REVIEW ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
Exposure to electromagnetic fields induces pathophysiological changes and oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system
Azab Elsayed Azab, Shaban Ali Ebrahim
Page no 115-121 |
10.21276/sjbr
This study aimed to highlight on the influence of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the
cardiovascular system in humans and experimental animals, from the recent articles regarding the cardiovascular effects
of exposure to EMFs. EMFs might produce a variety of adverse in vivo effects such as heart problems, chest pain, and
cardiovascular system disorders. Previous studies showed that an association between elevated magnetic field exposure
and mortality of employer in electric utility industry jobs from arrhythmia-related causes and acute myocardial infarction
influence heart rate variability by changing autonomic balance. EMF exposure can affect structure and function of
cardiovascular system and may facilitate myocardial infarction by nuclear changing of cardiomyocytes. Exposure to
EMFs induced pain or pressure in the chest area, heart palpitations, and/or an irregular heart beat. The symptoms
resemble a heart attack and thus contribute to even more anxiety. Also, exposure to EMFs caused highly significant
increases in the activeties of serum creatinine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate amino-transferase
enzymes, and decreases in plasma calcium level and total anti-oxidant capacity. Rats exposed to EMF showed increases
in blood pressure, the absolute and relative whole heart and left ventricular weights. On the other hand, the heart rate was
significantly reduced in rats exposed to EMF.
RESEARCH ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
Tasting Salt (Monosodium Glutamate) in Food Products: Discussion on Health Concerns and Ethical Business Practices
Nasrin Sultana Siddiqua
Page no 122-126 |
10.21276/sjbr
Tasting salt or Monosodium Glutamate was invented by the Japanese over a century ago. The flavour profile
known as Umami, or the fifth taste, after the four tastes of sweet, salty, sour and bitter, was discovered whilst working
with sea weed. Umami is a meaty taste that is naturally present in cheese and ripe tomatoes. For more than a 100 years,
the flavour of Umami has been artificially manufactured in factories all over the world, starting in Japan. The flavour
profile presented by tasting salt offers both packaged and non-packaged food producers with an affordable and openly
accessible alternative to flavouring their foods. Home cooks are also offered the product as they are able to openly
purchase the salt off the shelf. Hence, a lack of regulation. Presently, tasting salt is present in thousands of food items all
over the world, and its use is only increasing. Restaurants use the salt in their dishes as an inexpensive alternative to
building complex flavour profiles using meat stock. At the same time, health concerns about the product‟s wide spread
use have also been made apparent over the last two decades. Despite the legal system of almost all countries in the world
not having put any restriction on tasting salt, the use of the product has been shown to lead to serious health concerns for
humans. Hence, the need for ethical business practice to promote public health by going above and beyond legal
compliance.
RESEARCH ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
A Study among Adults to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Malaria Prevention at Selected Urban Slum Area of Gwalior City India
Mr. Virendra Singh, Dr. Madhusoodan, Dr. Mahipal Singh
Page no Sch. Bull.; 2017, 3(9): 429-434 |
10.21276/sb.2017.3.9.7
Abstract: Malaria is a major public health problem. In India, Malaria is the disease is responsible for very high morbidity and mortality. The Government has got the larger responsibility in controlling the Malaria; with the community involvement is necessary, so that the urban slum adults need Health education programme to reduce the incidence of Malaria and for the prevention of Malaria. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of STP on prevention of Malaria. A quasi experimental single group pretest posttest research design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on Malaria prevention at selected urban slum area of Gwalior city. The study was conducted on 50 adults selected by purposive sampling techniques. Tool was developed validity and reliability was calculated, after conducting pretest PTP was introduced and then posttest was done. The findings of the study shows that mean posttest knowledge score (19.54) of the subjects was higher than the mean pretest knowledge score (11.72), hence PTP on malaria prevention for adult was effective. After the detailed analysis of this study shows that PTP for Malaria prevention was very effective and could also are used for other setting and for other community setting.
REVIEW ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
A Qualitative Study on the Relationship between School Leadership Styles and the Governing Systems of School Principals in Peninsular Malaysia.
