Abstract: The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of weight jocket on Vo2 Max among college football players. To achieve this purpose of the study, thirty netball players were selected as subjects who were from the various faculties, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar. The selected subjects were aged between 19 to 24 years. They were divided into two equal groups of fifteen each, Group I underwent weight jocket training and Group II acted as control that did not participate in any special training apart from their regular sports and games practices. The subjects were tested on selected criterion variable such as Vo2 max prior to any immediately after the training period. The selected criterion variable such as Vo2 max was determined through using Treadmill. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to find out the significant differences if any, between the experimental group and control group on selected criterion variable. The 0.05 level of confidence was fixed to test the significance, which was considered as an appropriate. The result of the present study has revealed that there was a significant difference among the experimental and control group on Vo2 max.

Abstract: The aim of the paper/study was to investigate categories, causes and consequences of risks in sports identified by Sports administrators in State Sports Councils, South East, Nigeria. In order to achieve the research objectives, three research questions guided the study. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and use one hundred and fifty-five sports administrators (Directors of sports, organizing secretaries and coaches) as population and sample for the study. Structured and validated questionnaire was used for data collection and all statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Hundred and thirty-five copies of the questionnaire were used for data analysis because other copies suffered mortality. Mean scores were used to answer the research questions using 2.50 as the criterion mean. From the results, risk of injury, risks of financial loss and risk of damaging sports facilities were identified by the sports administrators as risks in sports with risk of injury as the most occurred risk. Also, the sports administrators identified the cause and consequences they encounter in their various sports councils depending on the category of risk. The study concluded that sports administrators in State Sports Councils, South East, Nigeria, know the pertinent risks they encounter as they discharge their duties and cause and effects of such risks.

The Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst (COC) represents a heterogeneous group of lesions that exhibits a variety of clinicopathologic and behavioural features. Therefore a proper categorization of the cases is needed for better understanding of each variant. Ameloblastoma is one of the well-known odontogenic tumours that could be associated with Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst. Very few cases of Ameloblastomatous calcifying odontogenic cyst have been reported in the literature. In this report we present a case of ameloblastomatous transformation of calcifying odndontogenic cyst.

The production and consumption of building materials have increased to leaps and bounds in the past few decades due to tremendous increase in population. As the production of building materials gets increased, generation of waste materials such as fibers, granules, ashes, effluents etc. also gets increased. Nowadays wastes of different types are being used effectively in concrete either partially and fully which helps in making of green concrete. Fiber reinforced concrete is a special type of concrete in which natural or synthetic fibers with different aspect ratios are used to eliminate or reduce crack formation and to improve various mechanical strength properties when mixed along with fly ash, silica fumes etc. in optimal dosages. In order to study the influence of waste on various strength properties of cement concrete, different dosages of cement are replaced with fly ash and also with coconut fiber or wollastonite fiber were added. The compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength were experimentally evaluated and modulus of elasticity was empirically determined. Based on the test results, the concrete with 20% replacement of cement with fly ash and fiber revealed effective results when compared to concrete without fiber. Coconut fiber along with minimum dosages of fly ash has greatly improved the flexural strength on the other hand it reduces other mechanical properties at higher dosages. Combination of Wollastonite fiber with fly ash helps in the improvement of overall mechanical strength of cement concrete.

Doha, the capital city of the State of Qatar, has undergone rapid economic growth and urbanization over the past 20 years. In contrast with developed countries, where sustainable development has been implemented on a neighborhood scale, sustainable planning research has still been concentrated at the national level and less on the neighborhood level in the State of Qatar. Achieving the development of healthy cities without green and sustainable neighborhoods within them is challenging. The dynamism, livability and diversity of cities rely upon the cohesion of its neighborhoods as they make up the urban fabric from which enduring settlements are formed. Moreover, walkability and connectivity have been identified as two of the central aspects for enhancing neighborhood livability. However, the introduction of the car has transformed traditional pedestrianized street patterns into a car-dominant street network, with traditional walking Souqs replaced by destination-based strip-shopping. This study aims to examine the extent to which the heritage neighborhood site of the Souq Waqif in Doha is livable and what further implementations can be employed to increase its social sustainability (livability).

Service is an important factor in competition for banking services industry. Effective and efficient services can have a positive impact on the economic sustainability of a bank. Strategy that can be applied is giving more attention to the physical environment and employee’s quality of service so that will impact on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. This study aims to determine the effect of relationships between servicescape, employee service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. This study uses secondary and primary data distributed to 150 respondents of Bank Mandiri, co, Ltd Branch Jakarta Cimanggis. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. The method of analysis used in this study is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with LISREL 9 method. The results showed that the servicescape and employee service quality have a positive significant effect on customer loyalty through Customer Satisfaction at Bank Mandiri, co, Ltd Branch Jakarta Cimanggis.

