The Swedish financial crisis, dealing with financial deregulation and the boom in the late 1980s, the bust and the financial crisis in the early 1990s, the recovery from the crisis and the bank resolution policy adopted during the crisis are reviewed. The paper focuses on: the causes and consequences of the financial crisis, and the applicability of the Swedish model of bank crisis management for countries currently facing financial problems.

Debacle reaction and recuperation endeavors require auspicious association and coordination of open crisis benefits so as to spare lives and property. Today, IT is utilized as a part of this field just to a restricted degree; however there is a huge potential for expanding productivity and viability in adapting to a calamity. In this paper we outline necessities and imaginative innovation for an incorporated fiasco administration correspondence and data framework, tending to specifically arrange, setup, planning and information administration issues amid the reaction and recuperation stages.

This study was conducted to examine how faculty development programs impact on turn over intentions of faculty working in business schools in Kerala state which is approved by All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE). This study also aims to evaluate the relationship between demographic variables of faculty and staying intentions of teaching faculty. Data in this empirical and exploratory study came from responses to scheduled questionnaire and follow-up interviews of 113 faculty members. Turnover intention period of faculty or attrition rate are dependent on Faculty Development Program in business Schools. Married female faculties are willing to continue their job more number of years than married male faculties in institution. Ideal and qualified faculty is the resource of great worth which will ultimately improve the institutional standards in terms of quality and productivity. Every business school strives to recruit qualified faculty who can only produce highly competent and socially responsible students. Therefore, it is crucial for business schools to retain the talented faculty by equipping them with number of training and development programs as and when it is needed. Feedback and results of this study can better serve as a resource for decision making about effective talent management practices for administrators of business schools and policy makers. Findings of this study provide data and information that will bring down faculty turnover ratio in business schools.

This paper utilized the compressive tests results to examine the crushing behaviour of wood ash particles (hardwood) reinforced polypropylene (WARPP) for crash energy management. The study employed Taguchi method of experimental design to generate data for the work. Gauss – Legendre two point rules was used to evaluate the area under the stress – strain curves which measured the amount of energy absorbed per unit volume of sample. With this evaluation method the highest ultimate strength of 10.5384J/m3 with corresponding work absorption of 1.1 x 10-5J was obtained. Also established with the compression data was the specific energy absorption of 0.01038J/Kg and compressive modulus of 4.9885N/mm2.

One of the common clinical observations regarding long-standing diabetes is peripheral neuropathic pain, probably due to its destructive effects on the pain modulating neurons of the dorsal gray column of the spinal cord. Accordingly, the current study was aimed to analyze the effect of experimental hyperglycemia on pain modulating neurons in the lamina I-III of lumbar region of spinal cord of albino rats. Thirty-six albino rats with average weight ~250 g were grouped equally into six. Diabetes was induced with a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg, i.p.). At the end of each experimental period, rats were euthanized by deep ether anesthesia, blood was collected and animals were perfused with Karnovsky fixative. Spinal cord was dissected and processed for histopathological and morphometric parameters and blood for biochemical analysis. Biochemical analysis of all diabetic groups revealed increased serum creatinine and reduced serum total protein. Histopathology and histomorphometry of dorsal gray column and ependymal cells and surrounding structures revealed that with the progressively increasing duration of hyperglycemia was associated with decreased number of pain modulating neurons in the lamina I-III as well as ependymal cell and in addition deposition of collagen fibers in the tunica adventitia of spinal arteries and around the small spinal vessels. The associations of long-standing hyperglycemia with reduction of dorsal gray column inter neurons, demyelination of nerve fibres and excessive deposition of collagen fibers in the tunica adventitia of blood vessels appear to be important contributing factors likely to be responsible for the diabetes-induced peripheral neuropathic pain

Many renewable energy-based systems are being used to increase the utilization of renewable energy as they have huge potential nowadays; the investigation of the utilization of fuel cells and solar energy in cars are important where the investigation and understanding of the technical aspects are crucial such as how the flow of electrons creates direct electric current in both fuel cells and photovoltaic systems. In this article, a prototype of a car used hydrogen produced on board by analyzing water. This hydrogen used to operate a fuel cell that generates electricity capable to run a car. The characteristic curves of the fuel cell were measured and evaluated. The results show that this type of cars can be promising in the next few years.

The current study is aim to explore the relationship between the Employee performance management system and knowledge management practices in academicians of Saudi Arabian Education sector. Using of EPMS is become cotemporary tool in Saudi education system however use of EPMS effects on employees’ Knowledge management practices is still sparse yet. In the light, this current study entails to highlights issues related knowledge management and employees performance. The data were collected from the academician of Saudi Arabian education sector by applying cross sectional data sampling technique. The results were drawn by utilization of PLS-SEM technique. The findings of study concluded that there is consistent and significant relationship between dimension of knowledge management and EPMS. In the last limitations and future recommendations is drawn.