Anantha Raj A. Arokiasamy, Mohammad Zohir Ahmad @ Shaari, Aziah Ismail
Page no 764-770 |
10.21276/sjhss.2017.2.9.2
The significance of effective leadership and management for the successful
operation of schools and colleges has been increasingly acknowledged in the 21st
century. The trend towards self-management in the United Kingdom and in many
other parts of the world has led to an enhanced appreciation of the importance of
managerial competence for educational leaders. Today, leadership is seen as central
and essential to delivering the changes, improvement and performance that
community increasingly expects of all organizations including schools. The changing
manner of school management has undoubtedly created reforms in the field of
education with change expressed in the evolution from exterior supervision of school
work to the empowerment of school’s staff, principal’s and teacher’s roles. This study
was initiated to look into the leadership style among school principals in governing
school systems in Peninsular Malaysia. Secondary data consisting of various
leadership styles used in administering teachers, transformational and transactional
leadership and the correlation between leadership styles and organizational variables,
relationship between value systems and school principal’s principles were performed.
Numerous researches have highlighted the fact that leadership behavior is a predictor
of its efficacy and leads to the examination of leadership evolution. In this study,
leaders with a high moral value system tend to lean towards a transformational
leadership style in governing school systems in Peninsular Malaysia and
acknowledges a positive correlation between leadership styles and value systems in
school administration.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
Prevalence of Chronic Periodontitis and its associated risk indicators Among Saudi Nationals in Aljouf Province Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Kiran Kumar Ganji
Page no 230-235 |
10.21276/sjodr.2017.2.9.1
Chronic Periodontitis is considered to be common dental disease with high
tooth mortality as well as morbidity. Reports from different places around the world
showed a prevalence of severe periodontitis in around 8-10% of the Population;
Sweden 8%, England 7%, The Netherland 10%, Italy 9.6 % and Srilanka 8 %. The
aim of the survey was to estimate the prevalence of chronic periodontitis among Saudi
nationals in Aljouf Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 310 subjects were selected by
stratified cluster sampling technique. They were examined in preselected areas of
Aljouf region by using community periodontal index of treatment need. The impact of
known risk factors for periodontal disease, e.g., oral hygiene habits, age and smoking.
53% of the subjects and 15.8% of the sextants. Shallow pockets were observed in
39.4% of the subjects and 38.4% of the sextants. Calculus was found to be present in
9.8% of the subjects and 48.8 % of the sextants. Calculus was maximum (53%) in
group I (30-40 years) and minimum (21%) in Group IV (60 years and above).
Periodontal disease was found to be highly prevalent in the study population (90%)
and the periodontal treatment needs increased with advancing age. Nationwide surveys
are recommended to assess the periodontal disease which helps in planning prevention
and treatment of periodontal diseases.
REVIEW ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
Atomic Concept During Medieval Muslim Scholarship
Ali Muhammad
Page no 804-811 |
10.21276/sjhss.2017.2.9.7
Scientific discoveries put forth new trends in the education during modern
times. These trends influenced all aspects of human society. Scienticism is considered
modern day religion, ideology and are more relevant and applicable for contemporary
society. The perception, all matter being composed of small, indivisible particles
called atoms is the base of matter, from which every object has its existence. From its
earliest in the second century of the hijra, kalam has always been enthralled with the
theory of atoms. In this paper an attempt has been made to discuss, elaborate and
analysis with certain divergence the issue of atomism. The broad theory was generally
endorsed by both the Mu‟tazilite‟s and Ash‟arites and their views, difference of
opinion on the said issue, along with other medieval Muslim Scholars will be
discussed at length. Their concept about the role of atom in matter formation in early
Muslim scholar writings will serve the base for this paper.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
The Dynamics between Tacit and Explicit Knowledge in Mauritian Business using Knowledge Creation Taxonomy
Betchoo Nirmal Kumar
Page no 782-789 |
10.21276/sjhss.2017.2.9.4
This research paper analyses the impact of knowledge creation process on
Mauritian business from a case study perspective. The knowledge creation process is
a dynamic one since it comes from diverse areas. Firstly, the university or any
training institution develops business courses that would help students benefit from
job opportunities in firms which expected them to apply their knowledge at work. On
the other hand, the knowledge creation process might come from the firm that urges
the graduate to develop his knowledge and capabilities that should directly impact on
