ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Practice of Blood Transfusion among Nurses in Public Tertiary Care Hospitals Lahore
Adila Mastoor, Ms. Naseem Rooman, Afsar Ali, Ms. Dilnasheen Safdar
Page no 184-189 |
10.21276/sjnhc
From the above medical crises it is strictly order to for the first fifteen minutes
of the blood transfusion the nurse should stay with the patient to closely monitored c for
any signs of adverse effects (Allan & and Bates 2004). The main purpose of the study is to
assess the practices of blood transfusion among clinical nurses at a public tertiary care
hospital Lahore. In this study across sectional descriptive design was used. The study was
conducted at Mayo hospital at all the critical and other inpatients areas. A questionnaire
adapted from thesis of Ebenezer tetteh (2015) “Knowledge and practice of blood
transfusion among nurses in Ghana: experiences from the cape coast teaching hospital, this
questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondent. Questionnaire consists of 2
parts first focusing on demo-graphic data of participant and second is lekert scale
questionnaire which is based on practice data. Analysis of variables was done on SPSS
21. The overall practice results shown in the above table and graph reveals that there were
no participants in the poor practice category. 63.56% of the participants had moderate
practices having score of practice between 45 and 80 on a maximum score of 108. 36.44%
of the study participants had good practices and scored above 80 score on a maximum of
108 practice total score. Majority of the participants was having moderate practices of
Blood transfusion but there were no as such poor practices.
REVIEW ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
The Success Story of Reducing Maternal Mortality in Saudi Arabia
Mohamed Najimudeen, Myo Hla Myint, Shyam Rao, Mie Mie
Page no 38-43 |
10.36348/sijog.2018.v01i02.003
Abstract: The Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA) is the second largest Arab country, with a population estimated at 32.9 million, growing at 2%, in 2015.The maternal mortality in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has been substantially reduced within a reasonably short period. The maternal mortality rate in the year 1990 was 40 per 100,000 live births but it was drastically reduced to 12 in the year 2015. This is an example to many countries with unacceptably high maternal deaths. Poor antenatal care, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and obstetric haemorrhage are the leading causes of maternal deaths. In KSA, rapidly changing attitude of women towards childbirth is occurring through progressively increasing female education and community health programmes in the region. Further reduction of maternal mortality rates in the community is envisaged through greater patient acceptance of medical advice, family spacing and proficient obstetric services. The quantitative and qualitative development of health services has led to improvement of maternal healthcare indicators. The MMR in Saudi Arabia will very soon match the developed countries with advanced health facilities. This article reveals the improvements in general improvement in socio-economic condition, increase in the female literacy rate, shifting from home delivery to hospital delivery, skilled care during pregnancy, labour and puerperium and contraceptive practice and reduction in fertility rate are the key factors contributed in improving the maternal health care in Saudi Arabia.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
A Study among Mother’s of Under-five Children to evaluate knowledge of Protein-Energy Malnutrition in Selected Rural Area of Gwalior District with a view to Develop Health Education Module
Mr. Parashram, Dr. Madhusoodan, Dr. Mahipal Singh
Page no 168-177 |
10.21276/sjnhc
Protein-Energy Malnutrition has been identified as a major public health and
nutritional problem in India. It not only leads to childhood morbidity and mortality but
also leads to impairment of physical and possibly of mental growth of those who survive.
