, similar value for leaves was significantly higher than those for stem and root. Vitamins A and E, Fe, Mg, P, Na, K, and Ca, were found in appreciable amounts in all parts of IP and MA. The result of this study has provided both phytochemical and nutritional evidence for the pharmacological roles assigned for the plants and a guide for effective combination of respective plant parts in treatment. It recommends the use of the whole plant of IP for maximum benefit

The Fibonacci sequence is famous because it’s have amazing and great properties. In this study, we prove some of the interesting properties which include the relations between Fibonacci numbers and (9, 19, 29). And we found a lot of connections between them.

This study, which examines the productivity of Lagoon cattle farms located on the islands at risk of flooding in the municipality of Sô-Ava in the Oueme river valley in southern Benin, took place between November and December 2016. It concerns 95 farms of bovine Lagoon distributed on the various islands of the Municipality. These operations have a total of 2496 head of Lagoon cattle herds. It aims to compare the demographic parameters obtained on the different islands during the last year and that of 2010 where the island experienced a flood. Data were collected from a 12-month retrospective survey (12MO). The annual demographic parameters (annual rate, calving, abortion, stillbirth, mortality, annual net growth, annual exploitation rate and annual rate of multiplication) were calculated and analyzed under software R3.3.2. Thanks to the t12mo package. Except for the mortality rate, there were no significant changes in reproductive rates (p> 0.05) regardless of the herd of residence of the herds. The annual mortality rate was significantly higher (p <0.05) on the Dekanmey, Houedo and Sô-Ava islands compared to that of the Ahomey Lokpo island (0.124, 0.142, 0.113, vs 0.071an-1). The year had a significant effect on the demographic parameters (p <0.05) as well as on the overall demographic indicators obtained. Implementation of a resilient model to climate shocks would be an incentive for the sustainable management of these farms.

Abstract: Glass fibers find use in automotive, building, marine, wood and numerous other industries, reaching 5 million tons annual consumption, mainly comprising the reinforcing phase in polymers. The high amount of industrial demand have also caused an increasing research interest for their recovery, recycle and reuse as solid waste treatment and utilization for cost effective and environmentally friendly production processes. In this study, the effects of matrix/fibers ratio on the mechanical and physical properties of glass fiber reinforced composites were investigated. The properties of polyesters were compared with the reinforced polyester. The microstructure of the composites was characterized by SEM-SE technique. It was determined that with the increasing glass fibers content, the flexural and impact strength were reduced, while the flexural modulus and hardness were enhanced and the total porosity was increased.

Abstract: The study examines the relationship between female teachers’ self-efficacy and their aspiration for leadership positions in public primary schools in Kericho County, Kenya. Although more women today are joining the teaching profession, a gender gap in leadership in favour of men persists in primary schools in Kenya. Notably, women hold less than 20% of all leadership positions in primary schools in Kericho County. It is founded on the Theory of planned behaviour and the Model of Administrative Career Mobility, from which a conceptual framework was formulated. A mixed method design was utilized. A survey questionnaire and an interview schedule were used to collect data. The study population consisted of all 461 public primary schools in Kericho County. The study employed stratified and simple random sampling techniques to sample 327 female teacher respondents from the target population. Female senior teachers and deputy head teachers were purposively sampled from the sample of schools. This study employed the concurrent triangulation strategy to analyse and interpret data. Descriptive techniques, One-Way Analysis of Variance, the Pearson Product Moment correlation and regression analysis were used to analyse the quantitative data. The qualitative data obtained from the interviews were transcribed, organized into categories, sub categories and themes, and presented in prose form. The study established a significant positive relationship between self-efficacy of the female teacher and their leadership aspiration with a coefficient of 0.373 at p-value of 0.05, accounting for 14% of the variability in leadership aspiration. The study recommends the development of programs for enhancing the access of female teachers to leadership positions in primary schools in light of their high aspiration for leadership. The study also contributes to the body of literature on women in educational leadership in Kenya.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the dietary practices and nutrition status of adult pulmonary TB patients attending Nyeri County Referral Hospital, Kenya. The study adopted a cross-sectional analytical design. A sample of 135 participants was calculated using the modified Fisher Formula. The study targeted adult pulmonary TB patients attending TB Clinic. A structured questionnaire and a focus group discussion guide were used to collect data. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. About 48.1% of the participants were underweight while 45.9% were normal and 3.7% were overweight. Chi-square tests showed significant relationships between gender (χ2 = 10.917, p=0.012), age (χ2 = 12.261, p=0.046) and income (χ2 15.584, = p=0.036) were significant to nutrition status among the socio-demographic characteristics. Pearson correlation analysis showed a weak relationship (r=0.173, p=0.045) between number of meals per day and nutrition status of TB patients. The study concluded that adult pulmonary TB patients attending Nyeri county referral hospital had poor dietary practices, which led to poor nutrition status. The study recommended that food assistance programs should be strengthened by the government in conjunction with non-governmental organizations to help in mitigating increased vulnerability to food insecurity among TB-affected households.

