Workplace stress is one of the most challenging issues in many institutions. Recently due to the competitive nature of many institutions in this global age, employers have placed more demands on employees work especially in the private educational sector. This has brought excessive pressure which is beyond employees‟ abilities and their capacity hence inhibiting individual functioning, productivity and performance. The increase level of this stress has led to a change in the behavior of employees and their attachment with the work. Stress is therefore seen to be detrimental to the health of employees, health of organization and its performance. This research examines the studies on workplace stress and its effects on performance and how these effects can be managed in the organization. The objective of the research was to identify the stressors at the workplace, to examine the effect of workplace stressors on employees‟ performance and lastly, to identify strategies used in handling stress at the workplace. Both primary and secondary data collection method were used. The total population for the study was 100 and the sample size used was 50 whereas systematic sampling technique was employed. It was found that workload, longer working hours, not designing job to meet employees strength, weakness and their pressure point were workplace stressors. It was recommended that the management needs to know the employees strength, weakness and their pressure point, balancing work life, with better social support in order to reduce stress and to improve performance.

In this theoretical investigation, a mathematical model is developed to study the effect of multiple stenoses on flow characteristics of streaming blood through the atherosclerotic artery. The Bingham plastic fluid model of blood has been utilized in the study to represent the non-Newtonian character of blood. The geometry of the asymmetric shape of the stenosis assumed to be manifested in the arterial segment is given due consideration in the analysis. An extensive quantitative analysis is performed through numerical computations on flow resistance, wall shear stress and their variations are presented graphically for different stenotic and other rheological parameters. It is observed that the stenotic and physical parameters have considerable effect in the flow behaviour. Some important observations having medical interest on the flow of blood in the stenosed arteries are presented. The investigation bears the potential to explore a variety of information regarding some phenomenological aspects of the physiological problem. The output of the investigation may provide supplementary support to the physician in the treatment of the fatal disease.

The operational status of a hydropower dam is described as either satisfactory or unsatisfactory. The ability of existing and proposed hydropower dams to operate satisfactorily under wide range of possible future demands and hydrologic conditions is an important system characteristic that can be assessed by estimating the reliability (the probability that a system will remain in a non-failure state), resilience (the ability of a system to return to non-failure state after a failure has occurred) and vulnerability (the likely damage of a failure event) of the system. The main sources of the data and other useful information for this research were previous research works, government documents, bulletins and gazettes from hydropower related ministries, agencies and organizations. Desktop analysis was carried out to estimate the water requirement to generate power by various combinations of units at the Jebba hydroelectric dam. Linear programming was used to obtain the monthly reservoir releases that maximized annual total energy generation. Both monthly and annual simulations were carried out using the operation policies from the LP optimization algorithm and the generated inflow series. Duration of the failure event (d(j)), the total number of failure events (M) and the deficit volume of the failure event (v(j)) were obtained from the simulation processes and used to evaluate the reliability, resilience and vulnerability of the Jebba dam. The results obtained showed that the performance of Jebba hydropower dam when three or more units are in use is generally poor. The reliability obtained over the period of historical record varied from 0.024 for six units to 0.994 for one unit in use. Reliability based on the optimized operation policy was not less than 60% and was as high as77%. The resilience was 0.292 and vulnerability was 3298.19 Mm3 at 60% reliability. These results confirm that the operational status of the dam can be improved by adopting real time reservoir release policies obtained by optimization of the reservoir operation.

Groundwater is a natural resource that is of immense importance to life and its characteristics are greatly determined by the properties of the immediate geologic formations. Generally, the development of groundwater resource involves three main stages: exploration, evaluation and exploitation. This study focuses on the evaluation stage, which generally encompasses measurement of hydrologic parameters, and estimation of aquifer yield. The analysis of pumping test data collected for 17 wells spread across Kogi state was used to determine the hydraulic parameters of the aquifers within the study area. Transmissivity values ranged from 0.751 – 8.92 m2/day, hydraulic conductivity ranged from 0.0867–1.33 m/day, pumping rates ranged from 1.13 – 8 l/s, while the borehole depths ranged from 11.3 – 202 m. Groundwater maps of the hydraulic parameters were also developed for the study area. These results show that the aquifers within the study area can provide between 5000 to 40,000 litres of water per day. The aquifers can therefore serve as sustainable and dependable sources of water all year round with sufficient water to meet the domestic needs in many small rural communities of Kogi state.

