In equality in girl’s education has been a subject for many developing countries. The Kenyan government developed the policy of the re-entry of the teenage mothers to school in 2001. The policy allows teenage mothers to re-enter schools after delivery. Despite the policy being in place, very few teenage mothers have been returning to school. This study sought to find out the cultural aspects that affects the implementation of the re-entry policy of teenage mothers to school in Bungoma County. The main objective of the study was to find out the various aspects of culture that affected the re-entry policy of teenage mother to schools in Bungoma County. The critical theory by Habernes was adopted as the theoretical framework. The convergent parallel mixed method research design was used. The research population comprised of teenage mothers, student girls, head teachers, principals, Guiding and Counselling teachers, Sub County Quality Assurance and Standards Officers. The main data collection instruments were Questionnaires and Interview schedules. Questionnaires were administered to the Teenage mothers, school girls, Guidance and counselling teachers, while the interview schedule were administered to Sub County Quality Assurance and Standards Officers and head teachers. Pilot study was carried out in Trans Nzoia County. Reliability index of 0.79 was obtained. Quantitative data was coded and presented using tables and analyzed through frequency distribution and percentages. Qualitative data was organized and broken into themes synthesized to search for patterns and meaning. This study was significant for it identified various cultural factors that affected the implementation of the re-entry policy. The study revealed various cultural factors that hindered the effective implementation of the policy included, attitudes, prejudice, gender discrimination and traditional customs. There is therefore a need to address these cultural factors so as to enable these teenage mothers to reenter school.

Mobile phone usage has become an essential component of daily life. Several studies have raised concerns about the possible deleterious effects on the nervous system due to exposure of electromagnetic radiations. We aimed to study the effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on the spinal cord of albino rats. In the present study twenty-four adult albino rats of either sex weighing 180-200 grams each were divided into four groups: 1 control and 3 experimental and were exposed to RF-EMR via complete missed calls of 45 seconds duration each. Both the experimental and control groups were then sacrificed and spinal cord was isolated for tissue processing. The processed tissue was then stained (hematoxylin and eosin) and observed under light microscope. Light microscopy of the spinal cord showed the cellular size of the neuronal cells was reduced in dorsal and ventral horn interneurons, their nucleus was heterochromatic. Neurons were irregular, loosely arranged, darkly stained and decreased in size. Ventral horn cells of the spinal cord showed absent cytoplasm, heterochromatic nucleus with invisible nucleoli. Dose dependency with more radiation exhibit more changes in comparison to less exposed rats. From our findings, it is suggestive to protect the population living around base stations and users of mobile handsets. For this the government and regulatory bodies adopt safety standards which minimizes the hazardous effects of mobile radiation

Global interests in both pre and post-colonial periods dominate conservation practices in Africa. The argument that human beings and their activities are the drivers of environmental degradation served as a bedrock for the formation of early-protected areas across the continent. Other stakeholders who do not necessarily bear the costs realize the huge benefits of conservation. Equally important is the fact that, in both the colonized and non-colonized geographies, replication of similar, though not identical conservation policies evolved and dominated the biodiversity conservation patterns and the current scene of policies at least in some East African countries. This paper seeks to analyze the historical incidents that triggered these countries, namely (Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Kenya) to adopt Fortress Conservation approach from the outset and unable to change under growing pressures from local and global stakeholders interested in resource use and conservation alike. To that end, the historical survey of literatures devoted to conservation practices and approaches of these countries, comparative analysis of the actual conservation policies at work, and the different interests mobilized by different actors were identified and systematically analyzed.

Headlines remain the most significant part in news reports, for which they provide readers with the major information. Meanwhile, pragmatic presupposition focuses on the study of the relationships between utterances, context and participants in communication, thus being widely used in the design of news headlines. So this paper mainly analyzes English news headlines selected from China Daily from the perspective of pragmatic presupposition to explore how readers can quickly correlate news headlines with the news. The results confirm the functions of presupposition to provide worthwhile information and attract readers’ attention. Through the study, it’s intended to enable the readers with a better understanding of news headlines behind presupposition and help the news editors create more attractive headlines.

Comparative evaluation of wettability of 3 different root canal sealers on dentin. 30 dentin blocks were prepared from single rooted maxillary anterior teeth. After storage and adequate cleaning protocol, they were surface treated with 17% EDTA (Glyde File Prep, Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) Prime Dental Products) for 5 minutes. Following this, they were divided into 3 groups (n=10) for: Group I: AH Plus, Group II: Endo Sequence BC Sealer, Group III: MTA Fillapex. Controlled volume of each sealer was placed onto the dentin blocks using a customized wire loop. The contact angle in each case was measured using Dataphysics OCA Easydrop software on a dynamic contact angle analyzer for 1 minute. Readings will be analysed with suitable statistical tests. The contact angle values for AH Plus sealer were significantly lower when compared to the other two sealer groups. The wettability of AH Plus sealer on the root surface dentin was found to be better than Endosequence BC Sealer and Endoseal MTA.