the business. There is also a new approach whereby the university develops courses
by integrating the student with the industry in a programme tailor-made for the
organisation. This paper states that knowledge creation process should be developed
in a dynamic way that integrates and addresses business needs in today‟s fast
changing environment. Through a case study approach in three selected situations,
using Nanoko‟s Taxonomy of knowledge creation as a framework, it reveals that the
knowledge creation process is a two-fold dynamic practice and that its success
depends on the inter-relationship between tacit and explicit knowledge.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
A Clinical and Histomorphometric Evaluation of Socket Preservation Using Resorbable Collagen Membrane and an Alloplast: A Comparative Interventional Study
Major Vijay Lal, Col Sk Rath, Grp Capt HS Dharekar, Lt Col Parul Lohra, Lt Col Dhruv Dubey, Aparna Suresh
Page no 240-248 |
10.21276/sjodr.2017.2.9.3
There are various grafting materials used for socket preservation of the
alveolar ridge following tooth extraction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate
clinically and histomorphometrically healing after tooth extraction with or without
placement of a synthetic bone graft and determine the effect on alveolar ridge
preservation following extraction. 30 subjects in need of extraction of non-molar teeth
were recruited for this study. Recruited subjects were randomly assigned to the group
A (with graft material) or control (without graft material) group B. Data were recorded
at 6 months after socket preservation procedures. At 6 months, a surgical re-entry was
performed; Clinical Measurements and bone core biopsies were obtained for
histomorphometric analysis. The control group B had a mean reduction in ridge height
of 1.26mm, whereas alveolar ridge height in the test group A was 0.73mm. The test
group A was 7.33 ± 1.01 mm compared to 7.23 ± 1.13 mm in group B which were not
statistically significant (p = 0.684). Histomorphometric analysis revealed total new
bone volume in group A represented 65.6 ± 11% connective tissue 25.6 ± 10.18 %
and 8.8% was occupied by residual graft material. The mean new bone volume in
group B was 31.23 ± 7.24%, whereas connective tissue formation was approximately
68.78 ± 7.24 %. Both these values were statistically significant when compared with
group A. There was no relation with residual graft material as there was no graft
material used in group B. A positive response was observed when synthetic graft was
applied to extraction sockets, suggesting that it may be useful for preservation of ridge
height prior to dental implant placement.
REVIEW ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
Primary Education as Means of Achieving Sustainable Development: An Assessment of Universal Basic Education (UBE) Program in Nigeria
Muddassir Ahmad Gado, Hussaini Ladan Alkammawa
Page no 790-795 |
10.21276/sjhss.2017.2.9.5
Education has been directly equated with the overall development process
of any human society. Basic or primary education being the foundation, is necessary
not only for the sake of basic literacy and numeracy, but because it prepares children
or human for future challenges. The more adequate and qualitative the primary
education is given to children, the more equipped and industrious the children would
become in the future. Therefore, good administrative planning and provision of
primary level of education is crucial in achieving educational development. This
paper examines Universal Basic Education (UBE) as a programme designed to
provide primary education, outline it`s policy thrust and nature of implementation as
well as assessing the ways through which the scheme can tackle the educational
challenges facing the country, for an achieved sustainable development. Secondary
data was used comprising the UBE documents and various litratures written by
scholars on education and development in order to analyse and assess the relationship
between basic (primary) education and sustainable development in Nigeria.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
Individual Differences in Managerial Humor Styles of Thai Managers in Real Estate Firms
Chaiyaset Promsri
Page no 836-841 |
10.21276/sjhss.2017.2.9.11
Despite numerous studies have placed the emphasis on an examination of
individual differences in humor styles, the investigation of this topic in Thai context
has been overlooked and needs to be explored. As a consequence, the objective of
this present study was to examine individual differences including gender, age, and
body mass index (BMI) in humor style of Thai managers in real estate companies.
Seventy-nine managers in all hierarchical levels of two real estate firms listed in
Stock Exchange of Thailand were gathered for data collection by using Humor Style
Questionnaire (HSQ) as the instrument. The result of independent sample t-test
showed that male managers had a higher score on the use of self-defeating humor
style than female managers (t = 2.806, p = 0.007). In addition, the result of KruskalWallis H test demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference in selfenhancing humor between the different age groups (χ2 (3) = 8.731, p = .033).
