In present study an attempt has been made to study the antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of leaves and flowers of Spilanthes acmella. The leaves and flowers of the plant were collected and subjected for study of their chemical composites and antimicrobial activity of their extracts. The samples were given the code SALS1, SALS2 and SALS3 and SAFS1, SAFS2 and SAFS3 respectively for the extracts of leaves and flowers. The crude extracts of leaves and flowers were prepared by using various solvents like Petroleum ether, Ethanol and double distilled water. All the extracts were used to study their antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria eg. Bacillus subtilis, gram negative bacteria eg. E. coli and K. Pneumonia and anti-fungal activity against Aspergillus Niger. The chemical composition of leaves and flowers like Dry matter, Total ash, Ether extract, Crude fibre, nitrogen, Crude protein, Total carbohydrates, Nitrogen free extract and Organic matter were studied. The results of antimicrobial activity revealed that all the crude extract samples of leaves were found to possess antibacterial property. Maximum inhibition was shown by all the three samples against E. Coli and K. Pneumonia. However the maximum inhibition of growth of E. Coli and Bacillus subtilis was shown by SAFS1 and SAFS2 respectively. All the crude extracts of samples shown antifungal activity against Aspergillus Niger. The samples of leaves were found to be more effective than flowers against the fungal strains of Aspergillus Niger. In present study it has been concluded that the leaves may be used against the infectious diseases caused by E. Coli, K. Pneumonia and A. Niger as herbal medicine

This study had the objective of evaluating the effect of water deficit on the Physiological Parameters and Water Use Efficiency on soybean plants under different planting densities. It was conducted during winter and summer seasons of 2014-2015. The different plant densities designated as D1, D2 and D3 (5, 10 and 15 cm between plants) under three watering regimes (W1,W2 and W3) irrigation every 7,14 and 21 days. The experimental design was a complete randomized blocks design in split trail with three replications. All physiological parameters (LAD, RGR,CGR, NAR) and relative water content of soybean plants tended to decrease with prolonged watering interval (W3) or in high planting density (D1).Water use efficiency for dry mater (WUEdm) was higher in moderate watering interval (W2) as compared to frequent and pronged watering regimes (W1 ,W3). An interaction treatment (W1D3) increased RGR,CGR, NAR while the highest WUEdm was recorded in (W2D3).the result revealed that, the improvement in water availability with low planting density stimulated plant growth and caused increase in dry matter accumulation and longer leaf area might explain the higher CGR, NAR. In conclusion, sowing soybean in wider spacing under frequent irrigation can increase most of the physiological characters measured in this investigation.

Product harm crises are devastating events in companies. They negatively effect on organizations and society. Present study was an attempt to investigate how consumers recognize such crisis situation and their repurchasing behavior. Ninety of undergraduates of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna were selected for the study by stratified random sampling technique. Yoghurt was taken as the main product category. A self-administrated, case-study based, seven point Likert scale survey questionnaire was employed to collect relevant data for the study. Data analysis was monitored by SPSS and descriptive analytical tools. Results showed that 62% of the respondents identified product harm crisis as a company fault, while 48.3% of sample identified it as a brand fault. Moreover, 36.67% of them recognized it as a consumer fault. In addition, 56.7% of the respondents were not going to repurchase the crisis brand and, 47.7% of the sample was not willing to pay for the crisis brand in future. However, 35% of the respondents were mentioned that the past brand performance is important when re-purchasing the brand after a crisis situation and, 40.03% of the sample stated that such crises will not negatively impact on the brand trust that they have been already built. Furthermore, 46.67% of the sample expected a compensation for the experienced crisis, while 32.2% of them demanding recompense more than the price of yoghurt. The study suggested the best strategy is to avoid productharm crises by implementing very careful business processes with sufficient checks and balances without harming the consumers. Moreover, as consumers willing to have compensation for the crisis, and the majority mentioned that the company is accused for the crises, compensating aggrieved parties is the most appropriate remedy for such situations.

The main objective of this study is to contribute to the knowledge of plants with antifungal and antibacterial potentials. Ethnobotanical surveys on the uses of plants cited in the traditional pharmacopoeia against vaginal infections are conducted in the markets and districts of four Cameroonian cities. The botanical data collected was recorded in the Excel 2010 version spreadsheet and processed statistically. A dendrogram showing the similarity of use of anti vaginitis plants by city and by respondents was established using the Jaccard similarity coefficient using the XlStat software. A total of 73 respondents were interviewed. The analysis of the dendrogram of similarity between the uses of plants in the four cities reveals a comparison between the knowledge of the respondents of the cities of the Center region and the dissimilarity between those of the Littoral. Thirty-four (34) plant species belonging to twenty-eight (28) plant families have been identified and the first is Asteraceae. The Guineo-Congolese phytogeographic type (12 citations) predominates. Fourteen (14) diseases and/or symptoms related to the female plant were obtained; Vaginal infections (33 citations) the first. Traditional medicines prepared are mostly preserved at room temperature (41%). Sexual intercourse comes first (37%), as a prohibition that can damage the treatment. Given the upsurge in vaginal infections in Africa, it is essential to develop a strategy to find effective means of control and especially at a lower cost to propose an alternative to conventional therapy.