Protein-Energy Malnutritionis a most lethal form of malnutrition; children are its most
visible victims of malnutrition. "The silent emergency is an accomplice in at least half of
the 10.9 million deaths is there in each year. Protein-Energy Malnutrition is a global
problem. Nearly 150 million children under 5 years in the world and 70 - 80 million in
India suffer from protein-energy malnutrition, nearly 20 million in the world and 4 million
suffer from severe forms of Protein-Energy Malnutrition like Kwashiorkor and Marasmus,
Khokar. A et al., [5]. The study was based on Rosenstock’s and Becker’s health behaviour
model. The data was collected by descriptive method, 150 mothers were selected from the
urban slum area by simple random sampling technique. Data was collected by using
structured interview schedule for a period of 4 weeks. Both descriptive and inferential
statistics were used for data analysis. The study findings revealed that the majority of
mothers were illiterates. Hence there is a need to educate the mothers regarding correct
feeding practices and that helps in. After the detailed analysis of this study shows that
Nurses can adopt the health education module to educate the mothers about ProteinEnergy Malnutrition. They can impart the knowledge to the care givers regarding do's and
don'ts of feeding practices which leads to the occurrence of Protein-Energy Malnutrition
and can educate the mothers regarding prevention and control of Protein-Energy
Malnutrition.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Focused Group Discussion to Identify Mental Health Literacy among Caregivers of Beggar Relief and Rehabilitation Center
Greeny Treesa Jose, Dr. V.V. Mohan Chandran, Dr. Christopher Sudhakar
Page no 737-740 |
10.36348/sjmps.2018.v04i07.002
The aim of the study is to assess the mental health literacy among care providers working in beggar relief and rehabilitation center. The study setting is Bangalore beggar relief and rehabilitation center. Focused group discussion was conducted to identify mental health literacy. Two separate focused group discussion were conducted. One for nurses and one for warders. Eight nurses and eight warders working in the center were selected using purposive sampling technique. The method used to analyze the data is interview transcribing. The Reponses shows that nurses has some knowledge and warders had poor knowledge about causes, commonly seen mental illness, signs and symptoms, treatment, medications and side effects of mental illness. But intense training will help the nurses and warders to improve and affirm their knowledge. The focused group discussion concludes that the mental health literacy among nurses and warders need to be improved to better care the mentally ill inmates of beggar relief and rehabilitation center. The nurses had better knowledge compared to the warders.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices among Secondary School Students in Sana'a City, Yemen
Khaled A. AL-Jawfi, Ali M. Al-Mashhadani
Page no 224-230 |
10.21276/sjodr.2018.3.7.4
This study was designed to assess oral health knowledge, attitudes and
practices among secondary schools students in Sana'a city, Yemen. A cross-sectional
questionnaire-based study was conducted on (1000) of secondary school students, (500)
male students and (500) female students with an age ranged from 16-19 years. A selfadministered structured questionnaire consisting of 24 questions on socio-demographic
data, oral health knowledge, attitudes and practices was distributed and collected data
was subjected to statistical analysis. The mean knowledge scores for the secondary
school students was 72.27 with a statistically significant difference between males and
females (P = 0.001). Nearly 75.5% of them reported that regular visits to the dentist are
necessary. In contrast, nearly (60.3%) of them visited the dentist when they felt pain and
toothache was the most leading reason provided for visiting the dentist (62.1%).
Moreover, nearly 42.9% of them reported that fear of needles and drilling was the major
reason for their fearing of visiting the dentist. The use of toothbrush and paste was the
most oral hygiene method used (78.6%). About 44.6% of them brushed their teeth once
per day and 36.8% of them spent one minute for brushing their teeth. Nearly 44.3% of
them reported that the time of tooth brushing was before going to bed only. Finally, most
of them (74.1%) reported that their parents advised them about the importance of oral
hygiene without their watching and did not supervise them. It showed that the students
had good oral health knowledge. However, their oral health knowledge, attitudes and
practices were bitter in female students than male students.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Design, Statistical Optimization and inVitro-InVivo Correlation of Extended Release Abacavir Tablets: Influence of Azadirachta indica Gum
Harsha KJ, Sivakumar R, Siva P, Shifana M, Reshma Fathima K, Haribabu Y
Page no 842-848 |
10.36348/sjmps.2018.v04i07.021
The aim of the present investigation was to develop controlled release tablet of Abacavir sulphate using. Azadirachta indica (Neem gum) and comparison with official guar gum (BP). Additionally, physiochemical properties of the gum were evaluated. Totally five batches abacavir containing extended release tablets were designed using neem gum / guargum characterized for preliminary trial. Best formulation was selected for optimization by 22 central composite design. In this Input variable were Neem gum/Guargum (X1) and Microcrystalline cellulose (X2). The output variables were Hardness (Y1) friability (Y2) swelling index (Y3) and in vitro release (Y4). The optimized formulations were subjected for inviro-invivo correlation. The study results revealed optimized batch A2 showed hardness of 5.8 kg / cm2, friability 0.63 %, swelling index 84.3% and in vitro release of 90% over the period of 12 h. A higher similarity between optimized tablets and Abamune tablets (Cipla) was established with similarity factors f2 was 50 .7.pH 6. 8 phosphate buffer. Also the in virtro in vivo correlation coefficient obtain from point –point analysis of optimized tablets was 0.98. The optimized tablets exhibit super case 11 mechanism.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Effect of Commercial Bank Credits on the Performance of Agricultural and Manufacturing Sectors in Nigeria; 1986-2016
Mike Anyanwaokoro, Ogbu, Emenike Gerald
Page no 122-128 |
10.36348/sjef
Nigerian economy is a multi-sector economy with agricultural and
manufacturing sectors as the prime sectors. This study focused on the effect of
commercial bank credits on the output of agricultural and manufacturing sectors in
Nigeria. It spanned for the period of 31years (1986-2016) and made use of secondary data
extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical (CBN) Bulletin for various years.
