The importance of postsecondary education has increased significantly in the last decade. A high school diploma is no longer sufficient in the 21st century. In order to be successful in today’s global economy a person must receive some form of postsecondary education. The economic stability of the state is tied to citizens who are employed and productive. In a constrained fiscal environment, policymakers also will need to consider whether there are better means of achieving shared goals, including student access and support for research. Such approaches could entail more coordination, other funding mechanisms, or policy reforms. In addition, it will be necessary to think about the implications of parity and whether funding strategies will require changes in order to reach desired outcomes. This paper is intended to provide a starting point for illustrating the various methods of funding higher education for improved performance of institutions.

Invasive Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG) infection is associated with severe infection and poor outcome particularly among malignancy and post-surgical patients. We aimed to study the clinical details and outcomes of invasive SAG infection in post-sleeve surgery and malignancy related and non-malignancy related abdominal infections. (SAG) isolates from invasive infections between January 2015 and February 2018 were collected. Clinical data from the medical records of the infected patients were obtained retrospectively and analyzed. Fourteen invasive infections caused by SAG were identified. The mean age of the patients was 40.9 (minimum; 18 years, maximum; 80 years, SD; 21.03), five females (35.7 %) and nine (64.3 %) males. The peritoneal fluid was the most common specimen (8/15; 53.3%), followed by pleural fluid (3/15; 20%), deep abscesses (2/15; 13.3%), blood (1/15; 6.7%) and ascetic fluid (1/15; 6.7 %). The most predominant specimens (73.3%) were intra-abdominal involving commonly anaerobes and Enterobacteriaceae. Six patients (6/14; 42.9 %), had SAGabdominal or pleural infection as a complication of sleeve surgery. Each four of the remaining eight patients were categorized as patients with abdominal malignancy (4/14; 28.6 %) or non-malignancy related abdominal infections (4/14; 28.6%). Ten of the cases had polymicrobial infection. All patients had eventual recovery except of two malignancy patients who died because of severe sepsis with empyema or abdominal infection. Further studies are required to delineate post-operative sleeve surgery infectious complications and malignancy related abdominal infections to provide early treatment and better outcome.

The study aims to analyze the application of learning organizations that are good to be implemented in government agencies. The specific goal or target for this research is to obtain comprehensive data related to the effectiveness of the Regional Government, especially in the Gorontalo Regency Regional Secretariat by using a learning organization perspective. The type of research used is a qualitativequantitative method (Mix Method). The existence of this research can provide clear information about the effectiveness of the Gorontalo Regional Government in the learning organization perspective. The results of this study showed an average score with a high interpretation of all components of learning organization. In addition, the findings of this study indicate that there is synergy between sections which is characterized by good communication and coordination between parts, the formation of the team is situational but still legally written that can facilitate the work of coordinating with each group member in addition to that there is a process of dialogue that takes place formally and informally at each structural level that supports the organizational work climate. However, there are also a number of weaknesses that can be improved to further optimize the organization of government work in the learning organization perspective, namely the lack of individual understanding of the vision and mission needs to be optimized so that organizational performance increases.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the aphrodisiac property of the aqueous extract of Prunusafricana trunk bark in albino and normal male rats of the Wistar strain. Colorimetric and precipitation methods were used to highlight secondary metabolites of the plant. The acute toxicity test was conducted according to OCDE guideline 423. Four lots of 6 animals were used to evaluate the aphrodisiac property of P. africana. The positive control received sildenafil citrate (5 mg/Kg) and the negative control, distilled water. The test lots received the extract at 100 and 200 mg/Kg for 8 days. The copulatory parameters were observed on days 1, 4 and 8. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponosides and tri terpenes in the extract. No changes in the general appearance of the rats and no mortality were recorded during the toxicity test, highlighting that P. africana is nontoxic. The extract significantly increased the sex parameters of the tested rats. This aphrodisiac effect of P. africana attributed to identify secondary metabolites justifies its use in traditional medicine as a sexual stimulant.

Abstract: Obstetrics patients may require intensive care at any time unpredictably. The most common causes of morbidity and mortality in these patients are anaemia, hemorrhage, hypertension, pre eclampsia, eclampsia, septicemia and their complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence, occurrence, indications, course of ICU stay, interventions required and the outcome of those obstetric patients admitted in the ICU. It was a hospital based, retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care medical college in Haryana, in North India over a period of 2 years – from January 2015 to January 2017. Out of a total deliveries of 7150, 165 patients required ICU admission and care (2.30 %). Most admissions were in the post partum period – 95(57.57 %), followed by antepartum period – 70 (42.43 %). Most common indications for ICU admission were obstetric hemorrhage – 50 (%), eclampsia -17(%), pre eclampsia- 8 (%), septicemic shock – 23 (%), HELLP syndrome – 16 (%), DIC- 10 (%), cerebral malaria-10 (%), dengue-7 (%), hepatic encephalopathy-5(%). The most common interventions warranted were artificial ventilation-139 (84.24 %), transfusion of blood & blood products-140 (84.84 %), surgical exploratory laparotomy – 35 (21.21 %) and there were 15 maternal deaths (9.09 %).

