This study aimed to highlight on the influence of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the cardiovascular system in humans and experimental animals, from the recent articles regarding the cardiovascular effects of exposure to EMFs. EMFs might produce a variety of adverse in vivo effects such as heart problems, chest pain, and cardiovascular system disorders. Previous studies showed that an association between elevated magnetic field exposure and mortality of employer in electric utility industry jobs from arrhythmia-related causes and acute myocardial infarction influence heart rate variability by changing autonomic balance. EMF exposure can affect structure and function of cardiovascular system and may facilitate myocardial infarction by nuclear changing of cardiomyocytes. Exposure to EMFs induced pain or pressure in the chest area, heart palpitations, and/or an irregular heart beat. The symptoms resemble a heart attack and thus contribute to even more anxiety. Also, exposure to EMFs caused highly significant increases in the activeties of serum creatinine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate amino-transferase enzymes, and decreases in plasma calcium level and total anti-oxidant capacity. Rats exposed to EMF showed increases in blood pressure, the absolute and relative whole heart and left ventricular weights. On the other hand, the heart rate was significantly reduced in rats exposed to EMF.

Tasting salt or Monosodium Glutamate was invented by the Japanese over a century ago. The flavour profile known as Umami, or the fifth taste, after the four tastes of sweet, salty, sour and bitter, was discovered whilst working with sea weed. Umami is a meaty taste that is naturally present in cheese and ripe tomatoes. For more than a 100 years, the flavour of Umami has been artificially manufactured in factories all over the world, starting in Japan. The flavour profile presented by tasting salt offers both packaged and non-packaged food producers with an affordable and openly accessible alternative to flavouring their foods. Home cooks are also offered the product as they are able to openly purchase the salt off the shelf. Hence, a lack of regulation. Presently, tasting salt is present in thousands of food items all over the world, and its use is only increasing. Restaurants use the salt in their dishes as an inexpensive alternative to building complex flavour profiles using meat stock. At the same time, health concerns about the product‟s wide spread use have also been made apparent over the last two decades. Despite the legal system of almost all countries in the world not having put any restriction on tasting salt, the use of the product has been shown to lead to serious health concerns for humans. Hence, the need for ethical business practice to promote public health by going above and beyond legal compliance.

Abstract: Malaria is a major public health problem. In India, Malaria is the disease is responsible for very high morbidity and mortality. The Government has got the larger responsibility in controlling the Malaria; with the community involvement is necessary, so that the urban slum adults need Health education programme to reduce the incidence of Malaria and for the prevention of Malaria. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of STP on prevention of Malaria. A quasi experimental single group pretest posttest research design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on Malaria prevention at selected urban slum area of Gwalior city. The study was conducted on 50 adults selected by purposive sampling techniques. Tool was developed validity and reliability was calculated, after conducting pretest PTP was introduced and then posttest was done. The findings of the study shows that mean posttest knowledge score (19.54) of the subjects was higher than the mean pretest knowledge score (11.72), hence PTP on malaria prevention for adult was effective. After the detailed analysis of this study shows that PTP for Malaria prevention was very effective and could also are used for other setting and for other community setting.

The significance of effective leadership and management for the successful operation of schools and colleges has been increasingly acknowledged in the 21st century. The trend towards self-management in the United Kingdom and in many other parts of the world has led to an enhanced appreciation of the importance of managerial competence for educational leaders. Today, leadership is seen as central and essential to delivering the changes, improvement and performance that community increasingly expects of all organizations including schools. The changing manner of school management has undoubtedly created reforms in the field of education with change expressed in the evolution from exterior supervision of school work to the empowerment of school’s staff, principal’s and teacher’s roles. This study was initiated to look into the leadership style among school principals in governing school systems in Peninsular Malaysia. Secondary data consisting of various leadership styles used in administering teachers, transformational and transactional leadership and the correlation between leadership styles and organizational variables, relationship between value systems and school principal’s principles were performed. Numerous researches have highlighted the fact that leadership behavior is a predictor of its efficacy and leads to the examination of leadership evolution. In this study, leaders with a high moral value system tend to lean towards a transformational leadership style in governing school systems in Peninsular Malaysia and acknowledges a positive correlation between leadership styles and value systems in school administration.

