This text proposes an analysis of the temporalities involved in voluntary depigmentation practices. The study took place in the district "Sokoura" of Bouaké city, Côte d'Ivoire in 2016. Semi-structured individual and focus group interviews were conducted with a variety of social actors: practitioners of depigmentation, non-practitioners, former practitioners, sellers and manufacturers of lightening products, pharmacists and dermatologists. Research shows that practitioners use specific methods of application of products, depending on time. Representation of body interacts with a representation of the toxicity of lightening products, which in turn contributes to the unequal mobilization of time by the user in his "body techniques".

In the era of digital technology, technology has developed rapidly however the information technology security lags drastically. There has been increase in risk and threats to the organization’s information. For every organization, information is a valuable asset and therefore has to be kept safe and secured. Employees are mainly responsible for security risks and threats. Organizations should give attention to the common vulnerabilities and mistakes which employees tend to make and moreover these should be addressed through awareness training programs. Information security awareness training is essential for every organization that uses technology. The study explores the importance of information security awareness training and the challenges faced by organizations is implementation of information security awareness training program. Information security training program protects the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the organization information. This study will assist management to provide effective security awareness training to technology users and enhance the safety and security of information.

This study was conducted to understand the influence of the common food storage and environmental practices affecting the dimensions of the food security of the people in Adjumani district. The study covered a sample of 150 respondents who are farmers and the data were collected through a questionnaire and personal interview using both probability and non-probability sampling technique. Designing field data recording sheets was done before data collection and data collection was done with appropriate quality control. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Scientists. The results indicated that the people of Ciforo sub- county, Adjumani district have poor food storage system where the majority 73% (see table 1) store their food reserve in the huts in which they sleep forcing them to sell off the food reserve and the majority 58% of the farmers produce less than 1 ton of food per year on average (See table 3). This indicates that the farmers have poor food levels where the average majority 61.67% of the respondents disagreed that their households have food availability, food stability, ability to access and utilize appropriate levels of food in their households from April to June every year (see table 2). Based on these findings the study recommended that sensitization of the community about poor storage facilities leading to post harvest losses affecting food levels. Government should also enact laws and policies at national level to make agriculture attractive to farmers by revamping cooperatives that should provide support for post-harvest management.

The purpose of present research work was to fabricate patient friendly, immediate release oral film of ondansetron hydrochloride using hydrophilic excipients. The film was prepared by solvent casting method. Hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone k30 along with different plasticizers (peg 400 and pg) were scrutinized for film formulation. The auxiliary excipients used were sodium saccharin and sodium lauryl sulphate. The final selection was done with hydroxyethyl cellulose as a film former and peg 400 as a plasticizer for the film. The drug loaded films of hydroxyethyl cellulose were evaluated for thickness, uniformity in drug content, folding endurance, disintegration time, in-vitro drug release studies, tensile strength and drug-excipient compatibility studies. Taste masking was done by novel sandwich technology (placing the ondansetron hydrochloride film between two listerine pocket pack films). This approach can be used as platform technology for other formulations also. Optimization of film was done by 32 factorial design taking amount of hydroxyethyl cellulose and sodium lauryl sulphate as independent variables, while disintegration time (dt), % cumulative drug release and folding endurance as response variables. Polynomial equations were derived. The validity of equations was checked by preparing check point batches. Response surface plots were constructed using design expert software. This exercise facilitates bio batch selection. Better predictive ability was achieved, when artificial neural network (ann) was used in place of regression analysis. Batch of3 containing hydroxyethyl cellulose showed disintegration time of 16 sec and 94.35 % drug release in 8 minutes.

This article explores the history of political system of Memba from mid19th century to mid 20th century A.D. The paper also presents a lucid account of the factor that shaped political changes in the Menchuka region in the mid twentieth century’s. The paper covers the history of its geographical and political position prior to India independence. The paper shed light on the following question. What was the position of Menchuka before 1952? What was the political set up of Menchuka? What role did Tibetan authority play in the appointment and functioning of Deb in Menchuka? What were the various function played by Deb? And what was the function of subordinate official called Chim in Menchuka?.

A simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the estimation of Gefitinib in pure and pharmaceutical dosage form. Gefitinib exhibits maximum fluorescence intensity in ethanol and Beer’s law was obeyed in the range of 1-3.5 µg/mL at an excitation wavelength (λex) of 280 nm and an emission wavelength (λem) of 512 nm. Stability studies with respect to time and temperature were also carried out. The results obtained were in good agreement with the labeled amounts of the marketed formulations. This method has been statistically evaluated and found to be accurate and precise

This work explores the nature and origins of Haitian epistemology, the lens through which Haitians consciously and unconsciously come to know, interpret, and make sense of the known and unknown world around them, and its aesthetics. The article posits that Haitian epistemology, Haitian/Vilokan Idealism, is a transcendental idealist and realist philosophy/epistemology that developed out of the demystification and ever-increasing rationalization of the African (spiritual) worldview (Vilokan/Vodou) of the majority of the inhabitants of the island, and its aesthetics is grounded in the distinction between the noumenal world of Vilokan and the phenomenal one of lived-experience and their dialectical interaction.

In an attempt to synthesize some novel, potent antitubercular and antioxidant agents here we have reported the synthesis of a novel series of tetrahydroquinoline derivatives (III a-g). In this the titled compounds were synthesized by the reaction between substituted aromatic primary amines, N-vinylpyrrolidin-2-one and 4-nitro phthalic acid in acetonitrile. Structure of the synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of their physico-chemical and spectral data (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass). All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antitubercular and antioxidant activities using the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) method and nitric oxide scavenging, DPPH method respectively. For antitubercular and antioxidant activities screening isoniazid and ascorbic acid were used as the standard drugs respectively. Among the synthesized compounds III a, III d and III e have shown significant anti-tubercular activity and compounds III a, III b and III e have shown significant antioxidant activity

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a nonspecific screening test to assess elevations of acute phase proteins that occur in various acute and chronic diseases. The aim of the study was to compare the ESR values by automated analyzer against the standard Westergren’s method. The comparison was done among 450 patient’s samples. In which 90 samples showed high degree of difference because of high ESR values and 180 samples showed low degree of difference because of low ESR values. The conclusion was automated ESR estimation helped a lot in measurement of ESR values in short time, but marked difference of ESR values shown in high ESR values.

This study aimed to explore the gender and hierarchical level differences in loneliness at work. A sample of 143 employees who worked at the Thai government bank headquarters was gathered by using proportional stratified sampling technique. Loneliness at Work Scale (LWS) was modified to use as the instrument for data collection. Results of independent samples t-test analysis revealed that there was a significant difference in males and females with respect to loneliness at work (t = 3.079, p < 0.002). This suggested that males were experiencing loneliness at work more than females. Results also showed a significant difference in employees and employers with respect to loneliness at work (t = -3.458, p < 0.001). This suggested that employees were experiencing loneliness at work less than employers. This present study suggested that the further study should compare mean differences of loneliness in the workplace in other sociodemographic variables.

Abstract: Essential oil of Fagara macrophylla from DR Congo was tested for antihemolytic, radical scavenging and antibacterial activities. The extraction gives an essential oil yield of 1.08 %, density of 0.7066 and refractive index of 1.4721 20°C. Aqueous and methanolic extracts showed high antisickling activity with the normalization rate (NR), the minimal concentration of normalization (MCN) and the concentration that normalized 50% of RBC (ED50) for aqueous extract of respectively 93%, 8µg/mL and 0.43µg/mL and for the methanolic extract NR, MCN and ED50 are respectively of 91%, 12µg/mL and 0.60µg/mL. The essential oil showed no antisickling activity but weak antihemolytic and radical scavenging activities. The F macrophylla essential oil showed higher bacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus than the two antibiotics used as standards (Meropenem, Ceftriaxone).

