This study explores (a) what Greek school principals value as important both for themselves as principals (desired values) and for other principals in school administration (desirable values), directly and indirectly; and the Greek school principals opinions (b) about the factors affecting their personal and professional values and (c) about the importance of values in educational administration. Twelve principals were invited to decide upon vignettes (hypothetical scenarios) for their values indirectly to be unraveled, whereas semi-structured interviews were applied for the participants‟ values directly to be investigated and the other two research questions to be answered. The data were analyzed with the qualitative content analysis. A consistent finding emerged between the principals‟ desired and desirable values, explored both directly and indirectly, was the prevalence of the values of consequences for immediate clients (students, educators and parents) and collaboration. Regarding the factors impacting on principals‟ personal values, family, friends, and the Christian religion were mentioned as highly influential, while the principals‟ professional values were shaped mostly through their professional experience and their career path in Greek educational administration. However, interestingly, the principals‟ immediate supervisors seemed to affect mainly negatively the participants‟ professional values. These findings were found to reinforce and extend the research indicating the significance of values in educational administration, and they are discussed in terms of their implications for value-led principalship and principals‟ professional development

Repetitive behavior is a common symptom in children and is characterised by sameness, rigidity and repetitiveness. These stereotypic and repetitive behaviors are seen in various psychiatric as well as neurological disorders. Till today, the focus of almost all studies was on repetitive behavior in ASD & OCD. The purpose of this study is to bring all the children presenting with repetitive behavior under the same roof, to investigate the patterns of repetitive behaviour in children associated with different childhood disorders and to study the distribution and severity of repetitive behaviors among childhood psychiatric disorders. A Cross-sectional observational study, for the duration of 1 year, was performed on 72 Children (0-12yr) with repetitive behaviour attending the child guidance clinic, who had given consent. Children were screened by using CBCL and diagnosed as per ICD-10 DCR. Severity of repetitive behaviors was assessed using the RBS-R scale & score of different subscale of each disorder were compared. Statistical analysis was done on SPSS version 23. Total 8 types of disorders were included in this study. Stereotyped behavior, Self-injurious behavior more in PDD than OCD, MR &TIC. Compulsive behavior more in OCD than PDD, TIC & MR. Ritualistic behavior, sameness behavior, restricted behavior and total score are more in OCD than tic disorder. Stereotyped behavior more in Tic disorder than OCD. Stereotyped behavior and self-injurious behavior more in MR than OCD. This research contributes to the literature looking at domains or specific groups of repetitive behavior within children with PDD, OCD, TIC and other disorders. As per our knowledge this is the first study in India on repetitive behavior in different childhood disorders.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of constituency bursary provision timings on internal efficiency of public secondary schools in TransNzoia County Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya. The study was underpinned on Human Capital Theory developed by Schultz in 1971. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design with a target population of 77,337 persons. 78 (30% of 261) schools were randomly selected 16 from each sub-county with the exception of Endebes with 14 schools. A sample of 399 respondents was selected using Fischer formula. These included 306 form three students, 78 principals and 5 DEO, 5AEO and 5 CBF. A maximum of 4 form three students were randomly selected from the sampled schools. Data was collected data using questionnaires, documentary analysis and interview schedules. The instruments were validated by the three experts. Reliability of the instruments was determined through a pilot study where the Pearson‟s correlation coefficient of 0.73 was obtained, hence the instruments were considered reliable. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and presented in tables, while qualitative data from interviews was organized into themes and subthemes. The study established that, there was a significant (p= .001; α = 0.05) relationship between constituency bursary provisions and internal efficiency in public secondary in Kenya. It was therefore recommended that for enhanced internal efficiency in public secondary schools, there should be greater stakeholders‟ involvement during the bursary provision time.