Shariah Supervisors plays a significant role in the Islamic banking system, and it has a significant impact on their performance as well as stability. The study focused on the banking system and on the Shariah Supervisors as a significant element of it. The study aims at showing the impact of the Shariah Supervisors on the Islamic bank stability. It also exposes the significance to be Independent department in the completion of its decisions. The study concluded that Shariah Supervisors Interview and their responds are significant in the Islamic credit card, compliance of Shari‟ah requirement. The interfering of decision-making and as well as Supervisors are adversely affect for the Islamic credit card in Malaysia.

In this work concentrations of ten different minerals were evaluated in commercial white cheese, pigtail cheese and triangles cheese. Minerals were analyzed by an Inductively Coupled plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES). Respective mean mineral concentration (ppm) of white cheese, pigtail cheese and cheese triangles were: Al 94.125, 73.75, 64.0; Cr 0, 0, 0 ; Mn 1.40, 1.2875, 0.6875; Fe 13.075, 16.45, 6.675; Ni 8.6125, 8.8, 6.925; Cu 0, 0, 0; Zn 22.4125, 22.9125, 14.7875; Cd 1.2, 0.6625, 0.4375; Ba 0, 0, 0; Pb 16.375, 4.9, 4.6125. These results show that there is some minerals (Cr, Cu and Ba) were not exist and other found with high concentration in comparison with the standard specification.

In the present work, two simple and sensitive UV spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the quantitative estimation of Metformin Hydrochloride and Benfotiamine in combination using bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. Method A is Simultaneous equation method which involves measurement of absorbance at selected wavelength and solving the simultaneous equation to calculate the amount of drug present. Distilled water was used as the solvent for the analysis of both drugs. Two wavelengths 230 and 246 nm were selected for the estimation of Metformin Hydrochloride and Benfotiamine. LOD for Metformin Hydrochloride and Benfotiamine were found to be 0.03µg/ml and 0.27µg/ml respectively. Method validation was done as per ICH guidelines. Method B is Absorbance ratio method which involves, formation of Q-Absorbance equation at 239 nm (isoabsorptive point) and 246 nm (λmax of Benfotiamine) in distilled water. The Linearity lies between 2-16 µg/ml for Metformin Hydrochloride and 2-18 µg/ml for Benfotiamine with r2=0.999 and 0.998 respectively. LOD for both drugs were found to be 0.16 µg/ml and 0.3 µg/ml respectively. Method validation was done as per ICH guidelines

This work aimed to study the effect of laser irradiation on bee honey (Seder) physical and chemical properties. Four honey samples were used in this study with 250 g of each; three of them were irradiated by He-Ne laser with output powers 1 mW, 1.5 mW and 2 mW for 5 minutes for each sample. Analysis included measuring of some honey physical and chemical properties for the irradiated and no irradiated samples particularly electrical conductivity, refractive index, density, viscosity, moisture, Ashes, wax, monocular sugars, total sugars, glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose and acidity, it also included estimation of some elements like Na, Ca, K, Fe, Mg. The results show that irradiation by He-Ne lead to upward effect for some physical and chemical properties like electrical conductivity, monocular sugars and density, and it lead to downward effect for ashes, wax, sucrose and density, while it lead to no significant differences (P>0.05) on refractive index, viscosity.

Mediastinal teratoma is a germinal tumor that results from embryologic disorders or germ primitive cells in the mediastinum. It’s a retrospective study concerning 5 patients addressed to our center for mediastinal tumor. Main symptoms were chest pain, dyspnea and pleural effusion syndrome. Computer tomography and chest x-rays were done for 4 patients. We found a bulky mass in left pleura, an anterior and right mediastinal Cyst, an anterior and left upper mediastinal Cyst, a bulky mass anterior in the mediastinum. In one patient, echocardiography showed a pericardial effusion with compression of cardiac chambers. Surgery was cystectomy through a posterolateral thoracotomy in many cases or a median sternotomy in one case. There was any major complication. Mediastinal teratoma have to be suspected in a tumor at the chest x-rays of a young adult. Its treatment remains complete resection of the tumor by surgery to avoid a recurrence tumor

Chitala chitala (Hamilton, 1822) is an indigenous fish of freshwater lotic ecosystem belonging to the family Notopteridae of the Order Osteoglossiformes. This fish species has relatively larger market demand presumably because of having rich lipo-proteinaceous tissue at the ventral side of the body. Wild variety of Chitala chitala (Hamilton, 1822) was identified at the lower reach of Muhuri river of Tripura, India. As per IUCN criteria this fauna may be considered near threatened fish species in North-east India in general and Tripura in particular. In various corners of India this species was considered as preferred fish species. Morphometric character of the fish specimen showed hump-like structure just behind the head area, bar, transverse, silver at dorsal body area. Greatly compressed body, laterally, oblong and tapering towards caudal area. Dorsal fin, significantly smaller. Anal fin, very long; originated with the fusion of pelvic fin and also ended by fusion with caudal fin. Scales, tiny, sharp at ventral area of head. A specific fin formula was noticed in Chitala chitala (Hamilton, 1822).