This complete-enumeration, before-and-after study (without controls), was conducted on third-year medical students in Maharashtra, India. Traditional didactic lectures were delivered on eight non-communicable diseases/conditions mentioned in the University syllabus for the subject of Community Medicine. The pre-test, conducted after the traditional didactic lectures, comprised eight questions pertaining to these eight topics. For case-based learning, participating students (n=61) were randomly assigned, using lottery method, to two sub-groups comprising 30 and 31 students, respectively, to enable small-group discussion. The students in each sub-group were similarly exposed to case scenarios on all eight non-communicable diseases/conditions and the same facilitators jointly guided the discussion. An identical questionnaire was used for the pre- and post-tests. The scores from students in the two sub-groups were combined for analysing results of the pre- and post-tests. The outcome studied was the difference in cognitive domain scores after attending traditional didactic lectures (by pre-test) and case-based learning (by post-test). The mean correct scores (out of 80) in the post-test (51.61 ± 7.42) were significantly higher (Z=10.088; p<0.0001) than that in the pre-test (40.61 ± 4.18). Gender difference was statistically significant for questions on obesity (Z=2.622; p=0.0088) and blindness (Z=2.017; p=0.0434) in the pre-test, but there was no significant gender difference in the post-test scores. Though case-based learning significantly increased the cognitive domain scores in all eight topics, additional educational interventions would be required for some students who obtained low scores in the post-test

Most public pre-school centres in Kenya have stalled educational programmes marked by irregular and delay of teachers’ salaries, inconsistent feeding programmes, poor physical infrastructure and unclear educational policy guidelines. Therefore it is clear that financial management strategies are crucial for efficiency to be realized in finances in Pre-school centres. This study was guided by the following objectives: To establish existing planning strategies in the financing public pre-school education and to examine alternative planning strategies for financing public pre-school education in Eldoret East Sub-County. This study adopted a descriptive survey design. The study targeted 1 sub-county education officers, 174 Head Teachers, 174 Pre-school teachers and 174 SMC chairpersons in the Eldoret East Sub- County. It used a purposive sampling for the 1 sub-County educational officers and simple random sampling for the 52 Head Teachers, 52 Pre-school teachers, 52 and 52 SMC chairpersons. The researcher used questionnaires and interview. Data was presented using tables and figures. The study findings indicated that there was a significant relationship between planning strategies employed and financing public pre-school education. The study recommends that there is need for Pre-school management committee to plan for resources early enough before spending to curb waste.

Cypermethrin, a broad spectrum insecticide, has been extensively used for pest management and animal husbandry practices. Previous studies have shown that cypermethrin has teratogenic effect on rat foeti born to exposed dam or buck with no information on its effect on their haematological profile. The present study was aimed to assess the haematological profile of rat offspring exposed to beta cypermethrin during the perinatal period. Fifteen pregnant animals (Day 0 = day of mating, average body-weight = 190g) were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A (Control) received 0.5ml olive oil, Group B (15 mg/kg β-cyp) and Group C (30 mg/kg β-cyp,) by oral gavage from gestational day (GD) 1 – post natal day (PND) 20. The litter size and foeti weights were taken on PND 0, 7, 14 and 21. On GD 21, blood samples were collected from 5 pups from each group for haematology. β-cyp caused a significant (p< 0.05) decrease in the packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration, platelets and red blood cell count. Significant (p< 0.05) decrease in foeti weights were observed on PND 14 and 21. It is concluded that β-cyp has a dose-dependent toxic effects on the haematology of albino rat offspring exposed during the perinatal period

The adult earthworm Eudrilus eugenia are exposed to four sublethal concentrations such as 0.25gm/Kg, 0.5gm/Kg, 0.75gm/Kg and 1gm/Kg ZnO NPs. Biochemical and tissue damaging parameters are studied in Gut, Bodywall and Testis organs of both control and nanoparticles treated groups. The ANOVA results showed ZnO NPs treated groups results are significantly differed (p<0.05) than control group. Total Sugars, Total Cholesterol, Total Protein levels are significantly reduced whereas increased Urea, transaminase (GOT & GPT) and phosphatase (ALP & ACP) levels found in treated group organs. The results indicated that exposure of ZnO NPs through soil disturbed the basic biochemical compounds in tissues and their damages are indicated by increased enzyme levels.