Telehealth is increasingly used to manage many long-term conditions including ones which affect physical and mental health. The range of methods of delivering telehealth is increasing as technology, and the internet, develop and become increasingly ubiquitous. The various means of delivering telehealth includes the use of computers, smart phones, mobile phones and landlines. As the means of communicating remotely increase, so do the range of ways in which telehealth can be used to both monitor long-term conditions and aid in the delivery of self-care. This paper reviews various applications of telehealth as they are applied to the management of type II diabetes. It examines the role of the different forms of technology in monitoring the disease remotely, in prompting episodes of self-care and in the delivery of proactive education. The review identifies sixteen randomised controlled trials which all use telehealth, in at least one of its forms, to deliver monitoring, disease management prompts and proactive education (or any combination of the three) remotely. The quality of the evidence uncovered is variable, with the long-term utility of many of the approaches remaining largely unproven because of the time limited nature of the research available. The least equivocal findings are from the studies which take a three pronged approach to the delivery of telehealth – monitoring, prompting and educating – which all showed measurable benefit in terms of the management of blood glucose levels. This improvement also held true for the studies which employed both monitoring and real time disease management prompts alone. The evidence suggests therefore, that attempts to use telehealth to improve the management of type II need to include, at the very least, an element of remote monitoring and real-time disease management prompts. Whether the benefits which accrue from these approaches have any long-term value needs to be further researched.

The provision of education in Kenya has been tremendous over the past years. Notwithstanding the fact that a major stride through the secondary education policy has been attained, the current indicators exhibit high levels of inefficiency. This is evidenced by high national poor performance in national examinations in many schools. The quality of education, including its relevance to the country’s needs has also been questioned. The study intended to highlight the role of leadership among secondary schools principals in improving academic performance among students. Leadership is viewed as an ingredient in accounting for differences in the success of schools. The study utilized quantitative survey approach and involved 364 respondents in Trans Nzoia County. The study found a positive correlation between the role of principals and quality academic performance. It recommended that school principals should be pivotal in transforming their schools into successful institutions through enhancement of curriculum, development of instruction and learning environment and leadership styles. Principals are pivotal in transforming their institutions.

A very simple, accurate, precise, robust, rugged and stability indicating method with gradient elution was developed for simultaneous estimation of Linagliptin and Empagliflozin in tablets. The developed method was rapid with a run time of 25 minutes eluting the peaks at 5.388 min (Linagliptin) and 8.390 min (Empagliflozin) and economic. The Chromatographic separation was achieved gradiently on a Hypersil ODS 3V, 250 x 4.6 mm.5.0µ. Column by using Potassium di-hydrogen phosphate (adjusted to pH 2.20 with ortho phosphoric acid) as mobile phase –A. Water: Acetonitrile (5:95) is used as mobile phase-B.. Flow rate of 1mL/min with UV detection at 225nm was used. The retention times of Linagliptin & Empagliflozin are 5.388 min and 8.390 min respectively. The developed method was specific and well separated from the impurities of both Linagliptin & Empagliflozin. The method is linear in a range of 40% to 160 % against the standard concentration for both Linagliptin & Empagliflozin. The correlation coefficient was found to be R2= 0.995 & 0.996 for Linagliptin & Empagliflozin respectively. Both standard and test solutions proved to be stable for up to 48 Hrs. Forced degradation study showed that the method is stability indicating. The developed method can be used for routine analysis of Linagliptin & Empagliflozin fixed dose combination.

This theoretical paper uses document analysis to probe South Sudan‟s new National Curriculum Framework (2014) as an official text and its implications as a change agenda with a view to arriving at a perspective about the task of the school in the world‟s newest country. The study notes that the country‟s curriculum change policy seeks to enact a curriculum model that provides both equality and quality with a pedagogic philosophy that is humanistic in essence, transformative in outlook and historical in perspective. The new model shifts from subject-specific to generic curriculum that offers more student choice, relies on environment and accentuates social and life skills in a broader milieu of competencies. The new arrivals on the subject scene are information & communication technology, vocational education & enterprise, and values education in the form of environmental sustainability, life skills and peace studies to consolidate civics and cement the country‟s diverse society. However, the facility of the Framework to promote inclusive education is constrained by its design possibilities and the practical realities of school education in South Sudan as its official launch date of 2019 approaches. The scope for broader learner experience beyond conventionality will remain largely rhetorical or even inimical in as far as the resources for emancipatory practices are held back by the dual force of curriculum novelty and state priority. The prospect of wide gaps between planned, delivered and experienced curriculum is, therefore, real and vexed. It remains to be seen if the Ministry has a strategy at all to deal with any eventual knock-on effect. The fact remains, too, that the Framework is heavily prescriptive in nature and as such could potentially prove counter-productive to teacher agency with drastic consequences for local teacher appraisal practices. Thus, implementing a new curriculum short of resources and through the political doldrums of shifting timelines is principally an unmitigated disaster. It could lead to a tacit rejection of curriculum change, more out of repulsion than upon reflection. The fortunes of South Sudan‟s National Curriculum Framework (2014) are thus defined; and the broader discourse of reform duly confined.