Hearing plays a key role in learning to talk. Early screening of newborns for hearing impairment is essential as treatment is most successful when identified early. The study assessed the challenges associated with screening and early detection of hearing impairment among children in the Kumasi metropolis and focused on the services available for screening of hearing impairment among children and the effects of the challenges of screening and early detection of hearing impairment. The study employed a qualitative approach. Purposive and convenience sampling were used to select 15 participants. An interview guide was adopted to capture the responses of participants on voice recorder. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse themes generated from the data according to the objectives. The study found that, hearing screening services for children included OAEs, pure tone testing, behavioral assessment and school outreach programs but health personnel are faced with challenges in undertaking these services. Challenges such as lack of enough funds, insufficient tools and equipment, few numbers of health personnel and low patronage of hearing screening services limited health personnel’s ability to provide effective hearing screening services to children. The study therefore recommends that the ministry of health constructs audiology units in every region in Ghana and supply the units with the tools and equipment needed for work. The study further recommends that, the ministry of health in collaboration with ministry of education should assist in training more audiologists and make school screening programs a long term national policy.

Colon cancer is currently the third most common cancer in both men and women after lung and breast cancer. Incidence and mortality rates have been declining since the 1980's, partially due to improvements in screening and prevention. Colon cancer is the cancer that formed in the tissues of the colon (the longest part of large intestine). Most colon cancers are adenocarcinomas. Many studies have been done to elucidate the ability of iron to rule out colon cancer. Some of these studies encouraged using iron status as early predictors of gastrointestinal tumors. The aim of this study was to estimate level of serum iron and ferritin among colonic cancer patients according to gender, age, Hb and weigh levels. This study included 100 patients diagnosed as a colonic cancer. The majority of patients were male, 67 representing 67 % of respondents and only 33 were female representing 33%. Age distribution among patients demonstrates a majority of the age interval (40-60) years representing 46 %. The association between serum iron and ferritin was found to be significant with the level of Hb. In the distribution of study population according to weight, the majority was shown in weight between (51-70) kg representing 57 % of total respondents. Regarding correlation between serum iron, ferritin and weigh, no significant was found to be observed.

Citizen Participation is one of the national values and is also a principle of public service. Moreover, quality of participation in financial matters both at the national and county levels is necessary to inform decision making and resource allocation. This study examined the factors affecting public participation in budgeting process in the County Government of Nandi. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: to determine whether public participation forums affect budgeting process; to determine whether stakeholders’ involvement affects the budgeting process and to establish whether socio-cultural factors affect public participation in the budgeting process in the County Government of Nandi. The study was guided by agency theory, games theory and public choice theory. The study adopted a descriptive survey design targeting 75 Community Based Organizations (CBOs) members who are residents of County Government of Nandi, 5 CBO officials and 5 officials from the Treasury and Economic Planning department in the County Government of Nandi. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select members of the stratus of the identified Community Based Organizations who were administered with structured questionnaires, while key informants CBO officials and officials from the Treasury and Economic Planning department were chosen through purposive sampling.

The purpose of this research is to examine wheras there is a relationship and influence of communications system, communications climate, and corporate culture towards employee performance through communications audit method. The samples of this research are 96 employees of Biro Sumber Daya Umum Koperasi Telekomunikasi Selular Head Office. Descriptive Analysis, Rank Spearman Correlational Analysis, and Multiple Regression Analysis were run with SPSS software version 21 for data analysis. The result of the analysis shows that the relationship between the three independent variables has no significant effect on the dependent variable individually. The relationship between the three independent variables has a significant effect on the dependent variable simultaneously. The empirical findings indicate that in order to improve employee performance, it is necessary to consider the communications system, communications climate, and corporate culture simultaneously.

Posterior shoulder dislocations are still a challenge for the treating physician. The mechanisms of trauma are varied, which complicates diagnosis. Missed or delayed diagnosis and treatment can have serious deleterious effects on shoulder function. Here we present the case of a young patient who suffered a direct trauma on the left shoulder stump, resulting in posterior glenohumeral dislocation, irreducibly orthopedic. Preoperative CT scan and surgical exploration, performed by a delto-pectoral approach, showed the presence of “Hill-Sachs lesion” not exceeding 15% of the humeral circumference, and coming to stop against the posterior border of the glenoid cavity, without ligamentous or capsular interposition. The shoulder was stable after reduction. The surgical procedure was completed by a capsulorraphy, without the need to fill the humeral defect