Organizational commitment is an important aspect influencing organizational growth and performance. Organizations face enormous challenges in understanding the commitment level of employees of different career stages. Depending on this understanding about the commitment level that organizations do undertake different measures for enhancing their commitment for improved organizational productivity. Therefore, understanding the commitment level of the employees corresponding to their career stages has emerged as an important dimension of human resource management these days. The changing business environment and its associated complexities have increased the necessity for a study on the effect of career stage on organizational commitment so as to enable the progressive organisations to be more proactive in addressing to the underlying issues associated with career stages and organizational commitment. This study is an endeavour to examine the effect of career stages on organizational commitment with respect to bank employees. The study which has been undertaken based on Super (1984) career stages and Meyer et al. (1993) organizational commitment scale, conducted upon 165 employees on three banks reveal that there exists a significant difference between affective commitment and employees career stages. Similarly, career stages also affect the continuance commitment of the employees significantly. Further, the study also found that no significant relationship exists between normative commitment and career stages. This implies that the organisations in order to get the commitment of the employees have to undertake measures to design effective organizational career planning programs.

The use of plants for the treatment of various diseases was recorded in the history. Many conventional medicines originate from plant sources: many decades ago, most of the few effective drugs were plant-based. Examples include quinine (from cinchona bark), digoxin (from foxglove), morphine (from the opium poppy) and aspirin (from willow bark). The discovery and development of new drugs from plant sources continues, with drug companies engaged in large-scale pharmacologic screening of herbs. Arthritis is a condition typically characterized by pain, aching, stiffness and swelling in and around one or more joints. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disorder in which the body's own immune system starts to attack body tissues. Ricinus communis, the castorbean or castor-oil-plant is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. Many authors have reported that the plant has promised Antioxidant activity, Antinociceptive activity, Antiulcer activity, Antiasthmatic activity, Anti-fertility activity, Antihistaminic Activity etc cited in literature review. The present study is aimed to evaluate the methanolic leaf extract of Ricinus communis for acclaimed anti-arthritic activity by using protein denaturation method. Diclofenac sodium is used as a standard drug. From the results of the present study it can be stated that the methanolic leaf extract of Ricinus communis at two different concentrations (250mcg/ml & 500mcg/ml) is capable of inhibiting the denaturation of protein in rheumatic disease.

To analyze the aerobic bacteria isolated from endotracheal secretions of ventilated patients and to evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity pattern and Multi drug resistance of those isolates, present study was conducted in M.D.M. Hospital, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, and Rajasthan, India. Endotracheal secretions received during the study period from Jan 2016 to April 2016 were processed and all the pathogenic isolates were identified as per the standard guideline. Antibiotic sensitivity was performed for the identified pathogens according to CLSI standards. Clinical condition of the ventilated and tracheotomised patients was recorded. A total of 160 Endotracheal isolates was processed and 114(71.25) of the aspirates was showing growth. The most frequently isolated pathogens were Klebsiella sp.(37.7%), Pseudomonas(18.4%), Esch. coli(15.7) and Acinetobacter sp.(10.5%) followed by Citrobactor sp., Staph. aureus, Proteus sp.. All the organisms more or less showed both sensitive and resistance pattern but Acinetobacter sp was resistant to all the antibiotics except the antibiotic imepenem and ciprofloxacin. This study presents the most common microorganisms colonized and their antibiotic resistance pattern. The variability of flora and the potential need to adjust antibiotic coverage based on culture data suggest that surveillance tracheal aspirates are important during exacerbations

In the current scenario herbal medicines became the main system for the treatment of many diseases. Because of the advancement in science and technology a huge number of plants were discovered having therapeutic capabilities to treat many deadly diseases and have gain importance and acceptance within the medical community. Among various diseases urolithiasis has been a common problem from various centuries. For the treatment of urolithiasis many synthetic drugs are available in the market but because of their side effects herbal remedies are widely accepted. Our present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential to treat urolithiasis (kidney stones) where cystone was used as a standard drug. The present study revealed that the leaves of Ricinus communis possess mild antiurolithiatic activity which might be due to the presence of various phytochemical constituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenes etc.