The accurate morphological identification of the cells is a diagnostic problem in conventional smears. By using 10% alcohol formalin as a fixative and obtaining cell block gives effective diagnosis regarding cellular morphology in serous effusions. This study was carried out to evaluate cell block technique as a diagnostic tool for serous effusions. It is expected that cell block technique will give better morphological details and thereby improve the sensitivity of the diagnosis in comparison with conventional smears. This retrospective study was conducted in cytology section in a tertiary care hospital,46 fluid samples were subjected to diagnostic evaluation over a period of 10months.The cell blocks were prepared by using 10% alcohol-formalin as a fixing agent along with the conventional smears. The nucleo-cytoplasmic details were evaluated as benign, suspicious for malignancy and malignancy in both conventional smears and cell block method. Out of 46cases only 3/46cases (6.53%) found to be malignant in conventional smearsand using cell block technique 6/46cases (13.043%) were positive for malignancy. Cell block technique is a useful adjuvant evaluating fluid cytology for the more presumptive diagnosis, when combined with conventional smear method. Cell blocks can be stored for a longer period for further evaluation and can be used for special stains, Immunohistochemistry and molecular diagnosis in order to obtain specific diagnosis.

This paper addresses the inconsistencies that exist between the stated objectives of the National Policy on Education and the delivery of the content of the national curriculum in the educational system of Nigeria. This stems from the fact that what is intended in the curriculum is different from what is perceived by learners. This concept which has been identified as the hidden curriculum is what this paper strives to relate as the root cause of some unhealthy relationships in the society. It reveals ultimately the reason why education in Nigeria has not been able to provide the needed thrust visa-a-vis the three key values necessary for national development. In view of this exposition, recommendations are made towards a redirection of focus on the educational delivery to strike a balance between what the curriculum intends and the final outcome on the learners.

Focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH) or Goltz syndrome is a rare genetic skin disorder; characterized by abnormalities of both ectodermal and mesodermal structures. We report the case of a girl of 8 years of Moroccan origin, second of a fratery of two, resulting from a non-consanguineous marriage and without any particular family history. Examination at admission notes that the patient presents with an overall hypotrophy, right facial asymmetry with low-set protruding ear, narrow nasal bridge. The examination of the oral cavity notes: Arborescent papillomas of the oral mucosa, hypertrophy gingival, abnormous tooth form, ectopic extensive dental caries eruption. Skeletal abnormalities: Ectrodactyly ("lobsterclaw" hand deformity) of the right hand, Syndactyly bilateral second and third toes. Hypopigmentation of the abdomen skin, microphthalmia of the right eye. The rest of the clinical examination is without particularity. The genetic study confirmed the diagnosis of FDH by highlighting a mutation of the PORCN gene.

Teachers play an important role in the implementation of secondary school curriculum. However, implementation of secondary school curriculum has not been effective. The study was guided by the persistent burnout theory. The study adopted mixed methods approach and used the concurrent triangulation research design. The target population for this study was 806 respondents from which a sample of 243 was selected using the Central Limit Theorem. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from secondary school teachers whereas interview guides were used to collect qualitative data from school heads and education officers. Validity was established through expert judgment whereas reliability was determined using test retest technique and reliability was obtained using Cronbach Alpha Method. Credibility of qualitative data was ascertained by involving multiple analysts, whereas dependability was established through detailed reporting of the research process. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically along the research questions and presented in narrative forms whereas quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferentially using ANOVA and presented in tables and charts. The study established that teachers‟ emotional exhaustion influence implementation of secondary school curriculum. Thus, the study recommends that school management and Ministry of Education need to devise ways of motivating teachers by providing incentives, instructional resources and physical facilities. Teachers need to develop positive selfesteem, attitude and positive perception towards oneself.

