The study conducted was to evaluate the quality of oral pediatric antimalarials drugs found in the formal and informal sectors of the city of Douala: particular case of syrups and suspensions of quinine and some powders for oral suspension of artemether-luméfantrine. An analytical study was made on 100 samples selected at random sanitary formations, whole salers distributors and markets of illicit distribution found in the various districts of the city of Douala at which the takings were made. The labeling, the visual aspect, the pharmaco-technical parameters (pH, density, volume) and physic chemical parameters (identification, dosage and stability of actives ingredients) of the different samples were estimated. The results of the analyzes showed an global rate of non-compliance of 77%, the informal sector was the most represented with 92% of its samples non-compliant as compared to 62% in the formal sector. The pharmaco-technical non-compliance concerns the pH with 30%, then the density with 46.7% and the volume 46.7%. The physico-chemical non-compliance concerns the identification of the active substance with 2% and the dosage of active substances with 77%. As regard the stability of the reconstituted suspensions, the pH was stable during 14 days after the reconstitution whereas 22.7% of samples saw their concentration of artemether reduce more than 10% and 41.4% of samples for the lumefantrine. In view of all this, the WHO recommends instead the use of dispersible compressed forms for the treatment of simple malaria in children

This study investigated the effectiveness of discussion method of teaching in curriculum delivery in secondary schools in Ogbia Local Education Authority (LEA) of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Nigeria has thirty six States in which Bayelsa State is one of it and Bayelsa State has eight Local Education Authorities which Ogbia is one of it. Ten secondary schools were randomly selected from the thirty schools in Ogbia LEA and eighteen teachers from each of the ten selected secondary schools were randomly selected for the study. The study was guided by three research questions. The instrument for the study was questionnaire developed by the researchers. Split half reliability was used to determine the reliability of the instrument, r = 0.87 was realized which is within the acceptable reliability benchmark. The instrument was administered to respondents and was retrieved and analyzed using percentage. The findings revealed that discussion method of delivering curriculum had positive impact on student because it encourages listening, talking and critical thinking among students which leads to better performance. It also encourages cooperation and teamwork among students and teachers. From the study, it was also discovered that discussion method of curriculum delivery helps students to deal with stereotype, gender bias and social disability. The best subjects suitable for discussion method are art/social science related subjects as well as science subject like health education. Teachers have adequate preparation but lack adequate instructional materials for effective curriculum implementation using discussion method of teaching. Based on the findings of this research, the researchers made some recommendation which includes curriculum planners and textbook writers should provide topical issues/discussion topics before, during and after every reading task to make lessons more participatory, meaningful, purposeful, exciting, enjoyable and pleasurable. Teachers should be encouraged to attend seminars, workshops and conferences in methodology to update their skills in discussion.

The margin is one of the components of the cast restoration most susceptible to failure, both biologically and mechanically. Obtaining a good marginal seal is one of the most important factor in determining the long term success of cast restorations. The purpose of the study was to comparative evaluate the casting accuracy by axial coverage of the die spacer 1.00 mm short from the finish line and complete axial coverage of the die spacer. Irrespective of the method of the die spacer application, all the castings showed deficiency in the marginal fit. Efforts were made to select and utilize standard method. The enhancement of marginal fit with incomplete axial die spacer coverage by providing an area of close adaptation near the marginal area, thereby improving the marginal seal and thus reducing the dissolution of cementing media is of great clinical significance. Increased casting accuracy with die spacer application short by 1.00 mm from finish line could be due to the reason that unpainted area will ensure an area of close adaptation at the margin. From this study, it is clear that the die spacer application short by 1.00 mm from finish line gives better marginal adaptation to castings when compared to full length die spacer application