Non-fermenters (NFs) account for about 15% of all bacterial pathogens isolated from a clinical microbiology laboratory. Primarily regarded as contaminants, they have been implicated in causing various infections. They are innately resistant to many antibiotics and emerging as important nosocomial pathogens. To isolate nonfermenters from Urinary Tract Infections and assess their clinical significance and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern.Five thousand nine hundred and thirty four (5934) nonrepetitive consecutive samples of urine from patients diagnosed of culture-proven UTI of a tertiary-care teaching hospital over a period of four-years (2014-2017) were selected. A urinary sample was subjected to presumptive screening followed by semiquantitative culture on CLED (Himedia, Mumbai) agar. Identification and antibiogram was done by Vitek 2 compact (bioMérieux, France) automated systems. Clinical history and laboratory parameters were utilized for clinical correlation.Out of 5934 samples showing significant growth 6212 (15.6%) bacterial isolates were grown, Non fermenters being in 5.6%. P. aeruginosa (55.17%)and Burkholderia cepacia (17.42%) were predominant NFs.

The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of globalization on the monetary policies in enhancing small and medium enterprises in Nigeria; the specific objectives include to; examine the effect of globalization on the inflation rates in enhancing SMEs and examine the effect of globalization on the exchange rate in enhancing SMEs. The study had a population of 257 employees drawn from among selected manufacturing firms in Enugu State. The sample size of 117 was drawn using Freud and Williams formula at 5 percent error margin. A survey design was adopted for the study. The instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire. A total of 117 copies of the questionnaire were distributed while 112 were returned. Two hypotheses were tested using regression, and with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).The findings indicate that Globalization has negative effect on the inflation rates in enhancing small and Medium Enterprises hence negative in its absence t(95, n = 117) =-1.685, p <0.05, enhancing Small and Medium Enterprises is negative in the absence of globalization t(95, n = 117) = -0.813,, p < 0.05. The study concludes that Globalization affects how governments throughout the world create policies affecting areas such as financial regulation and trade. The study recommended that the Nigerian government, as well as the government of other developing economies, must invest substantially to the growth, development, and sustainability of SMEs through the provision of essential infrastructures, human resources, microfinance, security and adequate policy framework.

Ecotoxicity strength of different granular domestic detergents on Enterobacter aerogenes and Pseudomonas fluorescens was evaluated to assess the response of the test organisms to different brands of domestic detergents. Standard toxicity procedures were applied using four brands of granular domestic detergents: Klin, Omo, Bonux and Ariel prepared at concentrations of 10ppm, 100ppm, 1000ppm, 10000ppm and 100000ppm; the test was carried out for 0h, 4h, 8h, 12h, and 24h for each detergent.The degree of resistance of the test organisms to the toxicants revealed Enterobacter aerogenes (4857±1685ppm) was more resistant to the domestic detergents than Pseudomonas fluorescens (117±28ppm). Mean Median lethal concentration (LC50) showed that Klin was most toxic and Bonux was least toxic with toxic flow pattern (noting that the lower the LC50 the more toxic the toxicant) as:Klin (1354ppm) > Omo (2389ppm) > Ariel (2887.47ppm) > Bonux (3316.84ppm).Results of response of individual test organism to the different brands of detergents showed that Pseudomonas fluorescens was most sensitive to Bonux and least sensitive to Ariel - Bonux (94.86ppm) > Klin (104.66ppm) > Omo (109.68ppm) > Ariel (157.40ppm))while Enterobacter aerogenes was most sensitive to Klin and least sensitive to Bonux - Klin (2603.34ppm)> Omo (4668.68ppm) > Ariel (5617.54ppm) > Bonux (6538.82ppm). This showed that test bacteria responded differently to the toxic effect of the domestic detergents in the same aquatic environment. In mixed consortium, domestic detergent Klin had the highest toxic strength (mean LC50 1354ppm); Pseudomonas fluorescens was more sensitive to all the test domestic detergents than Enterobacter aerogenes.

This paper investigated the influence of stock market activities in on the provision of infrastructure in Nigeria. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, data bordering on the activities of the stock market viz all share index, market capitalization and value of transactions and infrastructure development viz; gross fixed capital formation were collected from the CBN statistical bulletin and analysed using multiple regression analyses. The findings of the research showed that; there is a negative but significant relationship between all share index and gross fixed capital formation. There is positive and significant relationship between market capitalization and gross fixed capital formation. Finally, there is a negative non-significant relationship between value of transaction and gross fixed capital formation. Based on the findings, we conclude that the contribution of the Nigeria Stock market in infrastructure development is below expectation. It is therefore recommended that more development oriented securities be introduced into the Nigeria Stock market to help boost investment in infrastructure. More funds from institutional investors should be channeled into investment in long-term government securities to provide funding for infrastructure investments. Finally, we recommend that the activities in the Nigeria Stock market be deepened in order to foster stability in trading activities.