The aqueous and chloroform extracts of Acacia nilotica linn belonging to the family Fabaceae were evaluated for anthelmintic activity. The dried powder of Acacia nilotica bark was extracted and the activity was studied. Both aqueous and chloroform extract collected were tested for anthelmintic activity against Indian adult earthworm Pheretima posthuma (Annelida) and recorded the time taken for induction of paralysis and death. Two concentrations (25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml) of aqueous and chloroform were evaluated in the bioassay involving determination of time of paralysis (P) and time of death (D) of the worms. Piperazine citrate (10 mg/ml) was used as reference standard and normal saline solution as a control. Comparative results of present study indicated that the aqueous and chloroform extracts of leaves of Acacia nilotica, linn shows significantly dose depending pharmacological activity on the earthworms.

This study sought to investigate the students‟ perceived social factors that contribute to examination malpractices in Eldoret West Campus of Moi University, Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The objectives of the study were; to analyze strategies to curb examination malpractices in public universities. Descriptive research design was used. Simple random, stratified and purposive sampling techniques were used in choosing the sample size. The target population for the study was the student counselors, Dean School of education, Chief Examination officer and third year students from the school of Education. The sample size for the study was third year education students. The research instruments used to collect data were questionnaires, interview schedules and document analysis. The analysis of data was done using both qualitative and quantitative. It was found out that lack of accommodation facilities, limited provision of guidance and counseling services, poor orientation into the university system and work study programmes contribute to examination malpractices while limited provision of catering services and allowing students to operate business in the university premises do not contribute to examination malpractices in the institution. It was therefore recommended that there is need for the institution to put in place active student counseling services to deter students from engaging themselves in examination malpractices since most students believed that there is lack of guidance and counseling in the institution. The findings are expected to benefit in formulating university examination policy. Similarly, there is need for ISO standards to be adhered to during lecture hours and examination hours to curb examination malpractices in the institution

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune, systemic disease, characterized by polyarthritis, erosive synovitis and sometimes shows multi system involvement. Oxidative damage induced by reactive species has been related to the pathophysiology of RA. The inflammation in the joints leads to joint damage and thus influences the quality of life in these patients. This work was undertaken to determine oxidative stress markers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and to observe its correlation with inflammatory markers. Malondialdehyde (MAD) and Nitric oxide (NO) are estimated as the markers of oxidative stress and High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is measured as a marker of inflammation. A cross-sectional study in rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy controls was done. We included 40 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 40 healthy controls. MDA, NO and hsCRP are measured in all the subjects. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS statistical software version 17.0. MDA, NO and hsCRP levels were increased in RA patients when compared to controls (p<0.001) and a positive correlation between the inflammatory marker and oxidative stress markers was also observed in these patients. The value of R is 0.7277 for MDA and hsCRP where as R value is 0.6153 for NO and hsCRP. The findings of present study support the concept of oxidative stress leading to tissue damage and inflammation. The positive correlation between inflammation and oxidative stress in these patients indicate the importance of correction of oxidative stress along with inflammation, further large and well controlled studies are needed to establish the role of anti oxidants in treatment protocols of RA patients.

This research aimed to improve written expression (composition) skills of twelve grade students of the Al-Mazar secondary school by using the Tamer-Aien intervention model. The intervention model was designed by using metacognitive strategic concept, techniques, symbols and diagrams. This study was conducted at AlMazar secondary school in Jordan. A total sample of 22 students‟ from the same grade was chosen for the study. The baseline assessment was carried out to explore the preintervention writing skill score of the students prior to the intervention cycle one. Later, intervention and writing skill support strategies were carried out for twelve weeks. In the end, post-test was carried out to explore the differences occurred in the writing score of the students as a post-intervention effect. The findings obtained from the quantitative data showed the improvement in the written expression skills of the students. It was observed that through taking the above-mentioned measures, the teachers can help students improve their writing skills. Data were analyzed using the independent Mann-Whitney U test followed by Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test. The results showed that there was a positive effect on the students writing performance from the pretest at the beginning of intervention program up to the posttest at the end of the intervention program. The findings have implications for pedagogy as well as for research.