The establishment of State Owned Enterprises Holding in Indonesia is one way to increase profits, but the regulatory framework for companies belonging to group companies in Indonesia still uses a single corporate approach. As a result, the company’s law only regulates the relationship between the parent company and subsidiary as the special relationship between two independent legal entities in a Group Company construction. Based on the topic, the writer is interested in writing how is the legal responsibility of the parent company to its subsidiary in the Stated-Owned Holding Companies. This research is conducted using normative legal research. Types of data used in this research are secondary data with primary and secondary legal material. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the responsibility of the parent company to its subsidiary in Stated-Owned Holding Company can be divided into some responsibilities, they are; responsibility through voice rights agreement due to privilege shares ownership, responsibility through material contract, responsibility as debt warrantor for subsidiary, and whole of responsibilities due to subsidiary management. The quality of education and research can increase profits in the business world.

Down syndrome (DS) is a common chromosomal anomaly. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is main prognostic factor contributing to a favourable or unfavourable outcome in these patients. To study the patterns of congenital heart diseases in children with Down syndrome. Hospital based descriptive type of observational study of 70 patients conducted at SPMCHI, Jaipur from April 2012 to Sept 2013. There were 70 DS children; 46 (65.71%) male and 24 (34.29%) female. Congenital heart disease was detected in 47 (67.14%) DS children. Out of those, 95.74% were detected as acyanotic heart disease and 4.26% were cyanotic heart disease. Total 73 congenital heart defects were detected in 47 DS children with CHD. In these children, 46.81% have single defect, 31.91 % have 2 defects and 21.28 % have multiple defects. In total congenital heart defects ASD (41.10%) was the commonest congenital heart defect followed by PDA (21.92%) and VSD (15.07%). It is imperative to know about presence of congenital heart disease in Down syndrome children. Contrary to result of most of other workers who observed atrioventricular septal defect was commonest defect. In present study ASD, PDA and VSD were the commonest CHD in order of frequency

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of procurement practices on performance of construction projects in Tanzania. The principle question to be addressed by this study is „what procurement practices are responsible for performance of construction projects in Tanzania?‟ To answer this question and to achieve the primary objective of this study, the researcher focuses on National Housing Corporation (NHC) as a case study. NHC has been selected for this study because it is one of the major public institutions with a significant portfolio of public projects, some of which have succeeded whereas others have failed. The research design used was descripto-explanatory which allowed a detailed description and analysis of the variables under study; describing and presenting their characteristics and explaining their relationships without manipulation. The target population composed of 60 employees from five different departments within NHC headquarters, of which the researcher conducted a census. The study used questionnaires as the primary research instrument. The data was coded as per the objectives to give distinct differences and multivariate regression done to look at the relationship of the variables. Presentation also was done through their calculated mean, frequency, standard deviation and the correlation analysis of the data collected. The study found that indeed various procurement practices influence performance of construction projects in NHC. The supplier selection was found to reduce conflict of interest between the suppliers and management of the organization and in the process influence productivity of the staff. The study further revealed that that contract monitoring and control reduce risks and triggers off an effort to search for solutions to the identified threats to the project success. The study concluded that to a great extent the performance of construction projects is being influenced by adoption of procurement practices, the study recommended that NHC resources need to be more utilized so as to enable more development and less wastage in the company, NHC should handle on the issue of conflict of interest from the management and the outsiders when dealing with the supplier selection and project implementation section. However, the NHC also need to advance more on the policies regarding the quality of construction projects so as to ensure quality projects are achieved at the long run which is beneficial to the company.