Historical heritage holds outstanding values for humanity and so their sustainable management is paramount. Heritage management is requisite in ensuring the continuous survival of heritage sites for education, scientific research, and archeological discovery and leisure purposes. It helps maintain human societies and uphold enormous opportunities especially for tourism and socio-economic development. Today for instance, the heritage industry has become a dominant niche of the global tourism industry especially in the developing countries of Africa, Latin America and Asia. Yet, there is poor, absence of an up-to-date, proactive and sustainable management framework for the conservation and preservation of historical heritage monuments in Cameroon. The main objective of this study was to critically examine the management of historical heritage monuments in Cameroon and frame a green framework for their sustainable management. The study adopted a qualitative research design, case study approach and semi-structured interviews with experts in the collection of primary data blended with secondary materials from published sources including textbooks, scientific journal articles, reports, conference presentations and internet websites.

Sustained release formulations are becoming more popular now days for the delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) because of their ability to maintain therapeutic effective drug concentration for prolonged duration with low dosing frequency and side effects associated with NSAIDs. The present study was attempted to develop Sustained release tablets of a model NSAID drug, Etodolac. Etodolac Sustained release tablets were prepared by Gellan Gum (A, mg), Sodium CMC (B, mg), Xyloglucan (C, ml), Xanthan Gum (D, ml), MCC (E, ml), Talc (F, rpm), Orange flavour (G, rpm), Aspartame (H, rpm), Magnesium stearate (I, rpm). The granules were evaluated for flow properties by evaluating bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio and angle of repose. The tablets were evaluated for drug polymer compatibility study by FTIR, diameter, weight variation test, hardness, friability, disintegration test, SEM, Swelling Index, In vitro drug release, release kinetics, stability studies and Plackett-Burman Experimental Design was also applied to find the optimized formulation. The FTIR study revealed that no such interactions being taking place in between drug and polymers. The flow property of granules of all tablet batches was found to be good. All the tablet formulations had good tablet physiochemical properties. The swelling of the tablets was also found optimum. From the results of in-vitro study, it was concluded that Etodolac Sustained release tablet provided most sustained release of Etodolac over extended period of time with aid of greater stability.

Advertising in social networks not only involves the user, but also makes it part in planned advertising, .i.e. divided user becomes the most effective advertising tool. Social networking provides the user with a unique opportunity to instantly find the company's site and learn more about its services. If the customer wants to contact you, he needs to write a personal message, Vol. y.? For example, the buyer does not need to search your contact page and call the administration - of the proposed goods, since he may show his interest directly, leave your? social network account. Social networks - networks, where at one time can be achieved by far the highest number of consumers and the advertising or information can be provided highly targeted. This advertising will significantly increase your potential customers at minimal cost. Social Network - an interactive website, which brings together a common interest of its members with the group, and with a specific content and virtually interact with each other by using automated site-specific measures. The article analyzes the advertising in social networks, the article measurable advertising on Facebook, and Google+ opportunities.

A survey of herbaceous fodder plants along the national highway from Parwanoo to Kaurik was carried out. Mostly along the national highway rural areas were situated and they used local flora for their cattle or livestock. Some of the herbaceous plant species used as fodder among the communities of these areas. In Present paper, 53 species belonging to 17 families and 44 genera were recorded and identified. The families with higher number of species were Poaceae with 29 species, Leguminosae with 5 species, Brassicaceae and Cyperaceae with 2 species, Acanthaceae, Begoniaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Commelinaceae, Compositae, Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Datiscaceae, Oxalidaceae, Pedaliaceae, Polygonaceae, Solanaceae, Urticaceae with 1 species each. The genera represented by the higher number of species Setaria (3 species), Chrysopogon, Cyperus, Oplismenus, Paspalum, Saccharum, Trifolium (2 species) and rest of the genera comprising only one species.