The study adopted ex-post facto research design and employed the Autoregressive
Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound test and Ordinary least squares multiple regression
analysis considering necessary diagnostic tests such as unit root test, test of normality,
heteroskedasticity test, and cointegration test. The findings revealed that commercial bank
credits have significant positive effect on the productivity of agricultural and
manufacturing sectors in Nigeria. The implication of the findings is that more credits to
agriculture and manufacturing sectors in Nigeria will increase output in the respective
sectors. Hence, the researcher recommended among others more lending to agricultural
and manufacturing sectors so as to boost productivity of these sectors.
RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Road Infrastructure and Economic Growth in Benin Republic
Mouhamed Bayane Bouraima, Chabi Marcellin Daki Dominique
Page no 680-688 |
10.36348/sb.2018.v04i07.019
The paper investigates the impact of the contribution of road infrastructure expenditure on economic growth of Benin Republic using Jarque-Berra, White test, Breusch-Godfrey, Cusum and Cusum of squares techniques for the period (1985-2015). Overall the results reveal that gross domestic product, gross capital formation, labor productivity and road infrastructure expenditure play an important role in economic growth in the Benin Republic. More importantly, the study finds that road infrastructure expenditure in the Benin Republic has a significant positive contribution to economic growth in the long run than the short run. It is the same result with the gross capital formation. The labor production has a significant positive contribution to economic growth in long run. On the basis of these results analysis, it is strongly suggested to formulate certain recommendations in the field of economic policy that improves the road infrastructure expenditure as well as gross capital formation for sustainable economic growth in the Benin Republic. A new model has been proposed to the General Directorate of Public Works in effectively monitoring the level of road infrastructure expenditure in terms of growth and poverty reduction objectives
REVIEW ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Brief Life History and the views of Shaykh Abd Allah Bin Foduye and Bediuzzaman Said Nursi on the ‘Ijaz al-Qur’an (Miraculousness of the Qur’an): A Comparative Analysis
Zayyanu Altine, Sani Abdulmalik
Page no 831-836 |
10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.7.6
The Qur‟an contains the Divine revelations of Allah (The exalted) to
mankind. It is the message from Allah to man and therefore of utmost importance to
us. Therefore, some special knowledge of the circumstances that surround the
Glorious Qur‟an is also necessary for fuller understanding of its meaning and
implications. This paper, therefore, studies one of the important science of the
Qur‟an (that is Miraculousness of the Qur‟an) comparatively from the views of two
prominent Islamic scholars, such as; Shaykh „Abd Allah bn Foduye who was born
in the year 1179A.H/1766-7.C.E and (d. 1829 C.E), and Bediuzzaman Sa‟id Nursi
who was born in 1877 C.E in the small village of Nurs in the province of Bitlis in
eastern Anatolia of the old Ottoman Empire (modern day Turkey) and (d. 1960
C.E), who had a good numerous of things in common and differ with Shaykh Abd
Allah in some explanations especially in „Ijaz al-Qur‟an (Miraculousness of the
Qur‟an).This paper attempts to discuss definition of the „Ijaz al-Qur‟an, the views
of Bediuzzaman Said Nursi and Shaykh Abd Allah bn Foduye on „Ijaz al-Qur‟an.
The paper also explains where these two prominent Islamic sages are compatible
and incompatible concerning their thoughts on the Miraculousness of the Qur‟an.
This paper also explicit the two great scholars have expresses this aspect of „Ijaz alQur‟an (Miraculousness of the Qur‟an) in details. The whole idea of selecting these
renowned scholars, despite the difference in the time of their existence and place of
activities, is for a number of reasons. Firstly, to show the efforts of the two scholars
in reviving the religion of Islam in their respective domains and times and
vindicating its truth despite the challenges they encountered from those who were
against the teachings of Islam. Secondly, is to show the people of these two
continents that there are great scholars who worked vigorously about Qur‟an and to
benefit from their knowledge and good character. Looking at the nature and scope
of this research, analytical method was employed by studying and analyzing the
works of the two scholars.
RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Land Use and Land Cover Analysis Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of Nashik City, Maharashtra
Bharat L.Gadakh, Ravindra G.Jaybhaye
Page no 663-670 |
10.36348/sb.2018.v04i07.017
The spatial patterns of urban land use at both the macro and the micro levels are a central issue in global change studies. The land use/land cover (LU/LC) changes are real important to have proper provision and use of natural resources and their management. Land is becoming a scarce resource due to immense agricultural and demographic pressure. Hence, information on land use /land cover and possibilities for their optimal function is essential for the selection, preparation and implementation of land use schemes meet the increasing needs for basic human needs and welfare It was done by using the data SOI Toposheets, Landsat TM, (1991), Landsat ETM+ (2001), LISS-III (2011) and LISS –IV (2016) and with the aid of using Remote Sensing and Geographical information Techniqnies. The supervised classification method is used to classify the land use and land cover of the study area. The major findings of change detection analysis revealed that the maximum change in the land use and land cover from 1981 to 2016 has been seen in the instance of the built-up area, which has varied from 2.89% to 40.36%. The major expansion of the built-up area is mainly along the highways and the outskirts.
REVIEW ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
The Struggle of Shaykh ‘Uthman Bin Foduye in Re-formation of Faith and Social Vices among the People of Gobir Kingdom: A Critical Analysis
Vaffi Foday Sheriff, Zayyanu Altine
Page no 886-891 |
10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.7.12
Shaykh „Uthman bin Foduye (1754-1817) was born and raised in Hausaland
(presently Northern Nigeria) where the inhabitants lived in a darkness of ignorance
about Islam. The aim of writing this paper is to analyse the struggle of Shaykh „Uthman
bin Foduye in Hausaland when he wanted to reform people‟s attitude towards Islamic
Faith. Firstly it starts by briefing the biography of Shaykh „Uthman bin Foduye, it also
discusses the situation and activities of people in Gobir Kingdom before and after the
reformation of Shaykh „Uthman bin Foduye. Then the paper underlines the approaches
of Shaykh „Uthman bin Foduye in reforming the Faith and Social Vices among the
people in Gobir Kingdom. The method used in this research is analytical method. The
paper ends by conclusion and some recommendations which if well used Hausaland
will be turn to a land of peace and prosperity.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Case-based Learning in Respiratory System for First-year MBBS Students
Rupali Gajare, Suchitkumar Kamkhedkar, Sundaram Kartikeyan, Rucha Wagh, Sandhya Khadse
Page no 758-762 |
10.36348/sjmps.2018.v04i07.006
This complete-enumeration, before-and-after type of study (without controls), was conducted in April 2018 on 53 First-year MBBS students (24 females: 45.28% and 29 males: 54.72%) at a medical college in Kalwa, Thane, Maharashtra, India. After explaining the purpose of the study to the prospective participants, written informed consent was obtained. Those who did not give written informed consent or those who were absent during either pre- or post-test were excluded. The pre-test, conducted after traditional didactic lectures on respiratory system, comprised 15 questions (2 marks each; total 30 marks). The post-test was conducted after case-based learning, using a questionnaire that was identical to that of the pre-test. The outcome studied was the difference in cognitive domain scores after attending traditional didactic lectures (by a pre-test) and after case-based learning (by a post-test). The difference between the mean pre-test score (14.11 +/- 5.12; 95% CI: 7.13 - 15.49) and post-test score (25.92 +/- 4.63; 95% CI: 24.68 - 27.17) was highly significant (Z=12.455; p<0.0001). In the pre-test, the first quartile score of female students was on par with the third quartile score of their male counterparts while the third quartile score of female students was on par with the maximum score obtained by males. The pre-test result also exhibited higher variability in scores obtained by male students. In the post-test, the overall scores of male students improved and the maximum score and third quartile were identical for students of both genders. In the pre-test, the gender differences in mean scores were statistically significant for 5 out of 15 questions, while the mean scores in the post-test did not exhibit significant gender differences. Extension of this study to other topics in the First-year MBBS course may enable formulation of suitable teaching-learning techniques.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Stress and Stress Management Practices among Undergraduates of Nnamdi Azikiwe University (Unizik), Awka, Nigeria
Nwankwo Ignaius Uche
Page no 865-877 |
10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.7.10
This study examined stress and stress management amongst undergraduates
of Nnamdi Azikiwe University (Unizik), Awka, Nigeria. The person – environment fit
theory was adopted as the theoretical framework. Cluster and simple sampling