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation among organizational culture, work motivation, and library satisfaction at State Universities in Jambi Province. The quantitave approach used in this study with survey method conducted at two university libraries in Jambi Province. Proportional sampling was used in which 206 from 2446 undergraduate students as library users fullfilled written questionnaire. Multiple regression continued with determinationanalysis were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that organizational culture and work motivation are significantly correlated with library user satisfaction either partially or simultaneously. To sum up, all hypotheses were accepted.This study implies that library satisfaction service can be achieved through creating organizational culture and work motivation. The better implementation in organizational cultureand work motivation can create higher library users’ satisfaction.

Abstract: This paper is an analysis of articles 32 (freedom of conscience, religion, belief and opinion), articles 33 (freedom of expression) and article 34 (freedom of media) under Chapter 4 (Bill of Rights) of the Constitution of Kenya. The aim is to identify international human rights instruments from which these articles’ provisions were borrowed and domesticated. The questions to be answered are: (1) Which international human rights instruments contain provisions similar to articles 32, 33 and 34 of the Constitution of Kenya? (2) What are the exceptions when trying to claim the right to these freedoms? (3) What is the role of media in entrenching these freedoms and provisions? In addition (4), what are some cases in Kenya that relate to these provisions or their violations and how has media handled them? This being an analytical paper, the data collection was based on archival records (of media reports and investigative documentaries) where the main document is the constitution of Kenya. The Inter-pretivist approach is used to get sense and meaning of the selected articles of the constitution of Kenya. The paper demonstrates that the Kenyan constitution is a hybrid of various IHR instruments making it among the best law of the land, especially on the bill of rights. Like any other bill of rights provisions, the KBR has limitations that individuals and institutions need to understand in order to enjoy the provisions of the analyzed articles. It was also demonstrated that the media has the highest obligation, as a cultural institution to not only inform and educate the populace about the constitution but more on advocating for the adherence of the provisions by state organs and other institutions in the land as demonstrated by especially investigative reports of human rights violations in Kenya.

Abstract: The study examines the dynamics of help seeking strategies among battered women in spousal relationships in Nakuru West Sub County, Kenya. This research was motivated by the verity that even though wife battering has for long been recognized as not only a health hazard but also a grave violation of human rights, it continues to be prevalent in many families. Two theories; Battered Women Syndrome Theory and Survivor Theory guided the study. Snowball and purposive sampling methods were used to identify the sample size required. A qualitative research methodology employing an Interview Schedule, Focus Group Discussions and Key Informants Guides was employed as the tools of data collection and data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study found that (80.0%) of the battered women do not always seek help. This study recommends social solutions to wife battering because findings conclude that it is a social problem. The study also recommends that policies to curb battering be more stringent in order to deal with the menace thereby empowering women who are key pillars to family welfare and by extension stable society.

Abstract: This paper examines the likelihood of efficiency given stability in a competitive market (banking system). Apparently, a financial crisis emanates from instability and inefficiency in the financial system(s) wherein the banking system is a key institution. Therefore, our concern geared towards maintaining both stability and efficiency in the banking system to avoid global financial crisis (contagion effect) using Bayesian Techniques. We deciphered a 1-1 mapping between the stability & efficiency indexes. We also discovered variant forms of relationships existing between stability and efficiency indexes (scores). Our findings identified levels of Stability that are highly predictive of certain levels of efficiency. Sequel to these findings we recommend contingent planning; which makes plans considering possible actions, consequences, and objectives towards achieving the desired levels of stability and efficiency in the system.

Abstract: The number seven mentioned in many religions, also it’s the lucky number for others. 7 is that the solely dimension, besides the acquainted three, within which a vector are often outlined. Seven is that the lowest number that can't be painted because the total of the squares of 3 integers. In the present article, we endeavors to shed light on the mathematical relationships, that shows the relationship between numbers 6, 7 and with the different ranks, consisting of the one digit or two digits and so on if we repeater to make it consist of six digits or its double- digit all of them are divisible by 7.