This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences, Dewas between March 2016 to August 2017. Patients were classified on the basis of detailed history, clinical examination, ECG record, chest x-ray, Weight-for-Height, age of diagnosis, follow up and other relevant investigations pertaining to the case. The correlation among the clinical examination, ECG & chest x-ray findings were studied. The predictive values of development of complications during the follow-up period by these 3 parameters were observed. Sex distribution, age of diagnosis, clinical examination, ECG, chest x-ray, weight for height, types of VSDs and development of complication on follow up of these patients were analyzed and classified accordingly. The complications of VSD are biventricular hypertrophy, congestive cardiac failure, Pulmonary hypertension, Eisenmenger Syndrome, aortic insufficiency, infective endocarditis& heart block (rare). In our study group 24/56 (42.8%) patients presented with biventricular hypertrophy & all of them were large sized VSDs. Out of25 large sized VSDs, 20 (35.7%) patients had congestive cardiac failure. 35 out of56 had pulmonary hypertension (62.5%), as evident by ECG (P pulmonale in lead II), clinical examination (palpable P2 & loud P2 on auscultation) & chest x-ray (enlarged Pulmonary Artery segment). 1 Patient out of 56 developed Eisenmenger Syndrome (1.7%). 1 Patient out of 56 developed infective endocarditis (1.7%). Prospective Observational Study. A detailed clinical history, clinic-radiological profile and ECG are very helpful in assessing severity and development of complications. Early diagnosis is required to aid the physician in referral of the patient to a specialized center for early surgery. Early diagnosis, proper referral as discussed above & management will help in preventing the associated complications, thereby reducing the mortality and morbidity in these children and improve their quality of life

Since their unearthing in the mid 1990's, Stem Cells have carried with them the promise of developmental, significant scientific and medicinal research. Likewise, it has the prospect that possessed the possibility of enhancing treatments for a host of diseases. These „super cells‟ have a key clinical prospect in tissue repair, with its adherers believing that they symbolizes the future relief or cure of varieties of common disabilities; substitute of faulty cells in a patient through transplantation of hES cell‐derived equivalent which could help restore normal function. Those who seek to curtail the use of certain stem cell lines, revert to the argument that has defined many medical centric debates over the previous decades. The argument, the destruction of human life to create life, is the stalwart philosophical point that all anti-stem cell advocates attempt to make. The purpose of this discussion is to engage in an analysis of the various aspects of the ethical debate relating to the use of stem cells in medical research.

The important role of malnutrition in child death is that most nutritional deficiencies, including vitamin A and Zinc, impair immune function and other host defenses leading to a cycle of longer lasting and more severe infection and even worsening nutritional status. Thus inadequate intake, infection and poor nutritional status are intimately linked. Aim is to study the contact of TB and measles in malnourished children. Information was collected from interview with the parents and examination of under five years children was entered in a predesigned and pretested proforma of the study. History of contact of tuberculosis was present in 9.2% children. While measles in malnourished children is 31.1%, which has significance, precipitate of severe grade of malnutrition as compared to no history of measles

This is an analysis, commentary, and critique of the “Planet of the Apes” saga, with major focus on the 2011 film, “Rise of the Planet of the Apes”. The author examines the film from the perspective of an extended and continuing, overarching theme characterizing earlier films of the same: “Planet of the Apes” (1963), and “Planet of the Apes” (2001). The issue of freedom and anthropocentric values defining things human are examined in the face of what emerges as a merger or transformation of this “humanity” to, and with apes, and thus, the creation of what the author describes as “Apeity” in the film. The author examines what can be viewed as a bi-directional “violation” of both Humanity and “Apeity” and describes this “violation” in terms of its meaning to the concept of Humanity using various characters from these films and explores the “apish” and “human” values and behaviors inherent in concepts of culture – social psychological and sociological. The author evokes themes of anthropocentrism and anthropomorphism in exploration of values, freedom, identity, and conflicts as depicted in the ape saga. The author briefly examines the continuation of the social humanism and conflicts in the 2014 film “The Dawn of the Planet of the Apes” into the third presentation, “War of the Planet of the Apes” (2017). These ideas are presented in relation to ideals of femininity and masculinity, individualism and collectivism relative to definition of Humanity. Finally, the author reconciles this treatment of the film with concurrent practices regarding human values and treatment of non-human creatures and the ideas of human fate and future.