techniques were used for this research work, while the sample size used was 200. Data
was collected via questionnaire and in-depth interview. Questionnaire data from the
field was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The study
revealed that there is no relationship between sex of a student and their awareness and
knowledge of stress management techniques. Also there was no relationship between
the academic level of students and their acceptance that stress influences academic
performance in various ways. The researcher recommended that the school
management should add stress management skills as part of the school curriculum,
inform students in advance of the difficulties they might face and encourage them to
develop their own strategies to achieve personal goals during the orientation week for
new students. It was also recommended that close lecturer - student relationships be
cultivated so that students can approach lecturers on personal issues to improve their
academic performance. The paper concluded that when students are exposed to
knowledge and skills relevant to stress management, they will effectively cope with
school related stress, graduate with good grades and in turn, be in a position to
contribute positively to national growth.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
Prevalence and Pattern of Refractive Errors among Secondary Schools Students in Sulaimaniya city-Kurdistan region-Iraq
Ali Abdullah Taqi Al-Saffar, Banaz Ghafoor Saeed
Page no 780-787 |
10.36348/sjmps.2018.v04i07.010
Awareness of poor visual acuity that can be treated easily and effectively in the student groups can add positively for their quality of life and quality of their study. A descriptive cross-sectional study done among students aged 14–19 years in secondary schools in Sulaimani city from six secondary schools both male and female are enrolled. To determine the prevalence and pattern of refractive errors in this students group and determine the prevalence of different types of refractive errors which include (Myopia, Hypermetropia & Astigmatism). The total of 848 students aged 14–19 years, were examined. Examination included visual acuity testing by E chart, and refraction was done for those having visual acuity less than 6/6. The refractive errors of the students' eyes were measured using streak self -luminous Retinoscopy and non-Cycloplegic auto-refraction. Out of 848 students, 737 (86.9%) were emmetropic (normal visual acuity) and 111 (13.1%) were ametropic. Of those 111 students, Myopia with myopic astigmatism was the commonest types: 41(36.9%), and 52(46.8%) students respectively. Hypermetropia found in 14(12.6%) students. Anisometropia was found in seven (6.3%) students, represents (0.8%) of the sample. Amblyopia was found in 11(10%) students, of overall sample (1.3%) had Amblyopia. Only one had bilateral Amblyopia. Bilateral vision correction to 6/6 was found in 81(73%) students, (9.6%) of the study sample, Six (5.4%) students (0.7%) had unilateral correction to 6/6, Nine (8.1%) students (1.1%) had bilateral correction to 6/9, and 15(13.50%) students, overall represents (1.8%) of them, their vision was correctable to less than 6/12. Those having glasses earlier were 35(31.50%) students represent (4.1%) of the sample while 76(68.50%) student need glasses. Prevalence of refractive errors was 13.1% of the sample. Simple myopia was the most prevalent refractive errors that corrected to 6/6, While. Amblyopia was more common in hypermetropic. Anisometropia was the least common of the sample.
REVIEW ARTICLE | July 30, 2018
The Impacts of Proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons on the Quest for National Security in Nigeria
Peterside Zainab Brown
Page no 852-860 |
10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.7.8
The proliferation of small arms and light weapons is and has remained one
of the major security challenges Nigeria, Africa and the World at large is currently
facing. The thrust of this paper is on the impact of uncontrolled proliferation,
stockpiling, trafficking, availability and usage of these arms on Nigeria‟s national
security as it is believed to fuel alarming levels of armed crime, communal conflict,
political instability, social unrest as well as making all the geo-political zones of the
country to be flooded with small arms. The paper further argues that the inability of the
Nigerian government and its law enforcement agencies to check the menace has led to
a major challenge of security, as it was revealed that previous and current efforts at
tackling the issue has not yielded much efforts as only a few number of seizures of
illegal arms has been made hence the proliferation continues to sustain and exacerbates
armed conflicts within the country. The study is anchored on the realist and failed state
theories using secondary data, literature evidence, descriptive and historical
methodology. Findings reveal that the impact of small arms and light weapons on the
society is too grave and devastating to be treated with kid‟s glove as it leads to massive
loss of lives and properties, erodes social capital, facilitate corruption and climate of
impunity. The paper recommends that the government must rise up to the challenges of
tackling the menace with all seriousness and commitment.