This paper presents the results of an empirical and theoretical literature review to effects of business records in business profitability in SMEs. Three research questions are addressed: how business records contributed towards business performance of SMEs? What types of records they kept and is used in the day-to-day business operations? The research questions are underpinned by Records Continuum Model. Results show that business records in Tanzania had no positive impact on business profitability because of how the records were created and the value attach to record keeping, resulted from the lack of records management policies; inadequate staff capacity, limited awareness about the value of sound records management; and inadequate budgets. As a result, decisions are made without full information about business transactions. Besides, the absence of systematic record keeping and controls leaves scope for corruption and collusion between business officials and business owners and employees as well as the chamber of commerce. The ISO 15489-1 is presented as the key best practice mechanism for enhancing sound records management that the Tanzania SMEs may espouse. The subject matter of this paper is aimed at influencing policy and practice, especially with regard to the provision of the appropriate competencies and skills needed for sound management of court records to enhance accountability, transparency and service delivery.

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of competence, motivation, and facilities of education advice on the performance of teachers XYZ Senior High School Jakarta. The population of all teachers of XYZ Senior High School Jakarta is 50 teachers. The research method used is a quantitative approach and explanatory with survey method. Data were collected using questionnaires given to 50 respondents; with sampling technique used is census. Methods of research analysis used multiple linear regressions. Data processing used software program Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 20. The results showed competence, motivation, and infrastructure facilities have a significantly positive effect on teacher performance. The influence of competence, motivation, facilities, and infrastructures shows positive influence to teacher performance. Competence is the greatest variable of influence on teacher performance. The three independent variables namely competence, motivation and means facilities education have a positive and significant effect on teacher performance in XYZ Senior High School Jakarta.

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial and analgesic activities of ethanol extract from Solanum torvum (Family: Solanaceae) aerial parts. The bioactive compounds such as glycoside, tannins, sterols, saponins, flavonoids, carbohydrates and proteins are detected in ethanol extract shown promising antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria viz. B. subtilis and S. aureus. Analgesic activity was evaluated against both thermal and chemical induced stimuli, which were evidenced from acetic acid induced writhing, tail immersion and formalin induced paw licking test. The assessment of peripheral analgesic effect of the ethanol extracts exhibited a significant percentage inhibition in the writhings which were induced by acetic acid in mice. Similarly test drug significantly increased the latency period in the tail immersion test and the formalin study showed that both the aphasic and tonic pain was blocked by the extract. The overall analgesic effect of ethanol extract (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) was lower than the standard drugs aspirin. The presence of flavonoid compounds in ethanol extract of Solanum torvum aerial parts may be responsible for the analgesic effect

Dengue and chikungunya are two mosquito-borne viral ailments transmitted by the same species of mosquito, Aedes aegypti and these ailments are of great public health concern in country like India. Thus, the present study was aimed to check the influence of antagonistic crustaceans on population of Aedes mosquitoes. Based on our laboratory experiments, the best ratio of antagonistic crustaceans (Cyclopoid copepod, Mesocyclops aspericornis and cladoceran, Daphnia magna) was chosen against Aedes aegypti larvae to test the influence of these crustaceans under simulated conditions. During the study it was observed that overall time taken for the larvae to convert into adult was 14.82±2.65 ranging from 14.0-21.0 days i.e. 4 days longer than the control sets. L1 larval stage was more prone to mortality i.e. 42.35±0.69 than other larval stages. Total adult emergence was significantly reduced i.e. 52.30±1.57 (31.65±0.69 males and 20.65±0.88 females). Significant reduction in body size of both male and female was observed i.e. 3.79±0.16 mm (control 4.44±0.07 mm) and female size significantly reduced to 4.17±0.15 mm when compared with control sets i.e. 5.48±0.08 mm. Life span of males was reduced from 15.35±1.20 to 9.33±0.33 days and in case of females longevity was reduced from 22.00±1.15 to 11.67±0.66 days.

Himachal Pradesh is lying between 30.22' to 33.12' North latitudes and 75.47' to 79.04’ East longitudes. The area of the state is 55,673 km2 with almost mountainous elevations ranging from 350-6500 m above the mean sea level. Shimla is surrounded by Mandi and Kullu in the north, Kinnaur in the east, Uttarakhand in the southeast, Solan to the southwest and Sirmaur in the south. It is the third most populous district of Himachal Pradesh, after Kangra and Mandi. In the present study 24 climber species belonging to 12 families and 19 genera have been reported. Cucurbitaceae and Ranunculaceae with 4 species, Apocynaceae with 3 species, Convolvulaceae with 2 species, Dioscoreaceae and Menispermaceae with 2 species and other families with one species.

