This study is set out to present a syntactic analysis of ambiguous structures the headlines of political news reports in selected newspapers in Nigeria. The analysis aims at presenting what could be described as linguistic features of the ambiguous structures and as well determining the causes of the ambiguities. A total number of ten ambiguous structures taken from selected newspapers were analysed syntactically using the theory and sub theories of X-Bar syntax. An attempt is also made to categorize and characterise the ambiguities into types as revealed by the theory of syntax used. It was found out that most of the ambiguous structures were made ambiguous through the deletion or omission of certain sentential elements. The study concludes that, ambiguity, though a linguistic phenomenon, could be used deliberately and creatively by a writer as an instrument of humour and aesthetics in language use.

Abstract: Medical education has been the target focus for extensive analysis and ideas for improvement for many decades. Many shortcomings have been reported and addressed with varying effectiveness down the lane. The same argument would be valid regarding the community based education. Community based education addresses the issues facing different populations and establishes the community as its axis and revolves around it. So many rural areas in the globe today are in desperate needs to more oriented health care givers, who actually display the unique amalgamation of humanity and medical expertise. The goal of this review is to shed some light on the different challenges that may contribute to the implementation delay of such medical education course. These challenges have demonstrated themselves to be under various categories such as financial, cultural, and even political. Extensive internet search has been done on research and experiments regarding the community based education. Considering the different challenges that still face the community based education and so many diverse opinions about it effectiveness regarding quality; it is fair and safe to say that unbiased rational conclusion cannot be reached in the meantime. The appropriate remedies for such issues would be to take into account all of the factors in each community on individual basis.

The present study was aimed to look for the effect of a natural compound i.e. Crocin on the viability of mature adipocytes and on inhibition of adipocyte differentiation. The 3T3-L1 cell line is one of the most well-characterized and reliable models for studying the conversion of pre-adipocytes into adipocytes. 3T3- L1 pre-adipocytic cell line was used and differentiated into mature adipocytes using standard adipogenic media. The MTT assay was used for the assessment of cell viability whereas effect on adipocyte differentiation was visualised by Oil Red O staining. The changes in relative lipid content were monitored spectrophotometrically at 510nm. Mature adipocytes when treated with Crocin decreased cell viability in a dose dependent manner. It also showed an enhanced inhibition of adipocyte differentiation as monitored by Oil Red O Staining. The western blot analysis revealed significant increase in the expression levels of AMP activated protein Kinase which is a key regulator of energy homeostasis. Thus, the crocin seems to affect multi-potent anti-obesity parameters and may have promising benefits for the treatment and prevention of obesity.

In pharmaceutical industry, researchers aim at catering to the need of robust analytical methods for analysis of generic drug products. A simple, novel and efficient stability indicating HPLC method has been developed in a multi component drug formulation for simultaneous estimation of Salbutamol, Theophylline and Ambroxol in presence of their degraded products. This HPLC method uses Inertsil ODS C18 column HPLC column, phosphate buffer pH 6.3 and Methanol: Water: Acetate Buffer 60:35:05 v/v as mobile phase in isocratic mode with UV detection at 239 nm. The method was validated and found to be precise, robust, accurate, linear (range of 1‐6μg/ ml, 50-300 μg/ ml and 15‐90 μg/ ml for Salbutamol, Theophylline and Ambroxol respectively), and specific for degraded products ensuring suitability of the method for quantitative determination of Salbutamol, Theophylline and Ambroxol. The method is stability-indicating, and therefore qualified and reliable for demonstrating and detecting any expected change or degradation in the drug product during stability studies. The method developed here is found to be novel, robust and rugged enough to reproduce accurate and precise results under different method conditions

Marine macroalgae produce a great variety of biological active compounds which cannot be scientifically characterized with in other organism’s biomass. These marine habitats have been scientifically reported for modern medicinal uses although rheteoratically associated to coastal communities’ healthy eating and folk medicine practice. In tandem to this, these marine macroalgae have highly potentiate themselves as a tangible source of functional ingredients that is industrial applicable. Globally various division of geochemical marine macroalgae flora taxa (Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta) flourish. However, despite substantial optimised yield and empirical evidence of their health potential benefits, these macroalgae remained largely pharmaceutical and medical related industries innovative unexploited. Of these leads compounds, sulfated polysaccharides offer a wide range of physiological and chemical-biological activities that include antioxidative, anticoagulant, antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic and antihepatotoxic activities. Per se, the optimization of sulfated polysaccharides as functional food and Vis a Vis, as therapeutic agents is this millennium important research agenda. As such, this review extrapolates the bioprospect of sulfated polysaccharides (Sulfated galactans, Fucans, and Ulvans) from geochemical signature macroalgae potential context as functional food and as tangible source for drug discovery.

