Weed infestation is one of the major threats to crop growth and yield.Weed control is the method of limiting weed infestation so that crops can be grown profitably. Metsulfuron methyl + Chlorimuron ethyl is a new post-emergence herbicide in Bangladesh. Field trials were conducted at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur during Aman, 2014 and Boro, 2014-15 to evaluate the efficacy of Metsulfuron methyl 10% + Chlorimuron ethyl 2% WP on weed suppression and performance of transplanted rice. Metsulfuron methyl 10% + Chlorimuron ethyl 2% WP @ 15, 20 and 25 g ha-1 were applied and Pyrazosulfuran ethyl @ 125 g ha-1, weed free and unweeded control were used for comparison. Visual observation indicated that this herbicide possesses high selectivity and not toxic to rice plants. The results revealed that the major weed flora associated with the transplanted rice was mainly comprised of two grasses, two sedges and three broadleaves in Aman, 2014 and two grasses, two sedge and two broad leaves in Boro, 2014-15. The most dominant weeds were Cyperus difformis, Echinochloa crus-galli, Scirpus maritimus and Monochoria vaginalis in both the growing seasons. Application of Metsulfuron methyl 10% + Chlorimuron ethyl 2% WP @ 20 g ha-1 was most effective to suppress weed density and dry masses in both the seasons resulting increased grain yield more than 30% as compared to unweeded control. Therefore, Metsulfuron methyl 10% + Chlorimuron ethyl 2% WP @ 20 g ha-1 should apply at one to two leaf stage of weed may be recommended for effectively control weed in transplanted rice.

Abstract: This study aimed to calculate body fat of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) women according to different measurements. It investigated correlation between estradiol2 (E2)and testosterone (T) levels and type of obesity, correlation between skin tan and body mass index, correlation between E2 and T levels and food intake, and impact of high caffeine consumption on infertility. Thirty-two infertile PCOS women were included. Different body fat distribution measurements were calculated. On cycle day 2, E2 and T levels were measured. There were recognizable differences in number of obese PCOS women according to different body fat measurements. No significant increase was in E2 and T levels (p=0.41, p=0.18, respectively) for android obese compared to gynoid obese. No significant association was between BMI and skin tan (p=0.57). Notable increase was in number of brown-colored obese compared to white-colored obese. No significant increase was in E2 and T levels for mixed food consumers compared to vegetarian (p=0.82, p=0.11, respectively). Type of infertility and caffeine intake were independent factors. Out of seven high caffeine consumption secondary infertile, five complained from spontaneous miscarriage. Obesity adversely affected fertility. Brown-colored was more susceptible to obesity. Inadequate food intake participated in infertility. High caffeine intake increased susceptibility to spontaneous miscarriage.

Access and use to the right kind of information and possession of correct and relevant information resolves various problems faced by individuals in the slum and also helps them in decision making. Limited access to the right information at the right time deprives the slum dwellers the right to development. The information needs of the slum dwellers are not adequately identified and therefore the limited information resources they access and use are usually based on the assumption of information provided, through the public, from among themselves, NGOs, CBOs, the churches and the private sector. Therefore the aim of the study was to evaluate access and use of community information services to Kibera slum dwellers and to suggest the ways in which these services could be enhanced. Examine Information seeking habits of the slum dwellers in Kibera i. Assess the existing information resources and services ii. Establish the extent to which information resources and services meet user needs iii. Identify the format in which information is repackaged iv. Find out Challenges faced by accessing and using of information v. Suggest how access of information services by slum dwellers can be enhanced The major findings of the study were that Kibera slum dwellers faced various challenges which include high cost of information materials, Poor knowledge of existing information resources, poor marketing of information, lack of internet access, distance, language barrier, inadequate and outdated information sources that inhibited effective access and use of information. Recommendations were made based on the research findings.

Aim of the present work was to prepare the colon-targeting pH dependent microcapsules of Thymoquinone for the treatment of colorectal cancer. pH dependent polymer Eudragit L100,and S100 were used to formulate the microcapsules by solvent evaporation technique using two methods. Microcapsules were evaluated for particle size, shape, flow properties, surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy, percentage yield, drug content, and in vitro drug release behaviour, in vivo targeting efficiency. The formulated microcapsules were discrete, almost spherical with somewhat folded and invaginated surface, and with good flow properties. Thymoquinone loaded microcapsules demonstrated good entrapment efficiency (of 86.438% in method 1 and 92.49% in method 2). Result of in vivo targeting efficiency showed that the formulation can able to target colon effectively. Formulation done by method 2 gave most promising result compared to first method. It is concluded from the present study that pH dependent Eudragit microcapsules are promising carriers for oral colon-targeted delivery of Thymoquinone for colorectal cancer.