This paper aims to investigate the effect of gender and nationality of 9th and 10th grade students in public and private schools of India, Pakistan and Zimbabwe on their achievement in mathematics based upon achievement data (n=5996) for session 2012-2013 which was gathered manually in 2013 from the participated schools of all the countries (India, Pakistan & Zimbabwe) where each country contributed 2000 sample of students collected from 20 schools and data of four students from Zimbabwe was lost, so total sample of the study was 5996 students. The influence of public and private schools was also examined on students’ achievement for the total sample. Data was analyzed by using t-test, analysis of variance and results of the study indicated that significant differences existed on the mathematics achievement of public and private school students of all the three countries and private school students achieved better in mathematics than public school students indicating private school students still achieve better than students of public schools. Besides, male and female students in public and private schools of each country achieved equal in mathematics indicating no gender disparity even in public and private schools which provides new insight that male and female students achieve equal in public schools as well as in private schools, although, private school students achieve more scores in mathematics than public school students. In addition, analysis of variance indicated that Indian public school and private school students achieve more than students of other two countries. Indian male students of public schools achieved more than public school students of Pakistan and Zimbabwe. Similarly, performance of Indian female students of public schools in mathematics was better than Pakistan and Zimbabwe public school students. Furthermore, both male and female students of private schools of India achieved better in mathematics than male and female private school students of Pakistan and Zimbabwe. Findings show that there was no gender disparity in public and private schools of the examined countries while nationality had significant effect on mathematics achievement of students as Indian students achieved highest in public and private schools than students of other two countries.

This research aims to analyze the partial effect of Perceived Usefulness on Attitude toward Using, Perceived Ease of Use on Attitude toward Using, Perceived Trust on Attitude toward Using and the simultaneous influence of Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and Perceived Trust on Attitude Toward Using. The population of this research is regular customers of Ikens Group wholesalers who have downloaded and installed Ikens wholesale mobile apps which spread throughout Indonesia and currently have 320 subscribers. The number of samples is determined by using Slovin formula at 5% error rate which is 178. The quantitative analysis method is by using equation analysis of multiple linear regressions followed by simultaneous test (F-test), partial hypothesis testing (t-test), and determination analysis (R Square) with a 5-percent alpha (0.05). Before the regression test, data quality and classical assumption tests were performed first. The tool for analysis is by using IBM SPSS Statistics software version 23 for Mac. The result of this research shows that the Perceived Usefulness has a strong effect on the partial Attitude Toward Using, the Perceived Ease of Use has an moderate effect on the partial Attitude Toward Using, the Perceived Trust has a strong effect on the Attitude Toward Using, as well as the simultaneous Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and Perceived Trust influence the Attitude Toward Using of mobile application (m-Commerce) Ikens Group Jakarta, Indonesia.

Debates about the role and relevance of international law in contemporary world have acquired new intensity in light of the U.S. coalition's decision to invade Iraq in March 2003 without a clear legal basis or even exhausting a diplomatic solution. Some have interpreted the lack of compliance in this case as proof of irrelevance of the U.N. Charter use of force paradigm. Motivated by certain debates, this paper takes a deeper look at how international law regulates the military action on the use of force operates in the broader context of international politics and in what ways it may affect political processes and outcomes in this highly sensitive area. Integrating and building on different perspectives, the first part of the paper explores the effect of using military action on Iraq. The second part then examines the role of international relations in the processes of shaping, justifying and evaluating the diplomatic solutions before using military actions. Eventually, this paper confirms that international law on regulating military action plays a significant role in contemporary international relations.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive loss and damage of articular cartilage. Increased collagenase activity has a direct impact in the cleavage of type II collagen in osteoarthritis. Somatic mutations such as non-synonymous single nucleotide variants (nsSNVs) in coding regions have a role in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases including OA. Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) is a critical target gene in the progression of osteoarthritis. Liver injury and regeneration have both been linked to MMP-13 gene expression. Analysis of MMP-13 gene was conducted using online bioinformatics tool, COSMIC and nsSNVs contributing to possible accumulation events that leads to osteoarthritic phenotypes were identified. The most frequently occurring missense mutation was found to be p.T280M; threonine to methionine that showed gain in function. Moreover, to get insight into the effect of mutation on protein structure and drug binding, MMP-13 three-dimensional structure was analyzed through COSMIC 3D. Structural analyses revealed amino acid substitutions located in hemopexin (HPX) domain. Hemopexin domains are thought to be required in the activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) via increased activation of pro enzyme and thus, increased collagen hydrolysis. Therefore, there may be a possibility to modify enzyme activity through antagonist molecules targeted to such alternative enzyme domains. For this reason possible drug binding sites were also identified using COSMIC 3D. An understanding of the mechanisms of activation of procollagenases is important to prevent cartilage destruction and could be utilized for the rational design of novel MMP-13 inhibitors.