This article attempts to examine how songs are associated with discursive and communicative activities in the traditional xoy ceremony in Seereer country. It proposes a reflection on the coupling between the verbal communication and the singing communication to demonstrate their complementarities and then to analyze the influence of the one on the other with respect to the functional process of the communicational exchanges. The article also emphasizes the multiplicity of communicative functions that songs play in the interactive device set up in the framework of a highly cultural and ritualized ceremony, during which the right to speak is not given to everyone; and the strategies of triggering and linking exchanges are done by the use of songs to give a new orientation to the speeches. All this is done and expressed by and in the communicative value of the songs, a value molded by an illocutive force that easily reaches and stimulates the target hearers.

This case report describes a A23-year-old female patient with a congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor whose missing lateral incisor tooth was rehabilitated using a dental implant which was restored with cemented e-max crown over gold abutment. As the patient is a young female and the implant was in the aesthetic area, placing immediate provisional restoration was the chosen method of restoration. The case reported presented illustrates a therapeutic strategy consisting of implant placement and immediate provisionalization. The treatment sequences were followed as recommended in the dental protocol. First, A maxillary surgical stent was prepared for the correct implant position, a submerged maxillary anterior single-tooth implant placed according to a standard protocol 3.5mmx10mmTC Prima Implant in the area of tooth 12. The implant’s shoulder was placed 2 mm apical to the cemento‐enamel junction of the adjacent teeth. Thereafter immediate temporization was done in two stages. First stage immediately after the implant placement then 3 months after. Lastly, a consistent and suitable follow-up program was applied. Conclusion: When sensibly selected and accomplished, our case report outcome indicates that this technique may provide promising immediate results relative to the aesthetic, maintenance and stability of the peri-implanted tissues as well as patients’ satisfaction, expectation and functionality.

Poetry is one of the greatest treasures of Chinese literature and culture. We aim to explore into the actualization of image-gestalt (referred to as image-G) in conveying the original poetic realm in poetry translation. In this article, the images-G in different poetry translations are analyzed under three circumstances: “emotions are born out of sceneries”; 2) “sceneries are influenced by emotions”; and 3) “emotions are co-existent with sceneries”, so as to realize the reproduction of the Image-G in literary translation. It will bring enlightenment to researchers who study the English translation of Chinese poetry from a new perspective.

The development challenges of Nigeria’s oil-rich region – the Niger Delta – have remained palpable. It has also necessitated many debates from different ideological perspectives. The much attention received stems from the fact that the Niger Delta is a region blessed (cursed) with huge human and natural resources, but has remained perpetually poor. That is the basis for the now-cacophonic paradox in the region: wealthiest but penurious. Many reasons have been adduced for the existence of this paradox but very little attention has been given to the impacts of the character of Nigerian post-colonial state on the development issues of the region. It is against this backdrop that this paper attempted an investigation into the relationship between the nature of Nigerian state, its form of federalism and the demonstrable development challenges of the Niger Delta. In conducting this investigation, Marxian Political Economy Approach was adopted as the theoretical framework in order to historicise the emergence of Nigerian post-colonial state with a view to ascertaining the factors responsible for its characterisation as deformed-capitalist. As a largely desk study, data were mainly obtained from secondary sources which included such documents as journals, textbooks and articles in addition to internet resource materials. Content analysis of the data revealed that the deformed-capitalist nature of Nigerian post-colonial state partly manifests in its distorted federalism which has furthered the development of underdevelopment in the Niger Delta. The paper therefore recommended the restructuring of Nigeria’s federal system, tantamount to the implementation of real fiscal federal principles which are instrumental to the development of federations like United States of America and states like Alaska. In other words, resource control was highly advocated.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Brand Image, Company Image, and Promotion toward Purchase Decisions and Its Implications on Consumer Satisfaction in the Veterinary Medicine Industry of PT. XYZ. In an effort to maintain the continuity of its business in Indonesia, as one of the largest veterinary drug distributors in Indonesia PT XYZ continues to improve its performance with the main objective of increasing consumer satisfaction. The population used in this study is Consumers of PT. XYZ in the West Java region as many as 100 consumers. The analytical technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis tool Version 3.0. The results in this study are (1) Brand Image has a positive and significant effect on Purchase Decision, (2) Company Image has a positive and significant effect on Purchase Decision, (3) Promotion has a positive and significant effect on Purchasing Decision, (4) Purchasing Decisions have a positive and significant effect on Consumer Satisfaction, (5) Brand Image has a positive and significant effect on Consumer Satisfaction through Purchase Decision, (6) Company Image has a significant effect on Consumer Satisfaction through Purchase Decision, and (7) Promotion has a positive and significant effect on Consumer Satisfaction through Purchase Decision.