A single cylinder, 4-stroke spark ignition engine type Prodit; fueled with supplementary Natural gas to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) was used in this paper to investigate the emitted CO pollutants. The effect of equivalence ratio, spark ignition timing, engine speed, and the added NG volumetric ratio on CO emissions were tested experimentally. The study outcomes revealed that CO levels depend mainly on the equivalence ratio, as the maximum value of CO concentrations existed at the very rich equivalence ratios and it low at lean side. Retarding spark timing increased the CO concentrations by a significant percentage. The CO levels became higher at high speeds and reduced at medium speeds. Increasing natural gas volumetric ratio in the mixture caused a reduction in CO levels.

The study aimed to determine the radioactivity concentration and radiological assessment in Soil samples around Abu Jubayha, Eastern Nuba Mountains was made by gamma spectrometry technique equipped with NaI (Tl). The result of activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were varied from 23.58 ±7.86 (18.02-29.14), 36.14 ± 5.17 (32.48 -39.79) and 381.88± 127.43 (291.78 - 417.99) Bqkg-1 respectively. Absorbed dose rate and annual effective dose were estimated to evaluate radiological hazards and were varied from 39.47±8.6 (33.38-45.55) nGyh- 1and 38.43±10.56 (40.97-55.9)µSvy-1, respectively .Upon comparing the results with global data, they were found to be within the recommended limits. The result will be serving as a base line for future studies. GIS apocalyptic map was originated and has shown that there were some hot spots with high activity distribution and concentrations of the measured radionuclide and similarly Dose Rate.

Abstract: It is always important to determine distribution of insurance claims in order to estimate future expected values. This study seeks to determine the normality fit to the population data of health insurance. Secondary data collected from Dormaa Municipal Health Insurance Scheme and Dormaa Presbyterian Hospital was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), Excel spreadsheet, and Easy fit. It was found that the population data submitted by 28 health facilities to Dormaa Municipal Health Insurance Scheme follows normal distribution.

Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the bandgap energy, lattice constants, optical confinement factor, and physical properties of InGaN based quantum well lasers for 1.55 µm applications. Linear interpolation between the experimentally determined values of InN and GaN is used to calculate the lattice constants and the composition of the composite InGaN for the desired bandgap energy. Solving the Schrödinger equation in conjunction with k.p method and Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian matrix operator, the band profiles are calculated for the quantum well structure. First, the probability distribution is calculated, later which describes the electron density in the quantum well, and a value of 10-18 cm-3 is found from the calculations. In addition, the energies of conduction and valence bands are clearly demonstrated, and the corresponding heavy and light holes states are examined clearly. Determination of these parameters is of immense important for the microstructural fabrication, laser pumping power requirements, and practical applicability of the proposed laser structure.

Abstract: This paper centred on the utilization of electronic resources on Islamic Studies in Nigerian Universities. The paper highlighted the types and importance of electronic resources in teaching and learning of Islamic Studies. It discussed the challenges faced by staff and students in the utilization of such resources. Possible solutions to the challenges were proffered. This is followed by conclusion and recommendations.

Abstract: Ocular drug delivery to the scientists is a fascinating field because of challenges and exquisite barriers encountered in the ocular milieu. Till now, non-invasive approaches in ocular delivery are not yet successful with respect to intervention/treatment of long term ocular diseases. In spite of adverse effects with invasive techniques, they have been demonstrated promise in the treatment of sight threatening complications. The use of intravitreal injections or intraocular implants is gaining momentum with paramount progress in design, safety and efficacy from last two decades. Various intravitreal injections and ocular implants were developed with a wide array of therapeutic application potentials targeting drug localization for an extended period of time. Miniaturization of implants for their direct injection eliminating surgical process is currently being explored. In this review, various modalities comprising these invasive techniques targeting posterior ocular tissues namely retina and vitreous humor are summarized.