Kidney diseases rank 3rd amongst life threatening disease, after cancer and heart disease. Anemia is an constant complication of chronic kidney disease that significantly contributes to the symtoms and complications of the disease. Aim of the study is to study the hematological manifestations ofchronic kidney disease (CKD) and to correlate the hematological abnormality with the clinical stage.182 patients with chronic kidney disease admitted in Osmania general Hospital were included in the study for a period of 2 years. Patients in various stages of the disease were studied for various hematological parameters. CKD was seen across all age groups. Increased prevalence of CKD was seen in the age group of 41 - 50 years. Majority of patients at presentation were in stage V CKD. Hypertension (47.2%) was the leading cause of CKD, followed by diabetes. Ischemic heart disease was the most common associated illness seen in CKD. The mean hemoglobin in the present study was 7.99 +/- 1.2 g/dl. The fall in mean hemoglobin had an inverse correlation with the stage of CKD. The mean RBC count was 2.73 x1012/l, with significant fall in the RBC count as the stage of CKD progressed. The mean absolute reticulocyte count also showed significant decline as the stage progressed.Chronic kidney disease is seen across all age groups with a malepreponderance. Hypertension is the most common cause of CKD. The anemia of CKD is a normocytic normochromic anemia. The fall in hemoglobin is due to low RBC count due to decreased erythropoiesis.

Almost every Chinese tourist come to Taiwan would take pineapple as a souvenir when they are going home. In order to understand the reasons that drive them to rush for buying pineapple in Taiwan, the present study employed qualitative method and conducted interviews to fulfill the research. 22 respondents who had taken pineapple cake as souvenir were invited to take part in the interviews. The results indicated that pineapple cake owns several irreplaceable features that are attractive for the tourists.

Primary actinomycotic infection is a rare finding in breast with very few cases been reported in male breast and it is seen to be associated with trauma to skin or any predisposing conditions like diabetes mellitus. We are reporting an unusual rare case of actinomycosis of breast in a 70 year old male patient who came with the complaints of swelling in the right breast since seven years along with pain and bloody discharge from nipple since five to six months. Clinically breast malignancy was suspected and lumpectomy was done. Histopathological study showed features of actinomycosis.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brand image variables, relatioship marketing and product quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. This type of research is descriptive research. This study used a sample of 200 respondents. The analytical method used is path analysis with SPSS 20. The results of data analysis show that brand image and relationship marketing have a significant influence on customer satisfaction and loyalty, while for product quality has no influence both of customer satisfaction and loyalty. The results of the joint test of brand image, relationship marketing and product quality variables simultaneously have a significant effect on satisfaction and loyalty. Customer satisfaction has an influence with customer loyalty.

In Morocco, the number of people aged 60 and over has increased. This draws attention to conditions whose prevalence increases with age including chronic kidney failure and dementia. This population appears to have a higher risk of cognitive impairment. The aim of our study is to determine the prevalence of cognitive disorders in our dialyzed patients, to define the types of this decline and identify the factors associated with cognitive decline. Observational, cross-sectional study of 116 patients taking hemodialysis from El Ghassani hemodialysis center in Fez. We used the Montreal cognitive assessement test before the hemodialysis session, A Moca ≤ 24/30 indicate the presence of cognitive impairment. The Moca was abnormal in 70% of our patients. The average score was lower for women. The areas most affected were attention and short-term memory. We found a strong correlation between the decrease in the Moca score and the progression in age (p <0.001). Hypertension was correlated with a Moca score with an average score in the hypertensive population of 20 ± 5.4 (p <0.006). The relationship between cardiac disease and Moca was significant with an average score in patients with heart disease of 19 (p <0.01). Taking an erythropoiesisstimulating agents were linked to the Moca test (p <0.05). The number of sessions per week was significantly correlated with Moca (r: 0.25, p <0.005). Albumin and hemoglobinemia were correlated with the Moca score (r: 0.2, p <0.027) and (r: 0.2, p <0.02) respectively.

Abstract: The aim of this investigation is to characterize the Phyllanthus muellerianus plant dye used as a colour source in painting walls and craft works for ages in Oghe, Ezeagu Local Government Area of Enugu State. Spectroscopic (UV-Vis, FT-IR and 1H NMR) techniques were employed to characterize P. muellerianus dye. UV-Vis absorption spectrum shows peaks at 313 nm and 482 nm being attributes of anthocyanine. According to FT-IR and 1H NMR investigations the tested sample have cyaniding glycoside and peonidin glycoside.