The purpose and objectives of this research paper was to evaluate the written test and interview exam pattern in the process of recruitment for the nonteaching position for Group B (Non-Gazetted), C and erstwhile Group D in the central and state government university/organization and also to check the impact of Implementation of written examination instead of Interview on the Non-teaching cadre in the Central Universities in India. In the above research paper we have conducted the primary research through the collection of primary data by constructing the structured questionnaire for various government employees, private employee, selfemployed, un-employed person including the students in the central and state university especially from the Banaras Hindu University. This paper will help the nonteaching staff and recruitment staff, Recruitment Rule maker who are in the process of recruitment of various post for Group B (Non-Gazetted), C and erstwhile Group D in the central and state government for the exact understanding about the true opinion of respondent who have ever faced either written examination or interview or both the pattern of examination. In this research paper we have used descriptive research design and probability sampling technique for selecting the primary data. After reviewing the various literatures we have framed the various objectives for our selected topic and on the basis of objectives we have designed the structured questionnaire for the primary data collection and formulated the Null (H0) hypothesis for conclusive oriented decision making. The sample size was 92 from the group of students, private employee, and government employee, self-employed and unemployed person. We have applied the various statistical tools such as frequency test and cross tabs (Chi square) through the IBM- SPSS 23.0 software package for data analysis and interpretation of the above case.

Bio-slurry has potential value as good quality organic fertilizer and an agent of soil carbon sequestration through build up of soil organic matter level. Cowdung and poultry manure had the higher organic carbon content as well as higher nutrient concentration compared to Cow-dung and poultry bio-slurry. Nutrient concentration particularly N, P and S in CD and CB was found lower than the PM and PB. The highest carbon mineralization in Balina soil was found in poultry manure amended soil followed by cow dung, poultry bio-slurry and the lowest in cow dung bio-slurry. Carbon mineralization of manures in Noadda soil also followed the similar trend like Balina soil. However, Carbon mineralization of poultry manure and poultry bio-slurry was lower and cow dung and cow dung bio-slurry was higher in Noadda compared to Balina soil. Thus, decomposition of manure does not depend only on the quality of soil rather both the quality of manure and soil. Decomposition of manure was found slightly higher (around 5%) in Balina soil compared to Noadda soil when averaged over four manures. Among the manure, around three to four times less amount of CO2 was evolved during the decomposition of cow-dung and poultry bio-slurry as compared to cow-dung and poultry manure. Thus, this study indicate that soil application of bio-slurry had high potential in the mitigation of the greenhouse effect as well as short-term benefits in terms of improving soil organic matter stock, as compared to manure.

The common notion among people is that psychoactive drugs like alcohol increases sexual activity, various studies over the years have shown some relationship between the alcohol use pattern and sexual dysfunction in males. The effect can either be because of depressant effects of alcohol itself or can due to the probable changes it brings about in the normal neurotransmitter levels and hormones associated with sexual functioning. Among the male sexual dysfunctions prevalence of premature ejaculation and erectile dysfunction has been studied most extensively. We set to look at perceptions of sexual dysfunction among male in- patients with alcohol dependence. 30 male in patients with alcohol dependence diagnosed according to International Classification of Diseases- 10 (ICD-10) without any other psychiatric co-morbidity were compared with 30 male in-patients admitted in medical ward. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI PLUS), Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ), and Brief Sexual Functioning Inventory (BSFI) scales were used in the study. The study revealed that patients with alcohol dependence had perceived poor sexual functioning under the domains of sexual drive, erection and ejaculation. It was also found that sexual functioning worsened with increased duration of alcohol usage.