Chronic Periodontitis is considered to be common dental disease with high tooth mortality as well as morbidity. Reports from different places around the world showed a prevalence of severe periodontitis in around 8-10% of the Population; Sweden 8%, England 7%, The Netherland 10%, Italy 9.6 % and Srilanka 8 %. The aim of the survey was to estimate the prevalence of chronic periodontitis among Saudi nationals in Aljouf Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 310 subjects were selected by stratified cluster sampling technique. They were examined in preselected areas of Aljouf region by using community periodontal index of treatment need. The impact of known risk factors for periodontal disease, e.g., oral hygiene habits, age and smoking. 53% of the subjects and 15.8% of the sextants. Shallow pockets were observed in 39.4% of the subjects and 38.4% of the sextants. Calculus was found to be present in 9.8% of the subjects and 48.8 % of the sextants. Calculus was maximum (53%) in group I (30-40 years) and minimum (21%) in Group IV (60 years and above). Periodontal disease was found to be highly prevalent in the study population (90%) and the periodontal treatment needs increased with advancing age. Nationwide surveys are recommended to assess the periodontal disease which helps in planning prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases.

Scientific discoveries put forth new trends in the education during modern times. These trends influenced all aspects of human society. Scienticism is considered modern day religion, ideology and are more relevant and applicable for contemporary society. The perception, all matter being composed of small, indivisible particles called atoms is the base of matter, from which every object has its existence. From its earliest in the second century of the hijra, kalam has always been enthralled with the theory of atoms. In this paper an attempt has been made to discuss, elaborate and analysis with certain divergence the issue of atomism. The broad theory was generally endorsed by both the Mu‟tazilite‟s and Ash‟arites and their views, difference of opinion on the said issue, along with other medieval Muslim Scholars will be discussed at length. Their concept about the role of atom in matter formation in early Muslim scholar writings will serve the base for this paper.

This research paper analyses the impact of knowledge creation process on Mauritian business from a case study perspective. The knowledge creation process is a dynamic one since it comes from diverse areas. Firstly, the university or any training institution develops business courses that would help students benefit from job opportunities in firms which expected them to apply their knowledge at work. On the other hand, the knowledge creation process might come from the firm that urges the graduate to develop his knowledge and capabilities that should directly impact on the business. There is also a new approach whereby the university develops courses by integrating the student with the industry in a programme tailor-made for the organisation. This paper states that knowledge creation process should be developed in a dynamic way that integrates and addresses business needs in today‟s fast changing environment. Through a case study approach in three selected situations, using Nanoko‟s Taxonomy of knowledge creation as a framework, it reveals that the knowledge creation process is a two-fold dynamic practice and that its success depends on the inter-relationship between tacit and explicit knowledge.

There are various grafting materials used for socket preservation of the alveolar ridge following tooth extraction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinically and histomorphometrically healing after tooth extraction with or without placement of a synthetic bone graft and determine the effect on alveolar ridge preservation following extraction. 30 subjects in need of extraction of non-molar teeth were recruited for this study. Recruited subjects were randomly assigned to the group A (with graft material) or control (without graft material) group B. Data were recorded at 6 months after socket preservation procedures. At 6 months, a surgical re-entry was performed; Clinical Measurements and bone core biopsies were obtained for histomorphometric analysis. The control group B had a mean reduction in ridge height of 1.26mm, whereas alveolar ridge height in the test group A was 0.73mm. The test group A was 7.33 ± 1.01 mm compared to 7.23 ± 1.13 mm in group B which were not statistically significant (p = 0.684). Histomorphometric analysis revealed total new bone volume in group A represented 65.6 ± 11% connective tissue 25.6 ± 10.18 % and 8.8% was occupied by residual graft material. The mean new bone volume in group B was 31.23 ± 7.24%, whereas connective tissue formation was approximately 68.78 ± 7.24 %. Both these values were statistically significant when compared with group A. There was no relation with residual graft material as there was no graft material used in group B. A positive response was observed when synthetic graft was applied to extraction sockets, suggesting that it may be useful for preservation of ridge height prior to dental implant placement.

Education has been directly equated with the overall development process of any human society. Basic or primary education being the foundation, is necessary not only for the sake of basic literacy and numeracy, but because it prepares children or human for future challenges. The more adequate and qualitative the primary education is given to children, the more equipped and industrious the children would become in the future. Therefore, good administrative planning and provision of primary level of education is crucial in achieving educational development. This paper examines Universal Basic Education (UBE) as a programme designed to provide primary education, outline it`s policy thrust and nature of implementation as well as assessing the ways through which the scheme can tackle the educational challenges facing the country, for an achieved sustainable development. Secondary data was used comprising the UBE documents and various litratures written by scholars on education and development in order to analyse and assess the relationship between basic (primary) education and sustainable development in Nigeria.