Blackfan-Diamond Anemia (BDA) is the only recognized form of congenital erythroblastopenia, its mechanisms of occurrence are still obscure. The unexpected discovery of a ribosomal protein "ribosomal protein S19 (rps19)" has made this pathology a star of ribosomopathies. This mutation is only found in 25% of patients. It presents a great clinical variability (typical and atypical form), but especially poses a real problem related to the complications and the therapeutic accessibility of which the allograft of the marrow remains the only curative means. We report an atypical case of BDA revealed by an anemic syndrome in an infant at the Hassan II University Hospital Center of Fez, Morocco

Obesity, a pathologic state characterised by excess fat reserves, is a serious health problem that increases the risk of numerous medical complications and mortality. The disease arises as a direct consequence of alterations in regulating energy balance in the body. The recent global rise in the prevalence of Obesity and unavailability of effective anti-obesity drugs has created an urgent need to understand and identify the important aspects related to the disease. In this review, we provide a perspective on the factors influencing Obesity, Obesity-associated disorders, pharmacological interventions and several other important concepts related to the disease.

Polymeric materials obtained from plant sources have become very versatile excipients for the formulation of pharmaceutical dosage form especially tablet dosage form. This study was aimed at the preliminary characterization of Myrianthus arboreus gum as pharmaceutical excipient. Myrianthus arboreus gum was extracted from the dried powdered leaves of Myrianthus arboreus plant and characterized based on parameters such as micromeritic properties, phytochemical evaluation, viscosity, loss on drying, solubility, ash value and swelling index. The results obtained from this study showed a yield of gum after extraction of 11.34 % and swelling index of 97.63 % after 48 hours. A 1 % w/v dispersion of gum gave pH and viscosity values of 6.73 and 4,333 mPa·s respectively. Myrianthus arboreus gum exhibited fairly good flow properties with angle of repose of 31.65 º, bulk and tapped densities of 0.46 and 0.62 g/ml respectively and Carr’s index value of 25.33 %. The gum was found to swell in cold water, soluble in hot water and insoluble in organic solvents. It can be concluded therefore that Myrianthus arboreus gum could possibly be used as pharmaceutical excipient for the formulation of liquid and solid dosage forms

Weed infestation is one of the major threats to crop growth and yield.Weed control is the method of limiting weed infestation so that crops can be grown profitably. Metsulfuron methyl + Chlorimuron ethyl is a new post-emergence herbicide in Bangladesh. Field trials were conducted at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur during Aman, 2014 and Boro, 2014-15 to evaluate the efficacy of Metsulfuron methyl 10% + Chlorimuron ethyl 2% WP on weed suppression and performance of transplanted rice. Metsulfuron methyl 10% + Chlorimuron ethyl 2% WP @ 15, 20 and 25 g ha-1 were applied and Pyrazosulfuran ethyl @ 125 g ha-1, weed free and unweeded control were used for comparison. Visual observation indicated that this herbicide possesses high selectivity and not toxic to rice plants. The results revealed that the major weed flora associated with the transplanted rice was mainly comprised of two grasses, two sedges and three broadleaves in Aman, 2014 and two grasses, two sedge and two broad leaves in Boro, 2014-15. The most dominant weeds were Cyperus difformis, Echinochloa crus-galli, Scirpus maritimus and Monochoria vaginalis in both the growing seasons. Application of Metsulfuron methyl 10% + Chlorimuron ethyl 2% WP @ 20 g ha-1 was most effective to suppress weed density and dry masses in both the seasons resulting increased grain yield more than 30% as compared to unweeded control. Therefore, Metsulfuron methyl 10% + Chlorimuron ethyl 2% WP @ 20 g ha-1 should apply at one to two leaf stage of weed may be recommended for effectively control weed in transplanted rice.