This paper is deals with the robustness property of various intelligent control methods namely Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA), and Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA) for the design of Power system stabilizer for multi machine power system. The problem of robustly tuning of PID based stabilizer design is formulated as an optimization problem according to the time domain-based objective function with some performance indices which is solved by intelligent control methods that have a strong ability to find the most optimistic results. To demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed stabilizers, the design process takes a wide range of operating conditions and system configuration into account. The comparison is carried out in terms of robustness, peak over shoot and settling time of the system dynamic response. For completeness, the performance of conventional controllers is also included. The results of these studies show that the proposed intelligent control methods based PID type stabilizers have an excellent capability in damping power system oscillations and enhance greatly the dynamic stability of the power system in addition to maintaining robustness for a wide range of loading conditions.

Abstract: Choosing a career path for graduate students could be a big challenging decision. It is often influenced by many other intervening factors such as, personality, type the available specialty path, social and the list goes on. It is natural for many freshly graduate medical students prefer to work in a medical facility with high technical setting to gain the needed experience. This preference seems to transcend cultural differences; it is noticed in different societies around the globe. Community based education (CBE) could offer a more community oriented path for educating students, motivate them, make them passionate about practicing in rural settings. This review highlights the results of studies done regarding Community based education (CBE) by different researchers with different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Extensive internet search has been done on research and experiments regarding Career Preference and community based education. A positive association between the CBE and the choice of students to work in rural areas has been reported. The feedback from students engaged in this program was quite satisfying.

In this paper, I argue that there is clear evidence of neglect of higher education in post-independent South Sudan. The study, therefore, interrogates the scope of the higher education crisis in the country and assesses prospects for change from the standpoint of equity and quality using institutionalism as a theoretical framework. The study points out that the crisis of the system runs through the tapestry of South Sudan’s history of state formation against which the variable of nation-building at the dawn of Independence in 2011 has failed to assign adequate value for higher education in the pursuit of the objectives of national transformation in particular, and modernisation in general. It remains to be seen if the political leadership and the academic community could define the payload of South Sudan’s higher education system as the country transitions into a constitutional democracy capable of according greater autonomy and initiative to its universities; and revisiting the whole gamut of post-secondary education in order to render it more responsive to addressing the needs of society, particularly in non-academic streams of learning. Besides the historical and institutional challenges, the higher education system of South Sudan must expedite its internationalisation as its formative years wane out. The fundamental requirement is for its competent and dynamic scholars to lead a spirited dialogue and concerted action that should not be broken off by recurrent political violence. This is a must if South Sudan is to stand on the cusp of real transformation in its higher education landscape.

Ultrasonography is the most common screening test for cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. It is easy, non invasive, and safe and a highly accurate imaging technique that can also detect associated lesions of the liver, pancreas and common bile duct (CBD). Recent studies have demonstrated that laparoscopic removal of gallbladder may be accomplished with a morbidity and mortality rate comparable to or less than that of traditional open cholecystectomy. The present study was conducted to look for some predictive factors on ultrasonography of gallbladder that can give surgeon some idea about the potential difficulty and complications that may be encountered during the course of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study presents analysis of 51 patients of cholelithiasis, requiring elective cholecystectomy from 1st May 2008 to 30th April 2009. The study was conducted in the Department of Surgery and Department of Radio diagnosis, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (M.P.). The ultrasonography of the patients was done on the day of surgery in the department of Radio diagnosis, G.R. Medical College, Gwalior. The patients were fasting overnight for the maximal distention of the gallbladder. The ultrasonography was done with 3.5 Mhz probe on Diatonic spectra color Doppler ultrasound on B mode, gray scale, real time scan.The mean gallbladder wall thickness in the study was 2.9 mm (maximum - 5.6 mm and minimum – 1.8 mm). There were 8 patients who had gallbladder wall thickness more than 4 mm. There were 7 (13.2%) patients with contracted gallbladder. There were 6 (11.76 %) patients with gallstone impacted at the neck of gallbladder or Hartman's pouch. There were only 2 patients with common bile duct diameter more than 6 mm. Out of total 51 cases 7 (13.72%) cases were converted to open procedure. Significant correlation was found between the independent ultra-sonographic parameters (that is gallbladder wall thickness, contracted gallbladder, stone impaction at the neck of gallbladder) with the difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy and their subsequent conversion to open cholecystectomy. The most valuable assessment the ultrasound can provide is the gall bladder wall thickness, gall bladder size, CBD diameter and CBD stones and any abnormal anatomy of the biliary tract if present. Thick gallbladder wall is a finding, which may show that more adhesions may be found during surgery.