This paper utilized the compressive tests results to examine the crushing behaviour of wood ash particles (hardwood) reinforced polypropylene (WARPP) for crash energy management. The study employed Taguchi method of experimental design to generate data for the work. Gauss – Legendre two point rules was used to evaluate the area under the stress – strain curves which measured the amount of energy absorbed per unit volume of sample. With this evaluation method the highest ultimate strength of 10.5384J/m3 with corresponding work absorption of 1.1 x 10-5J was obtained. Also established with the compression data was the specific energy absorption of 0.01038J/Kg and compressive modulus of 4.9885N/mm2.

This study examines the macroeconomic factors which are affecting to real effective exchange rates (REER) from selected ten countries in Asia. Two panel regression approaches namely fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) and fixed effects are applied using panel data over the period 2002–2016. Empirical results show that presence of a significant long-term association amongst the REER and seven macroeconomic determents namely interest rate, inflation, trade balance, terms of trade, trade openness, foreign reserves and share price index and their significance are remaining same in all models applied. However, trade balance has a positive connection with the REER while other significant variables have a negative association with the REER in long run. Moreover, the money supply (M2) and real gross domestic production (GDP) do not show a significant relationship with the REER.

Zainab’ novel written by Al- Haikal was the first novel in modern Egyptian literature. The theme tells about women's freedom from the shackles of life traditions. Similar theme is found in Faridah Hanom‟s novel which is Malaysia's first novel, by Syed Syeikh al-Hadi. The plot of Faridah Hanom revolves around the above issue which takes the backdrop of Cairo and its surroundings. The current study aims to identify the similarities between Zainab's novel and Faridah Hanom's novel in terms of themes, characters, plots and backgrounds. The comparison and analysis carried out between the two novels clearly indicate that there are similarities in the selection of themes, characters, plot construction structures and depicted background images. The main theme of both novels is freedom of women from the grip of tradition that does not allow women the right to go out to work, to study and to choose a life partner. Both characters are similarly played by female characters and assisted by male characters. The only difference is the number of angles. From the point of the plot, both revolve around the love relationship between two teenagers as a result of love at first sight. The similarity of background, however, can be seen through the plots that occur in the Egyptian states, the cities of Alexandria and Sudan. In addition, the novels portray the village cultural lives. This equivalences show that the Zainab‟s novel has influenced the creation of Faridah Hanom's novel through adaptation form.

Abstract: Purpose of the study was to investigate the purpose of visitors to the Chinese Therapeutic Massage (CTM) shops and factor that affecting such visiting. Base on the theory of planned behavior, we collected 248 valid questionnaires to assess the hypotheses. The results showed that: (1) Main purpose of CTM shop visiting are pain relief and fatigue relief. (2) Respondent’s attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control jointly affect the behavioral intention of taking CTM with 47% of variance explained. (3) Perceived behavioral control was the most powerful predictor for CTM behavioral intention, and followed by the subjective norm. The results were consistent with those of the previous studies. The CTM business operator shall pay good attention on the patient’s social network such as family members, friends in work places for the possible impacts on their choice of this kind.

Potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer are common diseases effecting oral cavity. The survival rate of these patients has not much improved, inspite of advances in the treatment modalities, due to their adverse effects. Many alternative medicines such as turmeric, aloevera, neem, tulsi, green tea, photo dynamic therapy, CO2 laser and stem cell culture etc are used to overcome these adverse effects. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of turmeric along with honey in reducing the burning sensation in oral submucous fibrosis. Clinically diagnosed 30 patients of Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) were selected and local application of turmeric and honey was advised. Burning sensation using VAS scale was evaluated after 30 days. Statistical analysis was done using‘t’ test. There was significant decrease in VAS scale after treatment. In our study turmeric and honey showed positive results in reducing burning sensation in OSMF.

Abstract: Choosing a career path for graduate students could be a big challenging decision. It is often influenced by many other intervening factors such as, personality, type the available specialty path, social and the list goes on. It is natural for many freshly graduate medical students prefer to work in a medical facility with high technical setting to gain the needed experience. This preference seems to transcend cultural differences; it is noticed in different societies around the globe. Community based education (CBE) could offer a more community oriented path for educating students, motivate them, make them passionate about practicing in rural settings. This review highlights the results of studies done regarding Community based education (CBE) by different researchers with different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Extensive internet search has been done on research and experiments regarding Career Preference and community based education. A positive association between the CBE and the choice of students to work in rural areas has been reported. The feedback from students engaged in this program was quite satisfying.