Climate change is one of the environmental challenges that threatens any single aspect of development. Therefore, climate change poses both environmental and development problems. Salinization of freshwater and soil as a result of climate-induced sea-level rise in The Gambia is a growing concern for agriculture and ecosystems. This paper shed light on adaptation strategy response at the institutional level to saline-water intrusion in River Gambia and tributaries well-known for its ecological and livelihood delivery services such as rice cultivation in the lowlands. The study used stakeholder participation approach to gather data through a workshop in which 100 experts from four (04) different institutions intervening in saline-water intrusion adaptation were involved to discuss five themes relevant for institutional adaptation to saline-water intrusion in the country. Microsoft Excel 2013 was used to process and analyse the data at the end of the workshop. Results revealed that saline-water intrusion adaptation at the institutional level is poor performing in terms of capacity building, financial resources allocation for saline-water intrusion adaptation, available technology as well as collaboration among institutions. The study recommends an increase in budget allocation for saline-water intrusion adaptation in the targeted various institutions, capacity enhancement of staff in the monitoring of water salinity and provision of sophisticated equipment and technology to effectively address salinity in River Gambia and tributaries in the country.

Langerhans cells are dendritic, antigen-presenting cells which reside within the stratified squamous epithelium of skin and various mucosae, where they function as the outermost arm of the immune system. Langerhans cells play an important role in inflammation and immune responses, including anti-tumour activity. Thus this study is aimed to identify the role of Langerhans cell in oral dysplastic epithelium and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Quantitative analysis of Langerhans cells were done in normal oral mucosa (n=10), oral dysplastic epithelium (n=20) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (n=20) with immunohistochemical analysis using monoclonal antibody against CD1a. Counting was done in ten non-overlapping consecutive high power fields by two independent observers. An increase in the number of Langerhans cells were observed from normal mucosa to oral dysplastic epithelium and oral squamous cell carcinoma. There was no statistically significant increase observed from oral dysplastic epithelium to oral squamous cell carcinoma. The immune system responds to the dysplastic and invading epithelium in oral squamous cell carcinoma by recruiting Langerhans cells. Langerhans cells present altered antigen to naïve T cells, thus initiating an immune response. However, tumour microenvironment has a critical role in modulating the recruitment and function of Langerhans cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Water is one of the most natural resources in dry areas, as it controls the presence, distribution and density of plants, animals and humans. Water is scarce or non-existent on the surface of dry lands around the world, it is clearly characterized by the appearance of dry areas on the appearance of the adjacent rain areas, However, in order to utilize dry areas in grazing and in stable agriculture, in trade, in the utilization of mineral resources, and in the establishment of urban centers, water must be found in sufficient quantities that are reliable and have qualitative characteristics that allow for selected economic activity. The western Anbar Plateau (116,000), or 26.5% of Iraq's total area of 438,317 km2 and 84.2% of the Anbar region, is characterized by low water availability. It is therefore necessary to increase efforts and harness energies to discover new water sources which are represented by ground water that compensates for the shortage of surface water quantities, especially as its use (groundwater) began to increase in most countries of the world. Generally water is the source of life for all human creatures on the surface of this planet, In the near future; the conflict will also be over water rather than energy. Here the problem of the research appears which is identified by the following question: - Is there in the western plateau of Anbar, despite the large space occupied by the scarcity of water sources mature development projects rely primarily on the investment of groundwater reservoirs located therein, which contributes to the regular redistribution of the population. The hypothesis of the research was summarized as: - Defining the requirements of economic and social development that contribute to the foundations of human stability in that region by studying the groundwater and its areas of presence in the western plateau of Anbar.

TV talk show is a program in which a host communicates with a guest about a certain topic or person. Usually, the host and guest follow the cooperative principle during their communication, but both sides violate the cooperative principle in the program, realizing the conversational implicature of avoiding answering questions directly, implicit expression and additional information and so on. This article, based on Grice’s Cooperative Principle, attempts to analyze the similarities and differences between Jin Xing Show and A Date with Lu Yu in terms of programming orientation as well as host style from the perspective of violation of cooperative principle. And the examples in this article are chosen from two Chinese shows, in which Hu Ge, a popular actor in China as the guest. It is hoped that this study can provide some reference for other talk shows, and can improve people’s ability of daily conversation and enhance people’s language charming and communicative competence.