Nonetheless, results of Kruskal-Wallis H test indicated no statistically significant
differences in all four humor styles between the different BMI groups. Discussion
and recommendations for further studies were also discussed.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
A Comparative Study of Conceptual Metaphor in Chinese and American Commencement Speeches
Dong Tian, Yang Shuai
Page no 758-763 |
10.21276/sjhss.2017.2.9.1
The main objectives of the study are to further explore the connection
between conceptual metaphor and the language expression structures through the
comparative analysis of the conceptual metaphor in the commencement speeches of
universities between English and Chinese. It also studies the meaning, cultural
characteristics, similarities and differences of the two languages so that it can give a
proper interpretation of how the cultural factors works on the language structure and
semantic expressions. The conceptual metaphor was regards as a system of human
conceptualization. Speeches addressed on graduation ceremonies by great people who
are admired by the university students play a vital role in their lives. So the
comparative study of conceptual metaphor in Chinese and American commencement
speeches is necessary.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
The Effects of the Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle on the Performance of the Small Size Construction Firms in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Muhammad Tahir
Page no 830-835 |
10.21276/sjhss.2017.2.9.10
In current competitive environment of the construction industry,
continuous quality improvement is becoming a need of the day. One important tool
for continuous quality improvement is PDCA cycle (plan, do, check, and act) which
can be effectively used for quality improvement and subsequently improvement in
the performance by the construction firms. The objectives of the study were to
identify the extent to which the firms are utilizing the PDCA cycle, and its effects on
the firm performance in the context of small scale construction firms in the Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia. Measure were adapted from previous sources to develop a survey
questionnaire and through convenience sampling, responses were generated from
staff from 20 selected small scale construction firms (n=157). Descriptive statistics
indicate that the level of utilization of PDCA cycle among the sample firm is
moderate level. Further, the three stages of PDCA cycle including plan, do, and act
is having positive and significant effects on the firm performance. Based on the
findings, it is recommended that small scale construction firms should focus on
greater utilization of the PDCA cycle.
REVIEW ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
Cyclospora cayetanensis in a Child with Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Type B: About a Case
El Khiyat M, Aich F, Amhaouch Z, Tlamçani Z
Page no 276-278 |
10.21276/sjpm.2017.2.8.8
Cyclospora cayetanensis is a protozoan responsible for cyclosporosis, it is
a digestive coccidiosis in the tropical and intertropical area. The human being
constitutes the only reservoir and his transmission is related to the fecal content based
on the ingestion of water and / or food contaminated by infectious oocysts. This
infection is mainly responsible for watery diarrhea which can be severe in
immunocompromised patients. We report a case of a little girl with acute lymphoid
leukemia type B in whom we diagnosed a digestive infection with Cyclospora
cayetanensis.
REVIEW ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
Odontogenic Keratocyst- An Unusual Clinical Case Presentation with Review of Literature
Dr. Mohd. Kamran Farooqui, Dr. Gaurav Mathur, Dr. Rakesh Kumar Singh, Dr. K. Rahul Kumar, Dr. Sudheer Singh
Page no 236-239 |
10.21276/sjodr.2017.2.9.2
Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) characterized by a single lesion, with
greater frequency in the mandibular jaw. The diagnostic approach is based on a
combined analysis of the medical history, the clinical appearance and the radiographic
appearance. The diagnosis may be confirmed by the anatomical pathology report.
Finally, treatment consists of surgical excision and follow up is characterized by a
high rate of recurrence. The authors report an unusal case of OKC of the upper jaw
and review the various diagnoses and therapeutics.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Sept. 30, 2017
Workplace Stress and its Effect on Performance; Special Reference to Educational Sector
Priscilla Bempah Botwe, Amoah-Binfoh Kenneth, Enid Masih
Page no 796-803 |
10.21276/sjhss.2017.2.9.6
Workplace stress is one of the most challenging issues in many institutions.
Recently due to the competitive nature of many institutions in this global age,
employers have placed more demands on employees work especially in the private
educational sector. This has brought excessive pressure which is beyond employees‟
abilities and their capacity hence inhibiting individual functioning, productivity and
performance. The increase level of this stress has led to a change in the behavior of
employees and their attachment with the work. Stress is therefore seen to be
detrimental to the health of employees, health of organization and its performance.
This research examines the studies on workplace stress and its effects on performance
and how these effects can be managed in the organization. The objective of the
research was to identify the stressors at the workplace, to examine the effect of
workplace stressors on employees‟ performance and lastly, to identify strategies used
in handling stress at the workplace. Both primary and secondary data collection
method were used. The total population for the study was 100 and the sample size
used was 50 whereas systematic sampling technique was employed. It was found that
workload, longer working hours, not designing job to meet employees strength,
weakness and their pressure point were workplace stressors. It was recommended that
the management needs to know the employees strength, weakness and their pressure
point, balancing work life, with better social support in order to reduce stress and to
improve performance.