In the State of Qatar, the intense and rapid urban development based on hosting upcoming mega events, as envisioned by Qatar‟s National Vision (QNV- 2030), have raised concern about community stability as it faces modernization in both physical and social aspects. A declining sense of community amid has been associated with interactions within urban amenities and form that trigger social problems, diminish a community‟s well-being and delay development. The integration of a community within the urban physical realm contributes to the development of sustainable communities. The research study aims to identify major urban concepts that contribute to resilience in both socio economic and demographic context. Qualitative community sustainability is investigated in Al-Wakrah city neighborhood through site visits, observation and interviews in order to establish a measure for urban characteristics that are catalysts for sustainable community development in future urban planning decisions.

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between social intelligence and change leadership behaviors. Seventy-six managers of five listed firms in Thailand were gathered for data collection through the modified version of TromsØ social intelligence scale and a newly developed scale of change leadership. Using stepwise regression analysis, results of this study revealed that social information processing explained 22% of variance (R2 = .222, F (1, 76) = 21.106, p < .001), which demonstrated a significantly positive relationship between social information processing and change leadership (β = .471, p <.001). This can be concluded that the more managers had social information processing characteristic, the more likely they would demonstrate their change leadership behaviors. Discussion, limitations, and recommendations for further studies were also discussed.

In this paper, I argue that there is clear evidence of neglect of higher education in post-independent South Sudan. The study, therefore, interrogates the scope of the higher education crisis in the country and assesses prospects for change from the standpoint of equity and quality using institutionalism as a theoretical framework. The study points out that the crisis of the system runs through the tapestry of South Sudan’s history of state formation against which the variable of nation-building at the dawn of Independence in 2011 has failed to assign adequate value for higher education in the pursuit of the objectives of national transformation in particular, and modernisation in general. It remains to be seen if the political leadership and the academic community could define the payload of South Sudan’s higher education system as the country transitions into a constitutional democracy capable of according greater autonomy and initiative to its universities; and revisiting the whole gamut of post-secondary education in order to render it more responsive to addressing the needs of society, particularly in non-academic streams of learning. Besides the historical and institutional challenges, the higher education system of South Sudan must expedite its internationalisation as its formative years wane out. The fundamental requirement is for its competent and dynamic scholars to lead a spirited dialogue and concerted action that should not be broken off by recurrent political violence. This is a must if South Sudan is to stand on the cusp of real transformation in its higher education landscape.

One of the common clinical observations regarding long-standing diabetes is peripheral neuropathic pain, probably due to its destructive effects on the pain modulating neurons of the dorsal gray column of the spinal cord. Accordingly, the current study was aimed to analyze the effect of experimental hyperglycemia on pain modulating neurons in the lamina I-III of lumbar region of spinal cord of albino rats. Thirty-six albino rats with average weight ~250 g were grouped equally into six. Diabetes was induced with a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg, i.p.). At the end of each experimental period, rats were euthanized by deep ether anesthesia, blood was collected and animals were perfused with Karnovsky fixative. Spinal cord was dissected and processed for histopathological and morphometric parameters and blood for biochemical analysis. Biochemical analysis of all diabetic groups revealed increased serum creatinine and reduced serum total protein. Histopathology and histomorphometry of dorsal gray column and ependymal cells and surrounding structures revealed that with the progressively increasing duration of hyperglycemia was associated with decreased number of pain modulating neurons in the lamina I-III as well as ependymal cell and in addition deposition of collagen fibers in the tunica adventitia of spinal arteries and around the small spinal vessels. The associations of long-standing hyperglycemia with reduction of dorsal gray column inter neurons, demyelination of nerve fibres and excessive deposition of collagen fibers in the tunica adventitia of blood vessels appear to be important contributing factors likely to be responsible for the diabetes-induced peripheral neuropathic pain

Management uses strategic concepts to make the allocation of resources more effective in achieving educational goals. The process that plays an important role in determining strategic objectives is developed by various conflictive forces from within and outside. Like STAI Chairman Ibnu Sina, lecturers, stakeholders, students, parents, campus supply providers, central and provincial governments, municipalities and social groups are paying attention to campus programs. Educational institutions need to identify competitors' strategies, objectives, strengths, weaknesses, and patterns of reaction, they also need to know how to design effective information systems.

