In the present study, the isolated compound Punicaflavone (PF) from the methanolic flower extract of Punica granatum (Linn.) was subjected to toxicity assessment in Wistar albino rats. Sub-acute toxicity studies were carried out by oral administration of the PF from Punica granatum (Linn.) for a period of 28 days at different dose levels of 50, 100 and 200mg/kg body weight. No major changes in body and organ weight, behavioural, haematology and histology were observed at the end of 28 days of daily oral administration. Biochemical parameters such as the levels of Glucose, Protein, Urea and Creatinine in serum were found to be well within the normal limits. Histopathological examination of the major vital organs (heart, liver and kidney) revealed no significant pathological alterations in the treated group of rats. The sub-acute toxicity studies of the PF showed no mortality and no symptoms of toxicity or behavioral changes at the maximum dose (1000mg/kg). The results indicate that the PF is safe up to a dose of 1000 mg/kg.

Smart home is a residence with several electrical and electronic appliances that are capable of communicating with each other and can be controlled remotely from any room in the home or from any location in the world. Easy control of home appliances/devices and energy management has been the main goal that leads to the invention of smart homes. However, most of the systems developed for these homes are either complex or could not manage energy wastage efficiently which incurring more electricity bills cost. In this work, an intelligent home energy management system that is based on Least Square Regression (LSR) analysis is presented. The system is trained based on the historical data of occupant’s interaction with the appliances over a period of time. It monitors and computes the power consumption of home user over a period of time. This system takes decision and controlled the output using LSR based on what it learnt by alerting the home user on condition of accept or reject response through Android GUI Apps. The system performance evaluation based on the frequency prediction which is given as 0.77 RMSE, the activation time prediction is given as 127.89 seconds RMSE which is slightly above 2 minutes with a regression coefficient of (R=0.999988). The RMSE of 257.90 seconds for activation of duration prediction with regression coefficient analysis of (R= 0.989071).

Abstract: Multiple myeloma is hematological malignancy characterized by a clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow secreting a monoclonal immunoglobulin. Approximately 20% of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma present with renal failure and it is the second most common cause of death in these patients. This study was undertaken to review the spectrum of cases of myeloma from an exclusive renal centre. Renal disease was present in all patients before myeloma was diagnosed. All the 36 patients showed 'M'spike in serum electrophoresis and deranged renal function. Renal diseases consisted of mainly of acute renal failure (51%), chronic renal failure (36%) and nephrotic syndrome (13%). Thus, acute renal failure is the most common renal disease preceding the diagnosis of myeloma. Hence it is necessary to look for potential renal impairment in myeloma patients as reversal of renal function can be achieved with chemotherapy and hemodialysis treatment.

History as a master of the past; a commander of the present and subtle compass of the future is continuously bulging in length and breadth as new facts, intelligible methods of construction and auxiliary tools are discovered and used by professional historians to refocus emerging themes and concepts. With these new discoveries, the historical enterprise is expanding rapidly with a deal of both concord and disagreements arising from the analyses of commonly investigated historical facts. The ability of modern history to float freely and fittingly within the world of science and that of arts; further polished by its dynamism to use the other disciplines of the social science family to assert its causation and unique kinds of Historical truth, places the course on a complex paradigm. On a broad plain, European and western historians have fought hard to minimized disagreements on their historiography but African history and historiography is still bedevilled by the scourge of bias, misinterpretation and ignorance. The Republic of Cameroon at any point in time is a fine fitting to showcase the re-investigation of the past, understanding the present and casting the future. Going by colonial history, Cameroon shares a triple experience (German, British and French).By geography, her coastline gave her wider exposure to the Atlantic slave and legitimate trades and her geographical position permitted her to be influenced by historical developments in both west and central Africa.This paper from its various sources refocuses and interrogates the emerging debates and contrasting themes like colonial misgivings, self-centeredness of early nationalists and irresponsible leadership blamed for current multifaceted problems of Cameroon historiography today. It argues that the actors behind these themes and episodes can only be better appreciated and comprehended in the light of the prevailing circumstances at the time. Such a scholarship enterprise will create a sense of positive approach to Cameroon historiography thereby, giving us a command of the present trend of issues and casting an assuring future. It further perceives the diverse Cameroon historical heritage and the harm done to it by Eurocentric writings, not as vices but as potent episodes that reminds us of our foundational frames pointedly awful but worth being used to stimulate development and hope instead of remaining steadfast in the apportioning of blames in an era of abounding opportunities.

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of work motivation, organizational culture, and career development either partially or simultaneously on employee performance at PT Titis Sampurna Inspection. The research used quantitative analysis approach, with data collection method through the questionnaire was given to 100 respondents from the total population of 133 employees. The method for data analysis in this study using multiple linear regression analysis. Results of research show that the work motivation, organizational culture, and career development have a positive and significant impact on employee performance, either partially or simultaneously. The result of the research also shows that there is a quite strong correlation between the dimension of social requirement on the variable of work motivation with the dimension of job quality on the variable of employee performance, then between the dimension of person orientation in the variable of organizational culture with the dimension of cooperation ability on the variable of employee performance also have correlation is quite strong , there is also a quite strong correlation between the dimension of mentor and support in the variabel of career development with the dimensions of cooperation ability in the variable of employee performance.