The important role played by entrepreneur as an agent of economic transformation in every civilized society is mostly visible in terms of employment and wealth generation, competitiveness and economic strength of a modern nation. There is growing evidence to support the view that when people were exposed entrepreneurship trainings and education programs, they tend to be more inclined towards entrepreneurial actions, and sometimes even become more effective as entrepreneurs. The current economic realities in many developing economies have unavoidably forced policy makers and the academics to place very high priority on developing entrepreneurial skills and knowledge through education. This paper attempts to give a critical review of various literatures and related studies on entrepreneurial competencies and shows how these competencies can be relevant and critical for lecturers teaching entrepreneurship courses in higher learning institutions. Based on the reviewed related literatures in the study, it was discovered that lecturers must possess some basic entrepreneurial competencies for effective teaching to their students as well as to develop students‟ entrepreneurial skills and knowledge which are considered necessary for new venture management and new venture creation. Three competencies that found to be very important for entrepreneurship lecturers are; entrepreneurial knowledge, skills and attitudes. It recommended that this area of research should be broadened and lecturers should develop their own competencies so that students aspiring in entrepreneurship can be aware of them which can have greater chances in their entrepreneurial success.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws represents a widely studied pathology. Moreover, some cases of ONJ related to the use of Denosumab have also been described recently. Denosumab is a human monoclonal antibody. It is bound with high affinity and specificity to nuclear factor kappa beta activating factor ligand (RANKL) and prevents Rank activation with reduction bone reabsorption. However, medium and long term effects of this drug are not unknown yet. The main goal of the present report is twofold. First, we point out the serious complications that these drugs might provoke. Second, we describe four cases of Denosumab related ONJ in order to expand the knowledge about the proper management of this rare complication.

The purpose of this study was to assess the general perception about TVET, and its contribution to socioeconomic status in preparatory school students of Amhara Regional State. To attain this objective descriptive survey research method was employed. The subjects of the study were 226 preparatory school students of five selected districts. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the target schools, while simple random sampling techniques were employed to select the sample preparatory students. To gather the necessary data questionnaires and interview were used; the gathered information was analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative method of data analysis. The liner regression was used to determine if there are significant relationship between the perception and contribution to socio economic status. The results of the study shows that there was significant relationship between perception and contribution of socio economic status of TVET, they believed that TVET have strong contribution to society’s economic status. However, the relative average mean score shows that there was positive perception from preparatory students and respondent also strongly agreed to contribution of TVET to socio economic status. Evidence shows that positive perceptions about TVET have a great contribution to society’s socio economic status. However, the provision of the program should reach everywhere there was preparatory schools in the region and providing training which plays role in the contribution of socioeconomic status of the societies. Thus, based on finding of the study, recommendations are forwarded to mitigate the aforementioned problem.

Good governance has in recent times appeared as the new intonation to address the failures of public systems, especially in the arena of public health. Health is a state subject and the primary responsibility of providing health care is with state governments. Majority of states' expenditure accounts of ail public expenditure on the health sector. Statelevel variations on expenditure on health over the years show a proportion to total government expenditure it shows a declining trend after 1985-86. This article examined the allocations of health budget for the light of commitments made in municipal governance of budget. The present study was carried out to assess the budget allocation and expenditure pattern for health including private and public health. The findings revealed that the budget allocation for total health care was less, compared to that of maternity home and child care budgets. The study focused on trends in BBMP spending on Health Sector. The results conveyed that the BBMP spending on health sector as per state Real GDP for BBMP Budgetary allocation was low compared to real allocation. These figures indicate the status of ignorance of urban public health sector. The study suggested that the prime importance of health care both at micro and macro levels needs to be attentive at budget allocation and at management strategic decisions to regulate the health care policy to achieve this sectors as one of the millennium development goals which is most vital for growing urban population through both public and private partnership interventions.

The aim of this paper is to analyze a pay scheme with three possible scenarios, all under the hypothetical premise of the purchase of an appliance under three different terms of payment. In theory we know that the greater the capitalization of an interest rate, the greater the increase of the burden of interest on the person who acquires the credit. However, the calculations show that option 4, weekly payments, appears to be the option with the smallest interest payment (5.93%) versus 5.99% and 6.20% for options 2 and 3, respectively. Finally, it is important to mention that the import of each payment is what makes the difference: option 2 is $106.62, option 3 is $53.18 and option 4 is $24.53. Option 1 is cash payment.