Polymeric materials obtained from plant sources have become very versatile excipients for the formulation of pharmaceutical dosage form especially tablet dosage form. This study was aimed at the preliminary characterization of Myrianthus arboreus gum as pharmaceutical excipient. Myrianthus arboreus gum was extracted from the dried powdered leaves of Myrianthus arboreus plant and characterized based on parameters such as micromeritic properties, phytochemical evaluation, viscosity, loss on drying, solubility, ash value and swelling index. The results obtained from this study showed a yield of gum after extraction of 11.34 % and swelling index of 97.63 % after 48 hours. A 1 % w/v dispersion of gum gave pH and viscosity values of 6.73 and 4,333 mPa·s respectively. Myrianthus arboreus gum exhibited fairly good flow properties with angle of repose of 31.65 º, bulk and tapped densities of 0.46 and 0.62 g/ml respectively and Carr’s index value of 25.33 %. The gum was found to swell in cold water, soluble in hot water and insoluble in organic solvents. It can be concluded therefore that Myrianthus arboreus gum could possibly be used as pharmaceutical excipient for the formulation of liquid and solid dosage forms

Effective communication is a fundamental requirement for any effective strategic plan implementation; organizational communication plays an important role in training, knowledge acquisition and retention during the process of strategic plan implementation. This study examined dynamics of information communication technology on implementation of strategic plans in public secondary schools in Kenya. The study was anchored on goal setting theory. The study was guided by a mixed method Research design. The study sample comprised of 9 sub-county education officials, 85 chairs Board of management, 85 principals and 85 senior teachers. The study employed both probability and nonprobability sampling designs. Quantitative data was collected through questionnaire while qualitative data using interview. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive, for inferential statistics was through theme and narration. The findings of this study revealed that information communication technology have a significant relationship on implementation of strategic plan in public secondary schools. The study concluded that information communication technology is an essential requires all levels, and all functions in the school should be generated through communication, involvement and commitment of people in school The study recommended that the management on public secondary schools should consider adopting training programmes during strategic plans implementation, this will help the institutions to gather valuable information that will provide valuable insights in the strategic plans implementation. This study will be useful in formulating and developing network that would enable the schools to improve on strategic planning process.

The current study is aim to explore the relationship between the Employee performance management system and knowledge management practices in academicians of Saudi Arabian Education sector. Using of EPMS is become cotemporary tool in Saudi education system however use of EPMS effects on employees’ Knowledge management practices is still sparse yet. In the light, this current study entails to highlights issues related knowledge management and employees performance. The data were collected from the academician of Saudi Arabian education sector by applying cross sectional data sampling technique. The results were drawn by utilization of PLS-SEM technique. The findings of study concluded that there is consistent and significant relationship between dimension of knowledge management and EPMS. In the last limitations and future recommendations is drawn.

Abstract: Medical professionals around the world are facing new challenges day in and day out. With the ever-growing advances, the ever-expanding populations and ever complicating life issues, doctors are expected to in their best order and shape at every snap shut of time. This review highlights the principles of medical professionalism. Literature search strategy included electronic database searches, internet searches, hand searching, ancestry searching and networking. The new aspects of medical professionalism are providing a framework within which doctor duties towards the patients are being met with the enhancement with doctor qualities. So much accentuation nowadays is made on patient’s autonomy and confidentiality. In this review, these aspects of the professionalism are being discussed.

Abstract: We describe the first and rare case report of a cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) in a seventh decade diabetic and hypertensive women from low highlands, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The evidence of the clinical scenario, laboratories testing , radiological images findings followed by treatment with steroid is quite enough to diagnose COP, irrespective of lung tissue biopsy procedures and processing accessibility for histopathology, in a timely manner as reveals in Yahya Al-FIFI’s diagnostic criteria for cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) without a lung tissue histopathology. We started a methylprednisolone forty milligram intravenously every eight hourly for seven days which is showing a dramatic clinical improvement within initial twenty-four hours of first seven days and complete recovery clinically and radiologically, at the end of the following fourteen days of tapering prednisolone doses without a relapse for seven months. Our successful experience approach in this case of COP has several advantages include that an early diagnosis and introduction of methylprednisolone may lead to preserve lung function, avoidance of biopsies procedure complications, may prevent relapses, early hospital discharge, improve the morbidity, mortality and the quality of life of the patient. So, we conclude these clinical, laboratories testing, and radiological findings are quite enough to diagnosing and treating with methylprednisolone to rescue patient life, when a lung biopsy performance accessibility or feasibility is obscured or delayed. We observe that beta-lactam; ceftriaxone and piperacillin/tazobactam, glycopeptide; vancomycin and macrolide; clarithromycin antibiotics are not effective in our patient COP case scenario. “Yahya Al-FIFI’s diagnostic criteria for cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) without a lung tissue histopathology is easy and sufficient enough to assess physician to diagnose COP in acceptable time frame and may have favorable outcome over all.