Purpose: We studied the association of pre-operative serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels with pathological variables, mainly extra-prostatic extension, in North African men with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy (RP). Material and Methods: Preoperative serum SHBG levels were measured in 88 consecutive men who underwent RP. We analyzed potential association of preoperative serum SHBG level with extra-prostatic extension of a tumor in RP specimens via multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: In univariate analysis, preoperative serum SHBG level was observed to be significantly associated with extra-prostatic extension (p = 0.03) and with pathological Gleason score (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, serum SHBG level (p= 0.03) along with serum PSA level (p<0.001), biopsy Gleason score (P<0.001), and clinical stage (p= 0.04) was observed to be an independent predictor of the extraprostatic extension of the cancer. However, serum SHBG level was not found to be a potential predictor for pathological Gleason pattern (p=0.08). Conclusion: Our results showed that preoperative serum SHBG level may achieve independent predictor status for extra-prostatic extension, after accounting for routinely available preoperative parameters.

Abstract: Glass fibers find use in automotive, building, marine, wood and numerous other industries, reaching 5 million tons annual consumption, mainly comprising the reinforcing phase in polymers. The high amount of industrial demand have also caused an increasing research interest for their recovery, recycle and reuse as solid waste treatment and utilization for cost effective and environmentally friendly production processes. In this study, the effects of matrix/fibers ratio on the mechanical and physical properties of glass fiber reinforced composites were investigated. The properties of polyesters were compared with the reinforced polyester. The microstructure of the composites was characterized by SEM-SE technique. It was determined that with the increasing glass fibers content, the flexural and impact strength were reduced, while the flexural modulus and hardness were enhanced and the total porosity was increased.

This study examines the macroeconomic factors which are affecting to real effective exchange rates (REER) from selected ten countries in Asia. Two panel regression approaches namely fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) and fixed effects are applied using panel data over the period 2002–2016. Empirical results show that presence of a significant long-term association amongst the REER and seven macroeconomic determents namely interest rate, inflation, trade balance, terms of trade, trade openness, foreign reserves and share price index and their significance are remaining same in all models applied. However, trade balance has a positive connection with the REER while other significant variables have a negative association with the REER in long run. Moreover, the money supply (M2) and real gross domestic production (GDP) do not show a significant relationship with the REER.

Abstract: Medical professionals around the world are facing new challenges day in and day out. With the ever-growing advances, the ever-expanding populations and ever complicating life issues, doctors are expected to in their best order and shape at every snap shut of time. This review highlights the principles of medical professionalism. Literature search strategy included electronic database searches, internet searches, hand searching, ancestry searching and networking. The new aspects of medical professionalism are providing a framework within which doctor duties towards the patients are being met with the enhancement with doctor qualities. So much accentuation nowadays is made on patient’s autonomy and confidentiality. In this review, these aspects of the professionalism are being discussed.

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between social intelligence and change leadership behaviors. Seventy-six managers of five listed firms in Thailand were gathered for data collection through the modified version of TromsØ social intelligence scale and a newly developed scale of change leadership. Using stepwise regression analysis, results of this study revealed that social information processing explained 22% of variance (R2 = .222, F (1, 76) = 21.106, p < .001), which demonstrated a significantly positive relationship between social information processing and change leadership (β = .471, p <.001). This can be concluded that the more managers had social information processing characteristic, the more likely they would demonstrate their change leadership behaviors. Discussion, limitations, and recommendations for further studies were also discussed.

Abstract: In this study, it was aimed to determine the adaptations, yield potentials of some dry bean genotypes and some agricultural characteristics to the Central Anatolian ecology. The research was carried out in three replications according to the randomized blocks design for two years in 2015 and 2016 in a farmer’s experiment area in the center of Mucur district of Kirsehir province. It was determined that there were significant statistical differences between the genotypes in terms of all examined yield parameters. When the agronomic characteristics of the genotypes were evaluated together, it was found that K.1084, A.40, A.130 and GK.314 genotypes had very low values of yield parameters and Goynuk 98, Sahin 90 and A.27 genotypes were found to be more suitable for adaptation to Kirsehir ecological conditions than other genotypes. It was suggested that these genotypes should be laid emphasis on in terms of region.