Food addiction is a new terminology that shares a similar neurobiological and behavioral framework with substance addiction. It was speculated that food addiction is incriminated in the current obesity epidemic. This study aims to assess the relationship between food addiction and impulsive personality traits among Zagazig University Students. Cross- sectional descriptive design was utilized in this study. The study was conducted in two health related faculties and two non-health related faculties at Zagazig University, Egypt. The sample type was purposive sample consisted of 480 students were included. Three tools were used for data collection: demographic data sheet, Yale Food Addiction Scale and Impulsive Behavior Scale. The results of the present study showed that the prevalence rate of food addiction was 39% and the prevalence rate of impulsive personality subscales (positive urgency, sensation seeking, premeditation, negative urgency and perseverance (8.8%, 10%, 0%, 5% & 0%) respectively. It also showed that food addiction has statistically significant positive correlation with impulsive personality traits. Food addiction had shown a significant effect on impulsive personality traits among Zagazig University Students. Educational programs should be encouraged for Zagazig University Students to decrease the prevalence of food addiction and its health consequences.

Elaborated on an otherization-based attitude, this article fends off the gloomy and shaky curtain of a reciprocal hate to spotlight the pang and travail which, indeed, turn the relationship between the colonizer and the colonized into a pugilistic day by day set-to. In his main right stuff to wedge apart the indigenous’ in-groupness spirit, the strangers from afar shake asunder the Canvas that fuel and abet the villagers’ topmost grit and mettle to stand against a bleak and threadbare existence. This being, the thought process browses through the abstruse questions of crime and guilt in a reference frame of colonization in Kenya and Nigeria. Likewise, the blueprint of poetic justice sounds like a clear-cut voice that meets justice in the name and by dint of a people’s cohesiveness and one-ness.

Modeling is a good way to solve the reality question. In order to describe the matter of the real system, many models were designed to make deep research. In many models, there is always an idea that characterizes the main line of mathematics. With the main line, the models were derived to rules or regulations complied with the real systems. By the rules, the data processing can be handled by all kinds of algorithms and software or platforms so that they can be processed like a assembly line. By the modeling, many real systems can be demonstrated with visual and vivid methods so that everyone can understand or use. Numerical simulation also a popular way to set up or verify the models complied with mathematical methods.

The essence of poetry lies in its expression of emotions, as is the case with poetry translation, which aims not only to express the meaning, but more importantly, to convey the emotions in the original poem. The study of Pound’s Cathay explores into the gains and losses in his translation of emotions from his idea of “Energy in Language” as well as his creative translation. The translation practice in Cathay shows that his two strategies of image juxtaposition and absolute rhythm have greatly enhanced the emotional effect in poetry translation. However, what cannot be neglected is that due to the distinct cultural background, there have been misreading about the poetry images and misunderstanding of the form of Chinese poetry, which inevitably lead to loss of emotional effect in poetry translation. It is hoped that this study can enlighten poetry translators and arouse their attention to the translation of emotions in poetry to gradually improve the translation quality of classical Chinese poetry.

Solid waste management has emerged as one of the greatest challenges facing environmentalprotection agencies and the communities in developing countries and the increasing waste generation has become a topic of water pollution and environmental concern in the metropolis.This study seeks to evaluate the management of solid waste in Lagos State and proffers workable solutions to these challenges which will improve environmental sustainability.In this study, solid waste management challenges are characterized by inefficient collection methods, insufficient coverage of the collection system and some level of improper waste disposal. Observation of the environment, and direct interviews with people in the area was also conducted. The data obtained were analyzed and the study indicates that wastes generation, sorting, handling and disposal were mostly implicated, and that dumping and landfill are some of the current methods being adopted in the disposal of wastes within Lagos, composting and incineration are less often adopted just as industry best practice methods like recycling and re-use are less frequently used. It was also seen that the main type of waste disposal system used in Ajah is the PSP, which is meant to make waste management better, but due to challenges in pick up times, it seems to have a drawback. The analysis shows us that the use of PSP is the most prominent waste disposal system practiced but with a challenge of pick up timing. The most generated type of waste within the study area happens to be the food waste. To this effect, recommendations were given to bring solutions as follows;People should be treated as active partners in the process of change, there will be a more likely successful situation of waste management; Relevant information should be presented to the people and even with an increase of awareness to a certain level, additional monitoring and sustained management over a long period of time is necessary; The monthly environmental sanitation practice should be taken more seriously and the waste collection trucks from LAWMA should immediately after the sanitation if not during the sanitation, go round to collect the refuse that will be heaped on roads during the sanitation practice; The state assembly should formulate laws on waste management which will go as far as individual waste practice and ensure that the laws are enforced by government agencies; Monthly awards to neatest areas should be instituted to encourage the people of the areas to keep their environment clean always by properly handling and storing their wastes. Government should not only make laws, but sponsor public health and environmental education programmes regularly and also make environmental education part of the education curriculum at all school levels.