Myristica fragrans seed (Nutmeg) famed as the prominent fatty seed of medicinal and therapeutic quality came from the Spice island of Indonesia. It is endowed with phytochemicals, minerals and vitamins impart medicinal values. In captive conditions the ornamental fishes with deprived nutritional feed subjected to diseases and faded colour produces economic loss in their trade operations can be tackled by effective administration of plant products. In this perspective, a comparative study made in Poecilia latipinna (yellow molly)by providing (commercial feed) CF and TD1 (Myristica fragrans) for a duration of 60 days. The in vivo antibacterial efficacy of feed in tissues(gut & gill) of the specimen along with water samples from aquaria revealed positive result for TD1.The colour enhancing ability in yellow molly yielded best result higher for TD1 considered to CF. The total bacterial load in the water, gut as well as the gill of CF fed group was 75x104 CFU/ml, 45x104 CFU/ml& 23x104 CFU/ml while for TD1 it was 14x104 CFU/ml, 9x104 CFU/ml, 7x104CFU/ml. The quantitative estimation of carotenoids estimated was 6.32µµg/g wet weight in control and 12.12µg/g wet weight for TD1.From the present investigation arrived at the conclusion that TD1 provided better anti-bacterial activity than CF (commercial feed) not only prevent disease outbreak but also produce vibrant skin colour.

Violence affects lives of millions of woman worldwide, in all societies, one of the most heinous and shocking forms among them is DOWRY DEATH, is one among the various reasons for suicidal (i.e. abetted suicide) and homicidal deaths of women in India, other being marital infidelity, sexual jealousy etc. This study done at Government Mohan kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem , was conducted during the period January 2014 – December -2015. Aims and objectives were to know the magnitude, socio etiologic profile and methods used for committing suicide/homicide, and various other factors affecting the alarming rise in incidence of dowry death and also to lend valuable suggestion to concerned authorities to prevent this heinous social evil of our society. Most of the victims were aged between 20 to 24 years of age, maximum of the victims died within three years of married life, most commonly between 1 to 2 years of married life. Burns is the most common method used for dowry deaths.

The objective of the current study was to investigate changing profile of reproduction hormone (Progesterone and Estradiol) BCS and parity in relation to the resumption of ovarian cyclicity postpartum in cows of European origin under semiarid conditions of Algeria. To measure plasma progesterone (P4) and estradiol 17-β (E2), blood samples were collected from 21 Montbéliarde dairy cows at 30, 40 and 50 d postpartum (dPP) respectively. Body condition score (BCS) was taken before and after calving. Cows were grouped based on progesterone concentration (resumption of ovarian cyclicity, ≥1 ng/mL) at 30, 40, and 50 dPP into a non ovarian activity (NOA) group (n = 6) and ovarian activity (OA) group (n = 15). P4 concentration was higher in the OA group than in the NOA group and statistically differed at 50 dPP (p = 0.04). E2 was higher in the OA group than a NOA group at d 30 (p = 0, 01) and d 40 (p = 0, 03). Despite superiority of BCS peri and postpartum but no significant differences were detected between the two groups. There was no significant difference between parity and ovarian resumption groups. Two groups were formed based on differences in onset of postpartum resumption of ovarian activity. OA (n =15/21 or 71.42 %) showed first ovulation between 30 d and 50 d after parturition. NOA (n = 6/21 or 28.57 %) manifested a first ovulation > 50 d in milk.

Stability Indicating UV-spectrophotometric analytical method validation for the estimation of Quetiapine fumarate have already been reported, but no studies reported so far include the application of Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) concept to the development of a comprehensive analytical UV-method for the analysis of model drug (Quetiapine fumatrate). In the present work, a simple, economic and sensitive UV spectrophotometric method has been developed using AQbD approach for the quantitative estimation of Quetiapine fumarate in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms i.e. tablets. The estimation of drug was done at 242 nm in simulated nasal fluid (SNF) using UV-Visible double beam spectrophotometer. In the developed method, linearity over the concentration range of 4-24μg/ml of QP was observed and was found in agreement of Beer’s law. The linear regression was found to be 0.999. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and recovery studies confirmed the accuracy of the proposed method. The precision (intra-day & inter-day) of method was found within limits (RSD < 2%). The sensitivity of the method was assessed by determining limit of detection and limit of quantification. The method was found to be repeatable as well as robust. The percentage of QP in the marketed formulation (Qutipin-100) was observed to be 99.46%. It could be concluded from the results obtained in the present investigation that the method for estimation of Quetiapine fumarate in pure form and in pharmaceutical dosage form is simple, rapid, accurate, precise and economical and can be used, successfully, in the quality control of pharmaceutical formulations and other routine laboratory analysis