Despite numerous studies have placed the emphasis on an examination of individual differences in humor styles, the investigation of this topic in Thai context has been overlooked and needs to be explored. As a consequence, the objective of this present study was to examine individual differences including gender, age, and body mass index (BMI) in humor style of Thai managers in real estate companies. Seventy-nine managers in all hierarchical levels of two real estate firms listed in Stock Exchange of Thailand were gathered for data collection by using Humor Style Questionnaire (HSQ) as the instrument. The result of independent sample t-test showed that male managers had a higher score on the use of self-defeating humor style than female managers (t = 2.806, p = 0.007). In addition, the result of KruskalWallis H test demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference in selfenhancing humor between the different age groups (χ2 (3) = 8.731, p = .033). Nonetheless, results of Kruskal-Wallis H test indicated no statistically significant differences in all four humor styles between the different BMI groups. Discussion and recommendations for further studies were also discussed.

The main objectives of the study are to further explore the connection between conceptual metaphor and the language expression structures through the comparative analysis of the conceptual metaphor in the commencement speeches of universities between English and Chinese. It also studies the meaning, cultural characteristics, similarities and differences of the two languages so that it can give a proper interpretation of how the cultural factors works on the language structure and semantic expressions. The conceptual metaphor was regards as a system of human conceptualization. Speeches addressed on graduation ceremonies by great people who are admired by the university students play a vital role in their lives. So the comparative study of conceptual metaphor in Chinese and American commencement speeches is necessary.

In current competitive environment of the construction industry, continuous quality improvement is becoming a need of the day. One important tool for continuous quality improvement is PDCA cycle (plan, do, check, and act) which can be effectively used for quality improvement and subsequently improvement in the performance by the construction firms. The objectives of the study were to identify the extent to which the firms are utilizing the PDCA cycle, and its effects on the firm performance in the context of small scale construction firms in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Measure were adapted from previous sources to develop a survey questionnaire and through convenience sampling, responses were generated from staff from 20 selected small scale construction firms (n=157). Descriptive statistics indicate that the level of utilization of PDCA cycle among the sample firm is moderate level. Further, the three stages of PDCA cycle including plan, do, and act is having positive and significant effects on the firm performance. Based on the findings, it is recommended that small scale construction firms should focus on greater utilization of the PDCA cycle.

Cyclospora cayetanensis is a protozoan responsible for cyclosporosis, it is a digestive coccidiosis in the tropical and intertropical area. The human being constitutes the only reservoir and his transmission is related to the fecal content based on the ingestion of water and / or food contaminated by infectious oocysts. This infection is mainly responsible for watery diarrhea which can be severe in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of a little girl with acute lymphoid leukemia type B in whom we diagnosed a digestive infection with Cyclospora cayetanensis.

Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) characterized by a single lesion, with greater frequency in the mandibular jaw. The diagnostic approach is based on a combined analysis of the medical history, the clinical appearance and the radiographic appearance. The diagnosis may be confirmed by the anatomical pathology report. Finally, treatment consists of surgical excision and follow up is characterized by a high rate of recurrence. The authors report an unusal case of OKC of the upper jaw and review the various diagnoses and therapeutics.

Workplace stress is one of the most challenging issues in many institutions. Recently due to the competitive nature of many institutions in this global age, employers have placed more demands on employees work especially in the private educational sector. This has brought excessive pressure which is beyond employees‟ abilities and their capacity hence inhibiting individual functioning, productivity and performance. The increase level of this stress has led to a change in the behavior of employees and their attachment with the work. Stress is therefore seen to be detrimental to the health of employees, health of organization and its performance. This research examines the studies on workplace stress and its effects on performance and how these effects can be managed in the organization. The objective of the research was to identify the stressors at the workplace, to examine the effect of workplace stressors on employees‟ performance and lastly, to identify strategies used in handling stress at the workplace. Both primary and secondary data collection method were used. The total population for the study was 100 and the sample size used was 50 whereas systematic sampling technique was employed. It was found that workload, longer working hours, not designing job to meet employees strength, weakness and their pressure point were workplace stressors. It was recommended that the management needs to know the employees strength, weakness and their pressure point, balancing work life, with better social support in order to reduce stress and to improve performance.