Globalization nowaday is not only a trend but has become the flow that attracts all nations, gradually breaks the restless or more closure of these systems and will turn them into the part systems open completely that become the attached modules and mutual dependencies within a system of allocation of labor and the global market. One of the reasons that have a strong impact on the development of ASEAN is the origin of the cultural identity of the region. The first side of globalization process is an important factor contributing to the development of the ASEAN region strong; on the other hand, it also impacts on the cultural identity of the area. Acculturation Southeast Asian countries creat the ASEAN cultural identity, and promotes the interests of the countries of Southeast Asia.

Head and neck sarcomas are exceedingly rare, representing 4–10 per cent of all sarcomas and less than 1 per cent of head and neck malignanties. The objective of this study is to analyse epidemiological and histopathological data of these neoplasms in Fez, Morocco. This is a retrospective study including all head and neck sarcomas histologically proven between 2007 and 2016. It was conducted at the department of pathology of the Hassan II university hospital, fez, Morocco. The characteristics of patients including age, sex, location, and histological diagnosis were analyzed. 54 cases of head and neck sarcomas were diagnosed. There was a male predominance with a sex-ratio of 1.5. The mean age was 37.7 years (1 year-88years). There were 45 soft tissue sarcomas, mostly located in the face, and 9 bone sarcomas mostly located in the mandible. Rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma were the commonest types. In Fez, head and neck sarcomas share some characteristics with previous published series and present some differences. They occur mostly in males, with a younger age at diagnosis and a higher proportion of children. Soft tissue location is the most frequent, particularly facial and rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma are the commonest types

One of the most worrying issues around the world has been and remains the growth of criminality. Faced with the principle of territorial sovereignty, states were unable to prosecute persons who were already in the jurisdiction of another state. The only option was the application of the principle of territoriality which allowed States to apply their criminal legislation for offenses committed within that territory irrespective of the nationality of the author. Faced with such a situation, the states were more than aware that there was a need for international co-operation to put the perpetrators accountable. The interest to cooperate in this area emerged early after World War I and this cooperation became concrete after World War II. Initially as a co-operation to condemn war crimes and then other crimes. International criminal policies for combating and preventing criminality of criminal offenses have been numerous, but due to the increase of cross-border criminality, the practical implementation of these policies has become difficult. To avoid this, the states began to cooperate with each other through bilateral agreements in the criminal field. International co-operation dates back to mid-century. XVIII with the First Mutual Assistance Treaty between Italy and Monaco, which was later followed by other bilateral and tripartite treaties, mainly in the area of extradition. In addition to the extradition there was another disturbing problem, the punishment twice for the same offense as the perpetrator was punished by the state where he committed the basic crime of the principle of territoriality and by the state whose nationality he was based on the principle of active personality. Here was the cooperation for the recognition of foreign court decisions. The lines of cooperation in the field of the power of foreign court decisions date later than the extradition, the most important conventions that reflect this co-operation are: the European Convention on the International Validity of Judgments of Criminal Matters of 1970 and the Convention on Transfer Of prisoners with deprivation of liberty. "1983. In Albania, the beginnings of international cooperation in the criminal field are evidenced around 1925 with the adoption of the First Criminal Code.

This paper reviews the weekend effect on stock market returns. The weekend effect anomaly is contrary to the theory of market efficiency. This anomaly is appealing to be examined because the presence of weekend effect can be useful as a trading strategy that can gain profits for investors. Investors could buy stocks on days with abnormally low returns and sell stocks on days with abnormally high returns.

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare hereditary disease characterized by a congenital dysplasia of several structures of ectodermal origin. Common manifestations include defective hair follicles and eyebrows and deficiency of sweat glands. Intraorally, anodontia, hypodontia or oligodontia are the most common findings. We report the case of a four-year-old girl who was referred to the pediatric dentistry department of hospital la Rabta (Tunisia) and exhibited many of the dental manifestations of ED as well as general abnormalities. Our early oral rehabilitation was launched to improve oral functions and esthetics by including the fabrication of two removable prostheses and acid-etched composite resin restorations. The patient reported a good adaptation of the conventional dental removable prosthesis and parents were satisfied with the treatment.