Employee retention relates directly to how we reward them. Replacing employees in a company can be an arduous and an expensive exercise. Even in more secure industries such as the public sector, performance needs to be managed and staff motivated as in the private sector. Retention of experienced staff in both these industries is important to create competitive advantage and organisational success is restricted by the economic climate, retaining high performers with rewards has to be achieved while making all staff feel valued. As more and more organisations cross international boundaries to conduct business, rewards that are relevant in one country may not be as important in another. Organisations need to accurately measure and evaluate the performance of their employees and reward them accordingly. There should therefore be a direct link between a performance appraisal system and rewards emanating from that system. Many a time, performance management systems do not show any connection with the rewards that the employer gives to its employees thus rendering the performance approval system irrelevant.

Project Management in Guinea is growing rapidly such as in many developing countries. It’s heavily used now in diverse area such as in agriculture, construction, manufacturing, telecoms, IT, education, and so on. This high prevalence of making projects in various sectors determined the increasing importance of effective project management. Managing project rightly at a right time with multiple constraints (human and technical aspect) remains the main challenge for project managers. The relationship concerning successful project and the project success factors are topics of great interest in project management. The paper highlights the most Critical Success Factors (CSFs) through project planning, project top management support and stakeholder involvement in project implementation in Guinea.

Abstract: Background: Lung cancer is a type of cancer that arises in the lungs. Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the two major subtypes of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology, over a period of 1 year at a tertiary care hospital and teaching centre. A total of 125 cases comprising of 70 adenocarcinomas and 55 squamous cell carcinomas of lung were included in the study. Result: All 27 cases of well differentiated Adenocarcinoma were negative for P40 and 1 case showed positive P63 expression. Out of 43 cases of moderately differentiated Adenocarcinoma, 1 case was positive for P40 and 4 cases were positive for p63. Out of 19 cases of well differentiated Squamous cell carcinomas 18(94.7%) cases were positive for P40 and 18 (94.71%) cases were P63 positive. All 36 (100%) cases of moderately differentiated Squamous cell carcinoma showed positive P40 and P63 expression. Conclusion: Strong and diffuse P40 expression was noted in majority of lung squamous cell carcinomas and absence of P40 in most of the lung adenocarcinomas. Thus, p40 is an excellent marker for distinguishing lung squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma, and that its expression is equivalent to that of p63 in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Since P63 shows variable expression in lung adenocarcinomas; in moderately differentiated cases, a two-panel approach of p63 and p40 help to distinguish adenocarcinoma from squamous cell carcinomas.

The present study examined the anticonvulsant activity of the methanol stem bark extract of PK in mice and day old chicks against maximal electroshock (MES), pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), picrotoxin (PIC), and strychnine (STR) induced seizures. The CNS depressant ability of the extract was also investigated using diazepam-induced sleep test, and it was observed to significantly and dose dependently increase the sleep duration in the diazepam sleep test. The extract and fractions significantly and dose dependently increase the latency to onset of seizure in the PTZ and picrotoxin tests. In the strychnine test, the extract significantly increased the latency to seizure onset at the highest dose of 200 mg/kg, though none of the mice was protected from seizure as was the case with PTZ and PIC induced seizures. Considering the overall effect of PK, it may be concluded that the extract contains bioactive principles acting via enhancement of GABA inhibitory activity, and a second possibility via antagonism of the glutamate-NMDA receptors

Over the course of the last three decades agile project management has by far become the preferred approach to project management being employed by today’s organisations. The online and fast paced nature of today's market place has meant that organisations need to be able to deliver their projects much quicker and in shorter time frames then in previous times. A new way of working has meant that existing areas of project management have needed to evolve to align with this new way of working. One such area is that of risk management. Risk management plays an integral role in the success both of a project and the organisation itself. This manuscript aims to review how risk management can be performed within an agile project management framework.

In the present investigation the chemical effect on colour fastness of Phyllanthus muellerianus dyed wool was studied. Samples were assessed in terms of the colour fading to spotting with dilute hydrochloric acid, with 56% acetic acid, steeping for two minutes at room temperature in 28% ammonium hydroxide without rinsing, exposed to concentrated ammonia fume for 24 hours and spotting with 10% sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide respectively. Contact with dilute hydrochloric acid brings about significant changes in the color and fastness properties of natural dyed wool yarn. The colours however, remain stable after exposure or contact with alkalis and 56% acetic acid. It can be concluded that Phyllanthus muellerianus dyed wool fabric have good colour fastness to perspiration and except with mineral acids.