The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of globalization on the monetary policies in enhancing small and medium enterprises in Nigeria; the specific objectives include to; examine the effect of globalization on the inflation rates in enhancing SMEs and examine the effect of globalization on the exchange rate in enhancing SMEs. The study had a population of 257 employees drawn from among selected manufacturing firms in Enugu State. The sample size of 117 was drawn using Freud and Williams formula at 5 percent error margin. A survey design was adopted for the study. The instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire. A total of 117 copies of the questionnaire were distributed while 112 were returned. Two hypotheses were tested using regression, and with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).The findings indicate that Globalization has negative effect on the inflation rates in enhancing small and Medium Enterprises hence negative in its absence t(95, n = 117) =-1.685, p <0.05, enhancing Small and Medium Enterprises is negative in the absence of globalization t(95, n = 117) = -0.813,, p < 0.05. The study concludes that Globalization affects how governments throughout the world create policies affecting areas such as financial regulation and trade. The study recommended that the Nigerian government, as well as the government of other developing economies, must invest substantially to the growth, development, and sustainability of SMEs through the provision of essential infrastructures, human resources, microfinance, security and adequate policy framework.

The 17-4PH stainless steel (17-4PH SS) parts were fabricated by using a metal injection moulding (MIM) route that utilizes three binder systems comprising of palm stearin (PS), thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR), polyethylene (PE), paraffin wax (PW) and stearic acid (SA). The 17-4PH SS powder was mixed with binders at powder loading of 65% vol by using a z-blade mixer for 2 hours at a temperature of 180°C to produce a homogeneous feedstock. The feedstock completely filled the mold cavity at a temperature of 180°C and pressure of 400 bars. A two-stage debinding process (solvent and thermal) was performed to remove binders in green parts. Debound parts were sintered at temperature ranging from 1300°C to 1380°C for 2 hours. The microstructures, physical and mechanical properties of the sintered parts were evaluated in order to determine the feasibility of binder. Among the three binder systems considered herein, PW/PE/SA appeared to produce optimum sintered properties while PS/TPNR produced the lowest. Experimental results have also demonstrated that comparable sintered properties could be obtained from the PS/PE at higher sintering temperature. In summary, this work has indicated that bio-composite binder systems, PS/TPNR and PS/PE could be considered as a promising binder in MIM of 17-4PH SS.

The possible etiological factors found in the causation of protein energy malnutrition among young children are non feeding of colostrums, lack of exclusive breast feeding in first six month of life, late introduction of semi solid and solid foods, dilution of top milk accompanied by faulty complementary feeding practices by mother and exacerbated by ignorance in the family and the community of the basic dietary needs of the child, particularly during complementary feeding phase. It has been found that, nutrition education can positively effect changes in the attitudes and practices of mothers and is an extremely valuable tool in alleviating the malnutrition, which may occur as a result of improper feeding practices. Aim of the study is to study of infant feeding practices at a tertiary care centre in central India. Information was collected from interview with the parents and examination of under five years children was entered in a predesigned and pretested proforma of the study. In our study top milk was introduced by 20.6% of mothers below the 6 months of age. Majority of them recived top milk between 6-12 months of age (75%). This study revealed that only 21.8% children were receiving undiluted milk. 1/3 received half diluted (43.7%) and remaining was receiving (34.5%) 1/4 dilution. This dilution of milk was responsible for malnutrition in children

Positive AnticyclicCitrullinatedPeptid Antibody in the antisynthetase syndrome should not lead to systematic diagnosis of association Antisynthetase syndrome-Rheumatoid arthritis. However their positivity is a marker of severity provider of destructive changes in joint damage in the antisynthetase syndrome without any diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis established.

Pericardial effusion is an extremely rare expression of hyperthyroidism. We report a case of a patient with Graves’ disease who developed a sanguineous pericardial effusion. Our patient had been hospitalized for retrosternal chest pain and dyspnea. She underwent pericardiocentesis resulting in 700 ml of blood. The pericardial fluid’s cytology and culture were negative. Besides, thyroid hormone markers were progressively normalized using antithyroid drugs .Thus the pericardial effusion resolved without recurrence.