Abstract: Glass fibers find use in automotive, building, marine, wood and numerous other industries, reaching 5 million tons annual consumption, mainly comprising the reinforcing phase in polymers. The high amount of industrial demand have also caused an increasing research interest for their recovery, recycle and reuse as solid waste treatment and utilization for cost effective and environmentally friendly production processes. In this study, the effects of matrix/fibers ratio on the mechanical and physical properties of glass fiber reinforced composites were investigated. The properties of polyesters were compared with the reinforced polyester. The microstructure of the composites was characterized by SEM-SE technique. It was determined that with the increasing glass fibers content, the flexural and impact strength were reduced, while the flexural modulus and hardness were enhanced and the total porosity was increased.

Eventhough Tuberculosis is widespread in India; parotid gland involvement is very rare. TB primarily affects the lung, but in about 15 – 20% of the cases extra pulmonary involvement can be seen. Here we present a case of TB parotid abscess in a 45 year old diabetic male patient

Abstract: Since the dawn of the era of innovation, the need for novel methods in making life easier has been interminable. The learning process shows no exceptions to this rule. One would argue for the classic methods in handling the trade of information between the teacher and the students, which has been unilateral. The introduction of problem based learning (PBL) process to the system of education is facing many struggles. In this student-centered active learning process, the teacher is just a guide focal point of education systems. Literature search strategy included electronic database searches, internet searches, hand searching, ancestry searching and networking. Objectives: The objective of this review article is to study the challenges, obstacles and critical incident in PBL tutorial groups. Problem base learning model is counteracting by a lot of educational, financial and psychological challenges and barriers.

In pharmaceutical industry, researchers aim at catering to the need of robust analytical methods for analysis of generic drug products. A simple, novel and efficient stability indicating HPLC method has been developed in a multi component drug formulation for simultaneous estimation of Salbutamol, Theophylline and Ambroxol in presence of their degraded products. This HPLC method uses Inertsil ODS C18 column HPLC column, phosphate buffer pH 6.3 and Methanol: Water: Acetate Buffer 60:35:05 v/v as mobile phase in isocratic mode with UV detection at 239 nm. The method was validated and found to be precise, robust, accurate, linear (range of 1‐6μg/ ml, 50-300 μg/ ml and 15‐90 μg/ ml for Salbutamol, Theophylline and Ambroxol respectively), and specific for degraded products ensuring suitability of the method for quantitative determination of Salbutamol, Theophylline and Ambroxol. The method is stability-indicating, and therefore qualified and reliable for demonstrating and detecting any expected change or degradation in the drug product during stability studies. The method developed here is found to be novel, robust and rugged enough to reproduce accurate and precise results under different method conditions

The present study was aimed to look for the effect of a natural compound i.e. Crocin on the viability of mature adipocytes and on inhibition of adipocyte differentiation. The 3T3-L1 cell line is one of the most well-characterized and reliable models for studying the conversion of pre-adipocytes into adipocytes. 3T3- L1 pre-adipocytic cell line was used and differentiated into mature adipocytes using standard adipogenic media. The MTT assay was used for the assessment of cell viability whereas effect on adipocyte differentiation was visualised by Oil Red O staining. The changes in relative lipid content were monitored spectrophotometrically at 510nm. Mature adipocytes when treated with Crocin decreased cell viability in a dose dependent manner. It also showed an enhanced inhibition of adipocyte differentiation as monitored by Oil Red O Staining. The western blot analysis revealed significant increase in the expression levels of AMP activated protein Kinase which is a key regulator of energy homeostasis. Thus, the crocin seems to affect multi-potent anti-obesity parameters and may have promising benefits for the treatment and prevention of obesity.