The study is an ecotoxicological evaluation of commercial fish farm in Ogbogoro (OGB), Rivers State Nigeria using anatomical/macro morphological assessment of Clarias gariepenus, and African Aquaculture Centre (ARAC) as a the reference site. The sampling involved harvesting of table-sized fish: twenty fishes from OGB and ten fishes from ARAC. The gross anatomy (fish necropsy) involved the determination of Fish Biometry (Condition factor, CF and Organosomatic Indices, OSI) and Health assessment index (HAI). Showed that: fishes from OGB were less healthy based on the CF; OGB were less Healthier based on OSI; OGB fishes were less Healthier based on HAI when compared to fishes from ARAC. It was concluded from the study that the fishes from Ogbogoro fish farm had certain level of pollution though considered to be moderate at the time of the study.

Fistula in Ano is a simple anorectal condition, however, has the potential to cause high morbidity. The usual line of surgical treatment for simple fistula in ano includes fistulotomy with marsupialization and fistulectomy. The present study was aimed to determine the overall outcomes after treatment of patients with fistulotomy with marsupialization and fistulectomy and compare the results in terms of post-operative complications and recurrences. Methods: The study involved 70 patients diagnosed with simple fistula in ano. Patients with morbid medical conditions and those diagnosed with complex fistulas were excluded from the study. The Clinical examination included perineal inspection, palpation, digital rectal examination and proctoscopic evaluation. The patients were then randomly divided into two groups. The group I patients underwent fistulectomy and the group II underwent fistulotomy with marsupialization. The patients were operated under general or regional anesthesia. The anorectal examination was done to verify the findings of the clinical examination. The patency of the tract was checked using the probe to the external opening. Seventy patients diagnosed with simple anal fistula were involved in the study. The mean distance of external fistula opening in group I was 2.6 ± 0.54 cms and the mean distance in group II was 2.5 ± 1.05. The duration of symptoms in group I and group II was 7.60 ± 2.9 and 8.85 ± 3.2 weeks respectively. The mean duration of surgery in group I was 12.5 ± 2.2, was 9.95 ± 1.25 in group II. Post-operative healing of the wounds was earlier in group II 4.06 ± 0.95 as compared to group I 5.15 ± 2.5. The mean VAS score was calculated on the 3rd postoperative day in both the group of patients. In group I the mean VAS score was 2.25 and the mean VAS score in Group II was 2.25. No patient in the study developed the wound infection and none had other complications. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study it can be concluded that fistulotomy with marsupialization and fistulectomy are equally effective in terms of the outcomes of treatment of simple fistula in ano. Although fistulectomy requires longer post-operative healing and the mean VAS scores were higher in the fistulectomy group then compared to fistulotomy group. No recurrence and occurrences of complications were noted in both the groups.

All this time many parties including parents do not care about the distribution of healthy information on sexual content to their adolescents so that many of them look for the information through social media. Right now the spread of websites with pornographic content occurs in social media including YouTube. This research aims at knowing the perception of adolescents on pornographic content in social media in relation to the influence of media information or the attitude of parents. It is the quantitative research with survey methods and data analysis using path analysis. The research results indicate that the attitude of parents on pornographic content in social media, YouTube gets influence from media information, and the perception of adolescents on pornographic content in social media YouTube gets influence from the attitude of their parents as well as media information gets influence the perception of adolescents on pornographic content in social media, YouTube. To avoid the negative impact of pornographic content in social media, parents should be more care about their adolescents particularly the planting of strong foundation on morality and religious teaching concepts to them.

Abstract:Thyroid hormones have many important biological functions in our body. One of the major functions is control of the basal metabolic rate and calorigenesis. Thyroid dysfunction causes remarkable changes in glomerular and tubular functions. In recent studies, it was found that hypo and hyperthyroidism associated with renal derangement resulting in abnormal serum creatinine and uric acid levels. Thus, this study was conducted for estimation and observation of changes in urea and creatinine in subclinical hypo and hyperthyroidism.Total 90 subjects were included in the study. Out of which 30 cases were clinically diagnosed subclinical hypothyroid patients and 30 were subclinical hyperthyroid, remaining 30 were controls. Triiodothyronine (T3),Thyroxine(T4), and TSH were estimated by fully automated Beckman coulter Access-2 analyser. Urea, uric acid and creatinine parameters were measured using automated clinical chemistry analyser. Statistical data analysis was performed by using SPSS 18.2 software. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism showed significant increase in serum uric acid and creatinine levels (p<0.0001) and patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism showed significant decrease in serum creatinine levels (p<0.0001). When correlated with TSH, serum creatinine showed positive correlation where it has negative for serum uric acid in case of SC hypothyroidism cases. For SC hyperthyroid cases, correlation was negative for serum creatinine and uric acid levels.The overall result of our study indicate that the urea, creatinine, uric acid levels were significantly impaired in subclinical hypo and hyperthyroidism. Therefore, we would emphasize the importance of the routine evaluation of these biochemical parameters in thyroid disorders.